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"Latar Belakang. Anak dengan Spektrum Gangguan Autisme (SGA) seringkali mengalami gangguan gerak halus, yang dapat menimbulkan hambatan dalam melakukan aktivitas sehari-hari serta mengganggu performa sekolah. Hingga saat ini belum ada data mengenai prevalens maupun gambaran gangguan gerak halus pada anak SGA di Indonesia, termasuk dampaknya terhadap performa sekolah.Tujuan. Mengetahui prevalens gangguan gerak halus anak SGA, mengetahui gambaran gangguan gerak halus anak SGA, mengetahui dampak gangguan gerak halus terhadap performa sekolah anak SGA.Metode. Penelitian analitik potong lintang dilakukan sejak bulan Januari sampai Mei 2014. Subjek anak SGA didapatkan dari Klinik Anakku CMC Kayu Putih. Subjek pada kelompok kontrol dari sebuah sekolah swasta yang telah dilakukan matching usia dan jenis kelamin dengan kelompok SGA. Terhadap subjek penelitian dilakukan pemeriksaan keterampilan gerak halus dengan BOT-2 dan penilaian performa fungsional sekolah melalui pengisian kuesioner SFA oleh guru atau terapis.Hasil. Subjek penelitian pada kelompok SGA dan kelompok kontrol masing- masing berjumlah 43 anak. Prevalens gangguan gerak halus pada kelompok SGA sebesar 91%. Jumlah subjek pada kelompok SGA yang mengalami gangguan gerak halus pada komposit fine manual control dan manual coordination, serta subtes fine motor precision, fine motor integration, manual dexterity, dan upper- limb coordination lebih besar dibanding kelompok kontrol, dengan median skor kelompok SGA yang lebih rendah pada semua komposit/subtes dibandingkan dengan kelompok kontrol. Terdapat hubungan bermakna antara gangguan gerak halus kelompok SGA dengan performa fungsional sekolah.Simpulan. Prevalens gangguan gerak halus anak SGA pada penelitian ini adalah 91%. Gangguan gerak halus yang dialami anak SGA berdasarkan pemeriksaan dengan BOT-2 mencakup komposit fine manual control dan manual coordination, serta subtes fine motor precision, fine motor integration, manual dexterity, dan upper-limb coordination. Pada anak SGA, gangguan gerak halus berhubungan dengan gangguan pada performa fungsional sekolah.

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Background. Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) often have fine motor impairment, which may present barriers in performing their daily activities and interfere with their school performance. Until now there has been no data on the prevalence and description of fine motor impairment in children with ASD in Indonesia, including its impact on the children’s school performance.

Objective. To determine the prevalence of fine motor impairments in children with ASD, to provide the description of fine motor impairments in children with ASD, and to determine the impact of fine motor impairments on the school performance of children with ASD.

Method. A cross-sectional analytic study conducted from January to May 2014. Subjects were children with ASD from Klinik Anakku CMC Kayu Putih. Subjects in the control group were students from a private school matched by age and sex with the ASD group. Fine motor examination was performed using BOT-2 and assessment of school functional performance was conducted through SFA questionnaires filled by teachers or therapists.

Result. There were 43 subjects each on ASD and control groups. Prevalence of fine motor impairments in children with ASD in this study was 91%. The number of subjects in the ASD group having fine motor impairement on the fine manual control and manual coordination composites, as well as fine precision motors, motors fine integration, manual dexterity, and upper-limb coordination subtests are greater than the control group, with median score of all the composites/subtests lower on ASD group compared to that in the control group. There was a significant correlation between fine motor impairments in ASD children with their school function performance.

Result. Prevalence of fine motor impairments in children with ASD in this study was 91%. Fine motor impairments experienced by children with ASD based on examination using BOT-2 covers fine manual control and manual coordination composites, as well as fine precision motors, motors fine integration, manual dexterity, and upper-limb coordination subtests. In children with ASD, fine motor impairment was associated with disturbances in the school function performance."

