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"Fords are frequently regarded as temporary crossings as it is expected that they will be replaced by permanent bridging in the near future. However, a properly constructed ford will be more effective than a poorly build bridge due to lack of funding. The main criterion for ford design in is the vertical alignment to meet the required safety and comfort in vehicle riding quality. Fords are most suitable for wide rivers with sort flooding PERIODS. This paper describes the principals for design and construction of gabion and concrete ford types. The case study evaluation of an actual ford construction compared to the costs of a semi-permanent Bailey bridge and cable-stayed foot-bridge, reveals that the gabion ford is the most economical and efficient solution."

"Kawat bronjong adalah kawat dengan struktur anyam yang terbuat dari baja galvanis. Penggunaan kawat bronjong sering diaplikasikan sebagai pondasi ataupun penahan anti korosi untuk mencegah bencana erosi, tanah longsor, dan abrasi. Adapun baja galvanis terdiri dari baja sebagai substrat yang dilindungi oleh lapisan pelindung seng. Akan tetapi performa lapisan seng dalam melindungi baja galvanis bergantung dari beberapa faktor, salah satunya kekasaran permukaan lapisan. Pada penelitian ini akan membahas pengaruh kekasaran permukaan lapisan seng terhadap ketahanan korosi. Variabel yang digunakan terdiri dari tiga sampel (BAL, BAI, dan BJ) dengan masingmasing bentuk heliks dan non-heliks Setiap sampel memiliki nilai kekasaran permukaan masing-masing yaitu BAL (2,185 μm); BAI (2,068 μm); dan BJ (2,775 μm). Proses ketahanan korosi menggunakan metode immersion test dengan larutan korosif HCl 1 M selama 21 hari. Hasil immersion test kemudian ditimbang dan dilakukan karakterisasi menggunakan mikroskop optik (OM) dan mikroskop elektron (SEM-EDS). Berdasarkan immersion test, sampel BJ dengan bentuk heliks menghasilkan laju korosi tertinggi. Kemudian kemampuan mekanis material sebelum dan setelah korosi mengalami perubahan dalam aspek kekerasan. Pengujian kekerasan menggunakan mesin microvickers dengan indentasi 25 gf dan waktu selama 10 detik. Berdasakan hasil kekerasan, didapatkan bahwa sampel BAI dengan kandungan seng tertinggi cenderung paling lunak. Di lain sisi, produk korosi yang terbentuk di permukaan tiap sampel menyebabkan material menjadi lebih keras dan brittle.

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Gabion wire is woven wire made of galvanized steel. It is often used as a foundation or corrosion-resistant barrier to prevent erosion, landslides, and abrasion. Galvanized steel consists of steel as the substrate protected by a zinc coating. However, the performance of the zinc coating in protecting the galvanized steel depends on several factors, one of which is the surface roughness of the coating. This study discusses the influence of zinc coating surface roughness on corrosion resistance. The variables used consist of three samples (BAL, BAI, and BJ) with each having both helical and non-helical forms. Each sample has a specific surface roughness: BAL (2.185 μm); BAI (2.068 μm); and BJ (2.775 μm). The corrosion resistance process uses the immersion test method with 1 M HCl corrosive solution for 21 days. The immersion test results were then weighed and characterized using Optical Microscopy (OM) and Scanning Electron Microscopy with Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (SEM-EDS). Based on the immersion test, sample BJ with a helical form showed the highest corrosion rate. Subsequently, the mechanical properties of the material before and after corrosion showed changes in hardness. The hardness test used a microvickers machine with a 25 gf indentation and a dwell time of 10 seconds. According to the hardness results, sample BAI, which had a highest zinc content, tended to be the softest. On the other hand, the corrosion products formed on the surface of each sample made the material harder and more brittle."