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Abstrak :
Tujuan: Mengetahui hubungan beban finansial terhadap kualitas hidup pasien kanker yang menjalani terapi radiasi di instalasi radioterapi rumah sakit pusat rujukan nasional Indonesia yang menggunakan JKN. Metode: Desain penelitian deskriptif analitik dengan metode cross sectional. Data diambil dari rekam medis dan kuesioner yang didalamnya terdapat formulir EORTC QLQ-C30 untuk menilai HRQoL, yang diisi melalui wawancara via telepon pada pasien kanker yang telah menjalani radioterapi di IPTOR RSUPN Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo periode Januari 2022 - Maret 2023. Dilakukan analisis untuk mengidentifikasi dan mengetahui hubungan antara karakteristik sosiodemografi, klinis, dan ekonomi/beban ekonomi, terhadap HRQoL pasien kanker. Hasil: Dari analisis bivariat masing-masing variabel independen, didapatkan untuk global health yang secara statistik memiliki hubungan (p>0,25) antara lain usia (p=0,166), jenis kelamin (p=0,090), stadium (p=0,111), pendapatan bulanan (p=0,114), dan skor COST FACIT (p<0,001). Untuk fungsi fisik, yang berhubungan yaitu KPS (p=0,089), OTT (p=0,048), pendapatan (p=0,146), dan skor COST FACIT (p<0,001). Sedangkan fungsi emosional, berhubungan dengan usia (p=0,081), jenis kelamin (p=0,113), KPS (p=0,119), indikasi radiaisi (p=0,188), OTT (p=0,053), OOP (p=0,021), financial catastrophe (p=0,135), dan skor COST FACIT (p<0,001). Hasil analisis multivariat dengan regresi linier didapatkan hanya skor COST FACIT yang memiliki nilai p<0,05 dari analisisi regresi liniernya untuk global health (p<0,001 b=0.443 R2=18,8%), fungsi fisik (p<0,001 b=0,456 R2=20,1%), dan fungsi emosional (p<0,001 b=0,523 R2=34,6%). Kesimpulan: Toksisitas finansial memilki hubungan yang bermakna dalam menilai HRQoL pasien kanker yang menjalani radioterapi. Pendapatan, OOP, dan financial catastrophe juga dapat dipertimbangkan dan menjadi perhatian dalam mengevaluasi HRQoL dari pasien kanker. ......Objective: To determine the relationship between financial burden and the quality of life of cancer patients undergoing radiation therapy at the radiotherapy installation of the national referral hospital in Indonesia that utilizes the National Health Insurance (JKN). Methods: A descriptive-analytical research design with a cross-sectional method was employed. Data were obtained from medical records and questionnaires containing the EORTC QLQ-C30 form to assess HRQoL, filled out through telephone interviews with cancer patients who had undergone radiotherapy at IPTOR RSUPN Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo from January 2022 to March 2023. An analysis was conducted to identify and understand the relationship between sociodemographic, clinical, and economic/economic burden characteristics with the HRQoL of cancer patients. Results: From the analysis of each independent variable, it was found that for global health, there is a statistically significant relationship (p>0.25) with age (p=0.166), gender (p=0.090), stage (p=0.111), monthly income (p=0.114), and COST FACIT score (p<0.001). For physical function, the relationship variables are KPS (p=0.089), OTT (p=0.048), income (p=0.146), and COST FACIT score (p<0.001). Meanwhile, emotional function related to age (p=0.081), gender (p=0.113), KPS (p=0.119), radiation indication (p=0.188), OTT (p=0.053), OOP (p=0.021), financial catastrophe (p=0.135), and COST FACIT score (p<0.001). The results of multivariate analysis with linear regression show that only the COST FACIT score has a p-value <0.05 from its linear regression analysis for global health (p<0.001 b=0.443 R2=18.8%), physical function (p<0.001 b=0.456 R2=20.1%), and emotional function (p<0.001 b=0.523 R2=34.6%). Conclusion: Financial toxicity is significantly related to assessing the HRQoL of cancer patients undergoing radiotherapy. Income, OOP, and financial catastrophe should also be considered and given attention when evaluating the HRQoL of cancer patients.

