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"Latar Belakang: Kelahiran preterm adalah kelahiran sebelum usia kehamilan 37 minggu lengkap. Secara global, kelahiran preterm menyebabkan morbiditas dan mortalitas bayi yang tinggi. Laporan World Health Organization (WHO) tahun 2010, Indonesia saat ini termasuk dalam 10 besar negara dengan jumlah kelahiran preterm terbanyak yaitu 15,5 per 100 kelahiran hidup. Berbagai faktor dihubungkan dengan penyebab terjadinya kelahiran preterm, termasuk salah satunya adanya defisiensi asam lemak tidak jenuh rantai panjang selama kehamilan.Tujuan: Mengetahui kadar asam lemak tidak jenuh rantai panjang (ALA, EPA, DHA, LA dan AA) pada ibu hamil dengan kelahiran preterm dan aterm.Metode: Penelitian dilakukan dengan uji potong-lintang dengan subjek penelitianibu hamil preterm dan aterm yang melakukan persalinan di RSUPN Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo dan RS Budi Kemuliaan Jakarta pada Juli hingga Desember 2019.Hasil: Diperoleh 60 subjek penelitian dengan 30 subjek pada masing-masing kelompok. Hasil dengan kategori rendah didapatkan pada kelompok preterm dengan median kadar ALA 47 μmol/L, AA 491 μmol/L dengan perbedaan yang bermakna dengan kelompok aterm (p=0,03 dan p=0,01). Indeks omega-3 pada masing-masing kelompok juga rendah yaitu 2,5% pada preterm dan 3% pada aterm.Kesimpulan: Terdapat perbedaan yang bermakna antara kadar ALA dan AA pada ibu yang mengalami kelahiran preterm dan aterm. Tidak terdapat perbedaan yang bermakna kadar EPA, DHA, LA, indeks omega-3, rasio omega-6/ omega-3, dan rasio AA/EPA pada ibu yang mengalami kelahiran preterm dan aterm.

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Background: Approximately 15 million babies were born prematurely every year with one million of them dying from preterm birth complications. Indonesia was among the top 10 countries worldwide with the highest number of preterm births, which was 15.5 preterm births per 100 live births. In recent years, several studies have been investigating the role of nutrition in reducing the risk of preterm birth, one that seems promising is long-chain unsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFA). This study was conducted to determine LCPUFA status in pregnant women who undergo preterm and term births in Jakarta, Indonesia.Objective: To determine the levels of long-chain unsaturated fatty acids (ALA, EPA, DHA, LA dan AA) in pregnant women undergoing preterm and term birth.Method: A descriptive study was conducted on 30 pregnant women in each group who experienced preterm and term births at Cipto Mangunkusumo and Budi Kemuliaan Hospital Jakarta between July and December 2019. Maternal blood plasma was examined by measuring the concentration of alpha-linolenic acid (ALA), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), linoleic acid (LA), arachidonic acid (AA), omega-3 index, omega-6/ omega-3, and AA/ EPA ratio.Result: The median levels of ALA and AA were low in the preterm birth group with significant differences between the two groups (p= 0,03 and p= 0,01). The median total concentrations of ALA, EPA, DHA, LA, AA, omega-3 index, omega-6/ omega-3, and AA/EPA ratio in preterm birth group were as follows: 47 μmol/L, 18,5 μmol/L, 262 μmol/L, LA 3382 μmol/L, 491 μmol/L, 2,5%, 13 and 26,5. While in the term birth group were as follows 58,5 μmol/L, 19 μmol/L, 262 μmol/L, LA 3382 μmol/L, 491 μmol/L, 2,5%, 13 and 26,5. The median concentration of EPA and DHA on both groups were in a normal range. Most of the subjects had a low omega-3 index, 86,7% from total subjects in preterm and 66,7% in term group.Conclusion: There are significant differences between ALA and AA concentration in women who experienced preterm and term birth. There were no significant differences in levels of EPA, DHA, LA, omega-3 index, omega-6/ omega-3 ratio, and AA/EPA ratio between the two groups."

