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Abstrak :
[ABSTRAK
Penelitian ini membahas faktor-faktor yang mendukung dan menghambat keberhasilan entrepreneur wanita Jepang menggunakan analisis SWOT. Sumber data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah 100 orang entrepreneur wanita dalam majalah Asahi Shinbun edisi khusus akhir tahun 2005 dan sebagai data pelengkap digunakan data 100 orang entrepreneur Kyushu dalam buku Yume wo Kanaeru 100 Nin Josei Kigyouka yang diterbitkan tahun 2013. Adapun faktor-faktor yang mendukung dan menghambat keberhasilan entrepreneur wanita Jepang dibagi menjadi dua faktor. Yang pertama adalah faktor internal berupa kekuatan sekaligus kelemahan bagi entrepreneur wanita tersebut, yaitu usia, status pernikahan, latar belakang pendidikan, dan pengalaman kerja. Yang kedua adalah faktor eksternal yaitu peluang dan ancaman. Peluang berupa dukungan dari keluarga maupun pemerintah Jepang. Sedangkan ancaman berupa kurangnya pengetahuan dan skill dalam berwirausaha.

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ABSTRACT
This study discusses the supporting factors and obstacles of successful Japanese women entrepreneurs using SWOT analysis. The data we used in this study was taken from 100 women entrepreneurs in the magazine Asahi Shinbun (2005). As supplementary data, we used data of 100 people in the book entrepreneur Kyushu Yume wo Kanaeru 100 Nin Josei Kigyouka published in 2013. The factors that support and hinder the successful of Japanese women entrepreneurs are divided into two factors. The first factor is the internal factor such as the strength and weakness for women entrepreneurs, such as age, marital status, educational background, and work experience. The second factor is the external factor, are opportunities and threats. Opportunity such as support from family and the Japanese government. While the threat can be such as lack of knowledge and skills in entrepreneurship, This study discusses the supporting factors and obstacles of successful Japanese women entrepreneurs using SWOT analysis. The data we used in this study was taken from 100 women entrepreneurs in the magazine Asahi Shinbun (2005). As supplementary data, we used data of 100 people in the book entrepreneur Kyushu Yume wo Kanaeru 100 Nin Josei Kigyouka published in 2013. The factors that support and hinder the successful of Japanese women entrepreneurs are divided into two factors. The first factor is the internal factor such as the strength and weakness for women entrepreneurs, such as age, marital status, educational background, and work experience. The second factor is the external factor, are opportunities and threats. Opportunity such as support from family and the Japanese government. While the threat can be such as lack of knowledge and skills in entrepreneurship]

Abstrak :
This book offers a new slant on the relations between warfare and state construction. Historians looking at how war funding impinged on state development, and how state growth made wars more demanding affairs, have tended to downplay the role of military provisioning entrepreneurs. Written off as corrupt and selfish, these entrepreneurs conflicted with the received view of a rationally growing and modernizing state. This book (or the Spanish case during the eighteenth century) shows that the state-entrepreneur relationship was much more fluid and constant than previously thought. The state was not able to enforce a top-down military supply policy; at the same time it benefited from the entrepreneurs collaboration and their shared mercantilist ambitions. The entrepreneurs mobilization of Spains military supplies was crucial for extending state authority and helped to knit together national and colonial markets. However, the fluid state-entrepreneur relationship gradually became shrouded in privileges and monopolies, not so much driven by ideology or imposed by the entrepreneurs, but rather as an arrangement exploited by the state to boost its control over them, whittling down middlemen and ensuring the solvency and creditworthiness of the chosen few. This arrangement spiralled into a risky interdependence and cramped entrepreneurial competition. The book furnishes new insights into the role of military entrepreneurs in debates about warfare and state construction.

Abstrak :
Dewasa ini usaha pembangunan masyarakat Islam dihadapkan kepada berbagai persoalan. Salah satu persoalan yang sangat penting diperhatikan adalah belum tersedianya sumber dana tetap yang terus-menerus dapat mendukung usaha pembangunan tersebut. Selama ini pembangunan tempat peribadatan dan sarana keagamaan, pendidikan, dakwah, pengkaderan dan pembinaan anak yatim dan fakir miskin pada umumnya terbentur masalah dana. Adapun dalam masalah dana pembangunan, Islam mengemukakan sejumlah konsep, antara lain zakat, infak, sadaqah, wakaf, dan harta agama lainnya. Dengan sumber dana agama tersebut sebenarnya umat Islam memiliki potensi yang cukup besar untuk mendukung perwujudan kesejahteraan ummat dan pembangunan. Salah satu dana keagamaan sebagaimana yang disebut di atas adalah zakat, rukun Islam ketiga yang wajib ditunaikan oleh wajib zakat (muzakki).