Abstrak :
Pendahuluan: Pada tahun 2021, penyakit kanker menggantikan stroke dan penyakit ginjal sebagai penyakit kedua penyebab klaim jaminan kesehatan nasional terbesar di Indonesia. Penelitian sebelumnya telah meneliti dampak determinan sosial kesehatan terhadap beban finansial kanker, namun tidak pada pasien kanker yang menjalani radioterapi. Tujuan: Mengetahui insidensi dan prediktor kebangkrutan finansial pasien kanker yang menjalani radioterapi dalam jaminan kesehatan nasional di pusat rujukan bervolume tinggi di Jakarta. Metode: Studi kohort campuran ini merekrut pasien pertama radioterapi pada Januari 2022-Maret 2023. Pasien diikuti sampai enam bulan setelah radioterapi. Analisis data dilakukan untuk mengidentifikasi kejadian dan prediktor kebangkrutan finansial, dengan kematian sebagai luaran kompetitor. Hasil: Total 115 pasien berhasil direkrut. Rerata usia peserta adalah 50 tahun dan 67% adalah perempuan. Enam bulan setelah radioterapi, 11,3% meninggal dan 36,5% mengalami kebangkrutan finansial. Prediktor kebangkrutan finansial yang teridentifikasi adalah pendidikan, pekerjaan, asal tempat tinggal, lokasi keganasan, dan indikasi radioterapi. Setelah menganggap variabel lain konstan, sektor informal dan tidak bekerja memiliki kemungkinan kebangkrutan finansial 99,45 kali (95% CI, 51,75–191,14) dan 36,93 kali (95% CI, 12,42–109,77) dari sektor formal. Indikasi adjuvan/neoadjuvan dan paliatif meningkatkan kemungkinan kebangkrutan finansial 17,65 kali (95% CI, 4,614–67,476) dan 22,54 kali (95% CI, 11,934–42,589). Setelah mempertimbangkan efek perancu usia dan transportasi, pengeluaran out of pocket tidak memprediksi kebangkrutan finansial dan kematian. Kesimpulan: Prediktor kebangkrutan finansial dalam penelitian ini berguna untuk pembuat kebijakan dalam intervensi beban keuangan pasien kanker di Indonesia. Rekomendasi pendekatan terbaik adalah intervensi populasi pasien sektor informal dan tidak bekerja, serta dengan indikasi radiasi adjuvan/neoadjuvan dan paliatif. ......Introduction: In 2021, cancer replaced stroke and kidney disease as the second largest cause of national health insurance claim in Indonesia. Previous research has examined the impact of social determinants of health on the financial burden of cancer, but not in cancer patients undergoing radiotherapy. Objectives: To determine the incidence and predictors of financial catastrophe in cancer patients undergoing radiotherapy within the setting of national health insurance at our high-volume cancer referral center in Jakarta. Methods: This mixed cohort study recruited patients first receiving radiotherapy within January 2022 to March 2023. Patients were followed up to six months after radiotherapy. Data analysis was conducted to identify incidence and predictors of financial catastrophe, considering death as a competing outcome. Results: A total of 115 patients were successfully recruited. The mean age of participants was 50 years and 67% were women. Six months after radiotherapy, 11.3% died and 36.5% experienced financial catastrophe. The identified predictors of financial catastrophe were education, employment, place of residence, cancer site, and radiotherapy indication. After holding other variables constant, the informal and unemployed sectors have 99.45 times (95% CI, 51.75–191.14) and 36.93 times (95% CI, 12.42–109.77) odds of financial catastrophe than the formal sector. Adjuvant/neoadjuvant and palliative indications increased the odds of financial bankruptcy by 17.65 times (95% CI, 4.614–67.476) and 22.54 times (95% CI, 11.934–42.589), respectively. After adjusting for confounders, out-of-pocket spending did not significantly predict financial catastrophe or mortality. Conclusions: The predictors of financial catastrophe identified in this study will be useful in informing policymakers to give an impactful intervention to reduce the overlooked financial burden for cancer patients in Indonesia. The recommended approach is intervention in the informal sector and non-working population, as well as those with adjuvant/neoadjuvant and palliative radiation.