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"Integrated farming system between crops and animals has been practiced for along time by the farmers in Indonesia, espicially in the village

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"This research intends to detemine paddy farming in Serang District, including the application of insus type D, production per season, and the effect of such tehcnological application to the production and income of paddy farming. The study employs survey method while the research sites are purposevely selected, i.e.Pontang, Kasemen, and Tirtayasa subdistricts. The study interveiwed 30 farmers who were selected using stratified random sampling, i.e: board and regular member of farmers group. The study suggests that production of paddy farming has improved by 94% after using insus type D technology. Average production of irrigated paddy farming is 61,2 quintal per hectare of GKP which is only 68% of the intended production target, i.e. 90 quintal per hectare per season. Break Even Point is reaced at Rp. 2.468.449, or production of 2.194 kg, or at farm size of 0,36 ha, with ratio of revenue to cost or R/C at 1,74. In conclusion, the tehcnology is proved to be profitable for farmers."

"The new paradigm of agricultural development placed Agricultural -demand-led-industrialization (ADLI) strategy as an industraliaziation strategy emphasizing agriculture development program and setting the agriculture sector as a prime mover of industry and other sectors...."

"Ketergantungan masyarakat pedesaan pada sumberdaya alam akan tetap tinggi, terutama sumberdaya lahan, sedangkan pemilikan tanah di kalangan petani makin menyempit. Kecenderungan penyempitan pemilikan lahan diakibatkan oleh pengalihan peruntukan lahan dari pertanian ke non pertanian. Pengalihan peruntukan lahan tersebut akan mengancam kehidupan masyarakat di desa. Jika sektor pertanian tidak mampu memenuhi kebutuhan masyarakat di desa, maka hal tersebut akan mendorong mereka mencari alternatif sumber penghasilan, yaitu sektor non pertanian di kota. Masyarakat pedesaan yang pada umumnya berpendidikan rendah dan kurang memiliki keterampilan akan menciptakan pengangguran di perkotaan yang kemudian menimbulkan penyakit sosial.Dalam rangka mengurangi urbanisasi, diperlukan upaya yang dapat menciptakan supaya masyarakat tetap tertarik untuk hidup di desa. Salah satu upaya tersebut adalah melalui pembangunan pedesaan. Pembangunan tersebut bukan hanya tanggung jawab pemerintah semata, tetapi juga menjadi tanggung jawab dunia usaha. Program pemberdayaan masyarakat Riau.PT. RAPP adalah salah satu bentuk tanggung jawab sosial perusahaan untuk membangun di wilayah operasinya. Program pemberdayaan tersebut di tuangkan dalam bentuk sistem pertanian terpadu (Integrated Farming System).Permasalahan yang dikemukakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Adopsi Sistem pertanian terpadu yang dikembangkan perusahaan tersebut belum optimal. Faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi adopsi inovasi tersebut adalah pengetahuan sistem pertanian terpadu petani, luas pemilikan lahan, dan pendidikan formal petani.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk: (a.) Mengetahui apakah terdapat pengaruh positif pengetahuan sistem pertanian terpadu, luas pemilikan lahan, dan pendidikan formal petani secara bersama-sama pada adopsi sistem pertanian terpadu, (b) Mengetahui peringkat pengaruh variabel bebas terkuat terhadap adopsi sistem pertanian terpadu.Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dan kualitatif dengan metode survey. Penelitian dilakukan selama 3 bulan dari Januari 2003 sampai dengan Maret 2003 di Desa Tambak, Kecamatan Langgam, Kabupaten Pelalawan, Provinsi Riau. Penentuan lokasi penelitian dilakukan secara purposive. Penentuan jumlah sampel dengan Cara sampling acak sederhana dari 85 KK komunitas PPMR PT. RAPP di Desa Tambak, diambil 40 KK sebagai sampel. Data primer dikumpulkan dengan teknik wawancara dengan instrumen penelitian yang sudah dipersiapkan_ Sebelum pelaksanaan survey instrumen diuji cobakan pada 20 KK komunitas PPMR di lokasi penelitian untuk mengetahui validitas dan reliabilitas instrumen. Data yang diperoleh diuji normalitas, homogenitas, dan linearitasnya. Kemudian dianalisis dengan metode regresi berganda, dan koefisien korelasi ganda, dan korelasi parsial. Variabel-variabel penelitian adalah adopsi sistem pertanian terpadu (Y); Pengetahuan sistem pertanian terpadu (XI); Luas pemilikan lahan (X2); dan pendidikan formal petani (X3).Berdasarkan penelitian diperoleh hasil bahwa terdapat pengaruh yang positif pengetahuan sistem pertanian terpadu, luas pemilikan lahan, dan pendidikan formal petani secara bersama-sama pada adopsi sistem pertanian terpadu dengan persamaan regresi Y = 14,316 i-1,164X1 + 1,632 X2 + 0,0552 X3 yang sangat signifikan; urutan pengaruh kekuatan variabel dari variabel yang paling kuat sampai yang terlemah adalah Luas pemilikan lahan yang pertama, pengetahuan sistem pertanian terpadu yang kedua, dan pendidikan formal petani yang ketigaKesimpulan: (1) Terdapat pengaruh positif pengetahuan sistem pertanian terpadu, luas pemilikan lahan, dan pendidikan formal petani secara bersama-sama pada tingkat adopsi sistem pertanian terpadu, (2) Untuk meningkatkan adopsi sistem pertanian terpadu maka yang pertama-tama harus diperhatikan adalah luas pemilikan lahan, pengetahuan sistem pertanian terpadu, dan pendidikan formal petani.