"Tujuan penelitian cross sectional ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan asupan asam lemak omega-3 dengan kadar hs-CRP pada pasien Psoriasis vulgaris. Penelitian dilakukan di Yayasan Peduli Psoriasis Indonesia, mulai November 2014 sampai April 2015. Sejumlah 52 pasien yang memenuhi kriteria penelitian dipilih menjadi subjek penelitian. Subjek diwawancara, menjalani pemeriksaan antropometri dan kadar hs-CRP. Data asupan asam lemak omega-3, EPA dan DHA diperoleh dengan metode food frequency questionnaire, dan food recall 3 x 24 jam. Nilai rerata usia subjek adalah 41,9 ± 9,21 tahun. Jumlah subjek laki-laki 57,7% dan wanita, 42,3%. Sebanyak 38,5% subjek status gizinya normal dan 61,5% berat badan lebih. Asupan energi cukup terdapat pada 82,7% subjek, sedangkan 17,3% subjek asupan energinya kurang. Subjek dengan asupan asam lemak omega-3 cukup ada 65,4%, sedangkan 34,6% subjek asupannya kurang. Sebanyak 86,5% subjek asupan EPA dan DHAnya cukup dan 13,5% kurang. Hasil kadar hs-CRP serum yaitu 9,6% subjek kadarnya >10 mg/L, 57,7% subjek kadarnya 1-10 mg/L dan 32,7% subjek kadarnya <1 mg/L. Hasil uji korelasi rank Spearman antara asupan asam lemak omega-3 dengan kadar hs-CRP memperlihatkan korelasi negatif lemah bermakna (r = - 0,394 dan p = 0,004). Korelasi asupan EPA dan DHA dengan kadar hs-CRP adalah negatif sedang bermakna (r = - 0,499 dan p = 0,000). Asupan asam lemak omega-3 terutama dalam bentuk EPA dan DHA dapat menurunkan kadar hs-CRP pada pasien Psoriasis.

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The aim of this cross sectional study is to find out the relationship between dietary intake of omega-3 fatty acids and hs-CRP level in patient with Psoriasis vulgaris. This study was conducted from November 2014 to April 2015, at Yayasan Peduli Psoriasis Indonesia. As all the criterias were succeeded, 52 patients were recruited. Data were collected by interview, anthropometric's measurement, and laboratory examination. Dietary intake data of omega-3 fatty acids, EPA and DHA were determined by using food frequencies questionnaire, and food recall 3 x 24 hours method.

Mean value of subjects' age was 41.9 ± 9.21 years. The subjects consisted of 57.7% men and of 42.3% women. Nutritional status of 38.5% subjects was normal and of 61.5% was overweight. An adequate amount of energy intake was found in 82.7% subjects whereas 17.3% was inadequate. Dietary intake of omega- 3 fatty acids was adequate in 65.4% subjects whereas in 34.6% was inadequate. Dietary intake of EPA and DHA in 86.5% subjects was adequate, while in 13.5% subjects, inadequate.

The result of hs-CRP >10 mg/L was found in 9.6% subjects, 1-10 mg/L in 57.7% and <1 mg/L in 32.7% subjects. Rank Spearman correlation test of dietary intake of omega-3 fatty acids and hs-CRP level showed weak negative significant result (r = - 0.394 and p = 0.004). The result of EPA and DHA with hs-CRP level was fair negative significant (r = - 0.499 and p = 0.000). Thus, it can be concluded that dietary omega-3 fatty acids in the form of EPA and DHA might lessen hs-CRP level in Psoriasis patient."

