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Abstrak :
Coupled ocean-atmosphere mode in the tropical Indian Ocean, so-called the Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD), occurred during boreal summer to fall 2011. In this study, data from satellite observations and atmospheric reanalysis datasets together with data from ocean current mooring were used to evaluate the evolution of the 2011 IOD event. It is shown that the 2011 IOD was a weak and short-lived event. It developed in July, peaked in September, decayed in October and terminated in November. During the peak phase, maximum negative sea surface temperature anomaly off Sumatera- Java reached -1.2 °C. As oceanic response to easterly wind anomalies along the equator, the observed zonal currents in the central and eastern equatorial Indian Ocean also showed prominent westward currents during the peak phase of the 2011 IOD event.

Mode Kopel Laut-Atmosfer di Daerah Tropis Samudera Hindia selama Tahun 2011. Mode kopel laut-atmosfer di kawasan tropis Samudera Hindia yang dikenal sebagai fenomena Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) terjadi pada musim panas hingga musim gugur tahun 2011. Pada studi ini, data observasi satelit, data reanalisis, dan data dari hasil pengukuran arus laut digunakan untuk mengevaluasi terjadinya fenomena IOD di tahun 2011. Hasil studi menunjukkan bahwa fenomena IOD tahun 2011 merupakan jenis IOD yang lemah dan berdurasi pendek. IOD di tahun 2011 mulai terbentuk di bulan Juli, mencapai puncaknya di bulan September, meluruh di bulan Oktober dan menghilang di bulan November. Pada saat fase puncak, anomali suhu permukaan laut di dekat pantai Sumatera-Jawa mencapai -1,2 °C. Data observasi arus di tengah dan di sisi timur ekuator Samudera Hindia menunjukkan adanya respon laut terhadap anomali sirkulasi atmosfer. Hasil pengukuran menunjukkan bahwa arus zona bergerak ke arah barat sebagai respon terhadap angin timuran pada fase puncak IOD tahun 2011.

Abstrak :
LAPAN is currently developing LAPAN - 2 AND LAPAN-ORARI satellites which are planned to be launched in 2011. Both satellites will be placed in equatorial orbit at 650 km height above the earth surface with 8 degrees inclination. The analytical resutl by using the simulation model shows that by implementing 8 degree inclination, several LAPAN ground stations which are located in the equatorial line such as Bukittinggi and Biak ground station have longer duration to access the satellite compared with those which are located quite far from equator line such as Rumpin ground station. Besides, by placing both satellites in the 8 degree inclination, the LAPAN's ground station will be abble to access the satellites between 10 until 14 times per day. The height of the access ability from the ground station to the satellite will provide big advantages because the satellite can be used to monitor the earth surface more often.

Abstrak :
ABSTRACT
Rapid decrease in soilfertiligtfollows clearing of forests in the humid tropics and main processes triggered by the removal of vegetation cover are reviewed. The soil of forests, cleared to provide land for cultivation of annual foodcrops are clearly showing a decrease in fertility. This unfortunate phenomena occur mainly in areas of the Indonesian Archipelago located within a belt consisting of areas with 12 months of rainfall and monthly means of 75 and more millimeters. Monocultural cultivation of annual crops in these areas is likely to deplete soil of its fertility and unlessfloodedfield techniques of cultivation is involved, it might seem very unlikely that in the future, the use ofannualfood crops to cultivate clearedforest lands, such as of common practice today, could be maintained without sacrificing soilfertiliiy and destruction. In many parts of theArchipelago, deforestation ofareas to cultivate annual foodcrops is likely to invite processes leading to the fatal destruction of its soil. Unless arboriculture . (tree cultivation), imitating tropical rainforest forests, is practiced to produce food replacing the present traditional production of staple food starch by annual crops, the degradation of the environment will continue ending in an unsustainable, prohtable agriculture. perennial tree likely to become one off the best candidate

Abstrak :
The potency and unique characteristics of GSO for placing communication satellites located only above equatorial states makes the GSO as part of natural resources. The equatorial states realized that the use of GSO has many advantages and has implications to their national interest. However, basic principle in space law, Outer Space Treaty 1967 (Art.II), states that equatorial states forbidden to claim ownership of any part of outer space, particularly claim in sovereignty. The principle ?first come first served? in placing of satellite on GSO, practically only gives the advantage to developed countries which have high satellite technology. Hence, the level of technology of a state plays important role in developing of space law internationally. The equatorial states which are mostly developing states (low and middle level in technology in outer space activities) claimed their right to use natural resources for their national interest based on equatorial position principle.

Abstrak :
ABSTRAK
Rapid decrease in soil fertility follows clearing of forests in the humid tropics and main processes triggered by the removal of vegetation cover are reviewed. The soil of forests, cleared to provide land for cultivation of annual foodcrops are clearly showing a decrease in fertility. This unfortunate phenomena occur mainly in areas of the Indonesian Archipelago located within a belt consisting of areas with 12 months of rainfall and monthly means of 75 and more millimeters. Monocultural cultivation of annual crops in these areas is likely to deplete soil of its fertility and unless flooded field techniques of cultivation is involved, it might seem very unlikely that in the future, the use of annual food crops to cultivate cleared forest lands, such as of common practice today, could be maintained without sacrificing soil fertility and destruction. In many parts of the Archipelago, deforestation of areas to cultivate annual foodcrops is likely to invite processes leading to the fatal destruction of its soil. Unless arboriculture (tree cultivation), imitating tropical rainforest forests, is practiced to produce food, replacing the present traditional production of staple food starch by annual crops, the degradation of the environment will continue ending in an unsustainable, profitable agriculture. A perennial tree likely to become on of the best candidate for this purpose is the sagopalm. Metroxylon spp., an incredibility potent starch producer. The capacity and possibility of this starch producing parennial to fulfill the growing needs of food are reviewed here. Sagopalm plantations, or rather forests, covering a total area of not more than half the size of West-Java, would theoretically be sufficient to continually supply food starch to free no less than 400 million population from hunger. The advantages and superiorities of the sagopalm cultivation compared to other food-starch annual cultures are also discussed.