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Abstrak :
Gelatin kulit ikan patin Siam (Pangasius hypophthalmus) telah dihasilkan oleh Balai Besar Riset Pengolahan Produk dan Bioteknologi Kelautan dan Perikanan. Untuk mengetahui tingkat keamanan produk, telah dilakukan uji toksisitas subkronik dari gelatin kulit ikan patin Siam secara in vivo terhadap hewan uji mencit (Mus musculus). Sebanyak 72 mencit jantan dengan berat 20-30 9 dibagi dalam 4 kelompok dan diberi perlakuan pakan gelatin secara oral dengan menggunakan sonde. Dosis yang diberikan adalah 0 (kontrol negatif); 1,5; 3; dan 6persen atau setara dengan 0, 12, 24, dan 48 mg/g bb mencit. Pemberian bahan uji dilakukan setiap hari selama 4 minggu yang dilanjutkan dengan masa pemulihan (recovery) selama 2 minggu. Pengamatan dilakukan terhadap kondisi serum darah, yaitu Glutamic Oxaloacetic Transaminase (GOT), Glutamic Pyruvic Transaminase (GPT), kreatinin, albumin, dan Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN) serta tingkat kerusakan organ target (hati, ginjal, dan lambung). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberian gelatin pada dosis 48 mg/g bb mencit berpengaruh pada kadar GOT setelah minggu ke-2 perlakuan. Selain itu tidak terdapat pengaruh pemberian gelatin terhadap kerusakan organ target dari kelompok perlakuan dibandingkan dengan kelompok kontrol negatif.

Abstrak :
Penulisan sastra drama di Indonesia dari masa ke masa memperlihatkan perkembangan yang selaras dengan dinamika masyarakat sebagai sumber cerita yang tidak habis-habis. Setiap zaman memiliki sastra drama kanonnya sendiri-sendiri sekaligus merepresentasikan bentuk dan isi yang mencirikan semangat zaman. Demikian pula dengan sastra drama karya Akhudiat yang dibuat pada tahun 1970-an. Karya-karyanya sebagaimana juga karya penulis lain sezaman memperlihatkan semangat bereksperimen, baik dalam segi bentuk maupun isinya. Penelitian ini membahas lima karya Akhudiat yang dibuat antara tahun 1972 hingga 1977, dengan berfokus pada dua karya, yaitu "Jaka Tarub" dan "Re" yang dipandang menampilkan pencapaian kreativitas Akhudiat. Dua pendekatan digunakan untuk menelaah karya-karya tersebut, yaitu pendekatan struktural digunakan untuk mendapatkan komposisi setiap karya sebagai wujud dari realisasi gagasan Akhudiat, dan dari komposisi itu diperoleh teknik pengaransemenan yang berpola. Pola tersebut dalam tataran struktur, yaitu pola dramatik, pola bahasa, dan pola permainan. Selain komposisi secara struktural, karya-karya Akhudiat juga mengandung unsur tekstural, berupa musik dan gerak, yang membangun dramatik secara signifikan. Di samping masalah komposisi, pendekatan intertekstualitas terhadap karya-karya Akhudiat itu untuk menunjukkan jalinan antarteks yang membangun pemaknaan di pembaca. Pola hubungan transtekstualitas pada karya-karya tersebut memperlihatkan jenis hubungan antarteks berupa intertekstualitas, paratekstualitas, metatekstualitas, dan hipertekstualitas yang diwujudkan dalam berbagai tataran baik struktur maupun tekstur. ...... From time to time, the writing of drama in Indonesian literature has shown a development which is consistent with the dynamics of Indonesian community as its inexhaustible source of stories. Every era has its disciplinary canons of literary drama on their own as well as representing the form and content that characterizes the spirit of its age. Similarly, the literary dramas of Akhudiat's which were composed in the 1970s, as well as contemporary works by other authors in the respective era, show the spirit of experimentation, both in terms of form and content. This study discusses Akhudiat five works which were written between 1972 to 1977, with a focus on two of his works, namely "Jaka Tarub" and "Re," which are perceived as a notable achievement of Akhudiat's creativity. Two approaches are used to examine these works. Firstly, the structural approach is used to obtain the composition of each work as a manifestation of the realization of Akhudiat's ideas, from which the patterned arrangement techniques are identified. The patterns studied at the structural level are the dramatic patterns, pattern of languages, and the pattern of the game. In addition to structural composition, Akhudiat's works also contain textural elements, such as music and movement, which build up the dramatic scenes significantly. Secondly, in addition to the structural approach, intertexuality approach is used since Akhudiat's works demonstrate intertextual fabrics which further develop readers-process of meaning-making. Transtextuality relationship patterns in those works also reflect the types of intertextual relations in the forms of intertextuality, paratextuality, metatextuality, and hypertextuality which are embodied in various levels, especially structure and texture.

Abstrak :
The shear key is an important part of a precast segmental concrete bridge. Aside from its function of contributing to the distribution of shear force from one concrete segment to another, it helps to join precast concrete segments to become a complete bridge structure and provide continuity of movement for vehicles and pedestrian traffic. This numerical study discusses the behavior of a full-scale shear key connection without epoxy joining two concrete blocks representing segmental precast concrete at which two external forces load the blocks. Ferro Casting Ductile (FCD) is used as the metal shear key material where the shear key consists of two parts, a male and a female shear key. Numerical simulation is conducted using the ANSYS academic package, with nonlinear analysis implemented accordingly. The appropriate constitutive materials in relation to the numerical program, both for concrete and FCD, are taken from the appropriate literature. Two criteria are employed in the study; failure of the concrete block and yielding of the shear key that follows the von Mises criterion. Shear key connection system capacity is evaluated by applying different magnitudes of horizontal force. The validation of two numerical simulation studies is conducted by two experimental programs that cover laboratory experimentation of full-scale shear keys connecting two concrete blocks. The numerical and experimental results produce an almost similar relation of shear stress at the male shear key and vertical displacements of the upper block relative to the lower concrete block. Finally, a contour of shear key shear stress as a function of the different magnitudes of equivalent prestressing and different quality of concrete compressive strength is proposed.