"Kanker payudara merupakan penyebab kematian tersering pada wanita. Salah satu faktor risiko kanker payudara adalah obesitas. Obesitas merupakan masalah kesehatan global yang diderita 13% populasi dunia. Sekitar 56 % pasien kanker payudara mengalami obesitas. Sebagian besar pasien kanker payudara dengan obesitas mengalami peningkatan berat badan setelah diagnosis dan semakin memberat saat mejalani terapi anti-kanker. Peningkatan massa lemak berperan dalam progresivitas sel kanker dan resistensi kanker terhadap kemoradiasi. Asam lemak omega-3, yaitu eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) dan docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) merupakan nutrien spesifik dalam terapi medik gizi pasien kanker. Penelitian menunjukkan EPA dan DHA dapat memiliki efek anti-kanker, antiinflamasi, dan anti-obesitas yang dapat menurunkan massa lemak, berat badan, dan meningkatkan sensitivitas terapi anti-kanker. Terapi medik gizi dilakukan pada empat pasien kanker payudara dengan obesitas dengan rentang usia 44–58 tahun. Satu pasien tidak mencapai target asupan energi dan satu pasien melebihi target asupan energi, dengan rentang rerata asupan 23–31 kkal/kgBB. Satu pasien tidak mencapai target asupan protein dengan rentang rerata asupan 1–1,4 g/kgBB. Asupan nutrien spesifik asam amino rantai cabang keempat pasien belum mencapai 10 g/hari dengan rentang rerata asupan 8,3–9,3 g/hari. Asupan EPA dan DHA keempat pasien memiliki rentang rerata 1,8–1,9 g/hari. Tiga dari empat pasien mengalami penurunan berat badan dan free fat mass index (FFMI), satu pasien mengalami peningkatan BB dan FFMI, dan dua dari empat pasien mengalami peningkatan kekuatan genggam. Satu pasien mengalami peningkatan C-reactive protein (CRP) dan satu pasien mengalami penurunan CRP. Keempat pasien memiliki rasio neutrofil limfosit diatas 3,49 yang mengindikasikan peningkatan risiko rekurensi. Keempat pasien mengalami toksisitas akur ringan selama radioterapi. Kendala utama dalam aplikasi terapi medik gizi pada keempat pasien adalah tingkat kepatuhan terhadap preskripsi yang semakin menurun menjelang minggu akhir pemantauan Dibutuhkan tatalaksana gizi lebih lanjut pasca radiasi untuk mencapai target nutrisi disertai peningkatan aktivitas fisik untuk mempertahankan atau meningkatkan massa otot.

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Breast cancer is a leading cause of death in women. One risk factor for breast cancer is obesity, a global health problem affecting 13% of the world's population. About 56% of breast cancer patients are obese. Most breast cancer patients with obesity gain weight after diagnosis and get worse while undergoing anti-cancer therapy. Increased fat mass plays a role in the progression of cancer cells and cancer resistance to chemoradiation. Omega-3 fatty acids, namely eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), are specific nutrients in medical nutrition therapy for cancer patients. Research shows that EPA and DHA have anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, and anti-obesity effects that can reduce fat mass and body weight and increase the sensitivity of anti-cancer therapy. Medical nutrition therapy was done on four obese breast cancer patients aged 44–58. One patient did not reach the energy intake target, and one exceeded the energy intake target, with a mean intake range of 23–31 kcal/kg BW. One patient did not achieve the target protein intake with an average intake of 1–1.4 g/kg BW. The intake of specific nutrients for branched-chain amino acids in the four patients had not yet reached ten g/day with a mean intake range of 8.3–9.3 g/day. The EPA and DHA intakes of the four patients had a mean range of 1.8–1.9 g/day. Three of four patients experienced weight loss and free fat mass index (FFMI), one patient experienced an increase in weight and FFMI, and two of four patients experienced an increase in grip strength. One patient had an increase in C-reactive protein (CRP), and one had a decrease in CRP. All four patients had a neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio above 3.49, indicating an increased risk of recurrence. All four patients experienced mild acute toxicity during radiotherapy. The main obstacle in applying medical nutrition therapy to the four patients was the level of adherence to prescriptions which decreased towards the end of the monitoring week. Further nutritional management after radiation was needed to achieve nutritional targets with increased physical activity to maintain or increase muscle mass."