"Latar BelakangTremor merupakan gangguan neurologis dengan prevalensi tinggi, tetapi masih sering terjadi misdiagnosis akibat kurangnya pengetahuan sejak masa mahasiswa kedokteran. Pengetahuan dapat dipengaruhi juga oleh tingkat pendidikan dan jenis kelamin. Penelitian terkait ini pada kalangan mahasiswa kedokteran di Indonesia masih terbatas.MetodePenelitian ini membuat kuesioner Indonesian Medical Students' Tremor Knowledge Questionnaire (IMSTK-Q) dan menguji validitas serta reliabilitasnya pada 80 mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Indonesia (FKUI) dengan Corrected- Item Total Correlation dan Cronbach’s Alpha. Kuesioner yang telah diuji disebar ke 184 mahasiswa FKUI pada Juni-Agustus 2024 untuk menilai pengetahuan tentang tremor. Perbedaan skor pengetahuan berdasarkan jenis kelamin dan tingkat pendidikan dianalisis menggunakan uji Independent T-test atau Mann-Whitney U test dan hubungan dengan tingkat pengetahuan diuji dengan Chi-Square atau Fisher’s exact test.HasilIMSTK-Q dianggap valid dan reliabel dengan Corrected-Item Total Correlation >0.3 dan Cronbach's α 0.834. Dari 184 mahasiswa, 83 (45.1%) memiliki tingkat pengetahuan yang cukup, 50 (27.2%) memiliki tingkat pengetahuan yang baik, 35 (19.0%) memiliki pengetahuan yang rendah, 8 (4.35%) memiliki pengetahuan yang baik sekali, dan 8 (4.35%) memiliki pengetahuan yang sangat rendah. Dari 63 (34.2%) mahasiswa laki-laki dan 121 (65.8%) mahasiswa perempuan, tidak ada perbedaan skor dan hubungan yang signifikan pada tingkat pengetahuan terhadap tremor (p=0.248). Perbedaan skor dan hubungan yang signifikan ditemukan pada 82 (44.6%) mahasiswa Klinik yang mendapatkan skor yang lebih tinggi daripada 102 (55.4%) mahasiswa Preklinik (p=0.000).KesimpulanKuesioner ini terbukti valid dan reliabel. Pengetahuan mahasiswa FKUI mengenai tremor tergolong cukup, dengan perbedaan yang signifikan antara mahasiswa Klinik dan Preklinik, tetapi tidak berdasarkan jenis kelamin.

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Introduction

Tremor is a neurological disorder with a high prevalence, but misdiagnosis still occurs frequently due to a lack of knowledge among doctors since medical school. Knowledge can also be influenced by education level and gender. Research on this topic among Indonesian medical students is still limited.

Method

This study developed the Indonesian Medical Students' Tremor Knowledge Questionnaire (IMSTK-Q) and tested its validity and reliability on 80 students from the Faculty of Medicine, University of Indonesia (FMUI), using Corrected-Item Total Correlation and Cronbach’s Alpha. The validated questionnaire was distributed to 184 FMUI students from June to August 2024 to assess their knowledge of tremor. Differences in knowledge scores based on gender and education level were analyzed using the Independent T-test or Mann-Whitney U test, while associations with knowledge levels were evaluated using the Chi-Square or Fisher’s exact test.

Results

IMSTK-Q was considered valid and reliable with Corrected-Item Total Correlation >0.3 and a Cronbach's α of 0.834. Out of 184 students, 83 (45.1%) had an adequate level of knowledge about tremor, 50 (27.2%) had good knowledge, 35 (19.0%) had a low knowledge, 8 (4.3%) had level of knowledge, and 8 (4.35%) had very low knowledge. From the 63 (34.2%) male students and 121 (65.8%) female students, no significant differences in scores or associations with knowledge levels were found (p=0.248). Significant differences were found among 82 (44.6%) clinical students who had better scores and knowledge levels compared to 102 (55.4%) preclinical students (p=0.000).

Conclusion

The questionnaire proved to be valid and reliable. FKUI students' knowledge of tremor is considered adequate, with significant differences between clinical and preclinical students but not between genders."