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Integrated Farming System Adoption (A Case Study: PT RAPP Riau Community Empowerment Program at Tambak Village, Langgam Resort, Pelalawan, District, Riau Province)The dependence of rural communities toward their natural resource will remain high, particularly for land resources while the land ownership by local farmers is getting narrow. The reason lies behind was the transformation of land use from traditional to modern agriculture system that have a tendency to narrowing the area of land ownership by locals. This will create threats to life and welfare of the villagers. If modem agriculture system fails to meet villagers' needs, they will make an effort to discover alternative income that definitely is a non-agriculture sector mainly set up in urban area. Lack of formal education background and skill possessed by rural community will direct them to be another unemployment that already exist in the cities and furthermore create social disease.Effort to keep these villagers to live in their environment will strongly need to prevent their migration to urban area. One of the efforts is rural development, which is not only seen as government's responsibility but for business' sector as well. PT RAPP's community empowerment program is one example of social responsibility taken by the company to develop community in their operation area. The program then stated as Integrated Farming System.Problem set for this research is that the adoption of integrating farming system developed by the company was not optimal yet. Influenced factors of this adoption were farmers' knowledge of integrating farming system, area of land ownership and farmers' formal education.Objective of this research were a) to find out if there is positive influence of integrating farming system knowledge, together with area of land ownership and farmers' formal education to the adoption of integrating farming system, and b) to find out the rank of significance from independent variables to adoption of integrated farming system.This research used qualitative and quantitative approaches with survey method and was conduct from January to March 2003. The research located at Tambak Village, Langgam Resort, Pelalawan District, Riau Province. The location established by using purposive method and sample size was taken using simple random sampling. The number of 48-house hold was taking from total 85-house hold from PPMR community of PT RAPP as respondents.Instrument research used to collected primary data was questionnaire that prepared and tested to 20 respondents to find the reliability and validity of the instrument. Data collected then be tested their normality, homogeneity and linearity, and then statistically analyzed with multiple regression method, multiple regression correlation and partial correlation. Variables used were, adoption of integrating fanning system (Y); integrating farming system knowledge (XI), area of land ownership (X2) and the farmers' formal education (X3).The result prove that there is positive influence of integrating farming system knowledge together with the area of land ownership and farmers' formal education to the adoption of integrating farming system with regression equation Y= 14,16 + 1,164X1 + 1,632X2 + 0,552X3 or the influence is significance. The factors put sequent by their significance from the strongest ones are, the area of land ownership, integrating farming system knowledge and farmers' formal education. Research conclusion are 1) There is positive influence of integrating fanning system knowledge, all together with area of land ownership and farmers' formal education to the adoption of integrating farming system; 2) To improve the adoption of integrating farming system, attention must put sequences from the area of land ownership, integrating farming system knowledge and farmers' formal education."

"ABSTRACTIntroduksi teknologi dari pihak luar merupakan hal yang tidak bisa petani hindarkan selama melakukan praktik pertanian. Petani di Desa Cibodas, Lembang, Jawa Barat merupakan satu dari banyak kelompok masyarakat tani yang mengalami introduksi teknologi. Tulisan ini ingin menjelaskan bagaimana respon petani terhadap introduksi teknologi greenhouse dan smart farming system. Hasil dari penelitian memperlihatkan bahwa respon yang dimunculkan petani ternyata memiliki dua ragam, yaitu keputusan untuk mengadopsi atau tidak mengadopsi teknologi didasari oleh pilihan rasional masing-masing petani. Setiap respon petani ternyata menghasilkan konsekuensi yang berbeda. Lebih lanjut untuk memahami hubungan antara petani dengan teknologi, saya memakai konsep sociotechnical system. Lewat pandangan ini memungkinkan kita untuk berfokus mencermati hubungan antara manusia dengan teknologi yang sebenarnya saling terkait dan memengaruhi satu sama lain. Dalam hal merespon introduksi teknologi, terdapat seorang petani yang menarik perhatian saya Untuk memahami intensi dari respon petani tersebut, saya menggunakan konsep agency, lebih khususnya konsep neoliberal agency. Dalam konteks petani anggota Koperasi Gerbang Emas di Desa Cibodas agency ini terlihat dari intensi petani. Intensi tersebut adalah untuk selalu mengusahakan diri agar sesuai dengan permintaan pasar baik lewat personal branding atau lewat penerapan teknologi baru dalam praktik bertaninya, dan menganggap dirinya sebagai sebuah bisnis.

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ABSTRACTIntroduction of technology from outsider is an event that farmers cannot avoid throughout agricultural practices. The farmers in Cibodas Village, Lembang, West Java are one of many farming communities who have experienced the introduction of technology. This paper intends to explain how the farmers responded to the introduction of greenhouse technology and smart farming system. Responses raised by the farmers turned out to have types, that is, decision to adopt or not to adopt the technology based on the rational choices of each farmer. In fact each farmer 39s response produces different consequences. Further to understand the relationship between farmers and technology, I use the sociotechnical system concept. In this view, it allows us to focus on observing the relationship between human and technology that are actually interconnected and affected each other. In looking at a response to the introduction of technology, there was a farmer who caught my attention. To understand the intention of this farmer 39s response I use agency concept, more particularly neoliberal agency concept. In the context of the farmers members of Koperasi Gerbang Emas in Cibodas Village, this agency form is seen from the farmers intention. The intention is to keep making self efforts to meet market demand either through personal branding or application of new technology in their farming practices. "