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"Perencanaan dan pengadaan fasilitas pembangkit listrik berikut fasilitas terminal LNG masih dilakukan terpisah. Dari sudut pandang teori, integrasi sistem pembangkit listrik dengan sistem regasifikasi pada terminal LNG masih belum optimal karena masih terdapat potensi pemanfaatan energi terbuang baik energi panas maupun energi dingin yang merupakan peluang perbaikan untuk meningkatkan efisiensi sistem keseluruhan. Integrasi sistem dapat dilakukan dengan memanfaatkan energi panas pada air pendingin mesin dan pada gas buang dari proses pembangkitan energi listrik, sekaligus memanfaatkan energi dingin dari proses regasifikasi LNG untuk mendinginkan air pendingin mesin. Melalui metode analisis teknis, simulasi rancangan dengan pemanfaatan energi panas dari mesin pembangkit dapat dilakukan pada LNG Vaporizer tipe shell and tube. Dari hasil simulasi teknis dapat diketahui dengan flow rate LNG sebesar 4 MMSCFD akan menghasilkan daya sebesar 17230 kW dengan efisiensi 35,2%, dimana efisiensi tersebut lebih tinggi apabila dibandingkan dengan efisiensi sistem yang tidak terintegrasi. Dalam analisis ekonomi pada pola pembebanan mesin pembangkit dengan faktor kapasitas 80% dan asumsi harga listrik yang digunakan sebesar cent US$ 12 /kWh, diperoleh nilai IRR 19,7% dimana nilai IRR tersebut lebih besar dari nilai WACC (7,49%) sehingga pengembangan disain integrasi sistem layak untuk dilakukan.

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Planning and procurement process of electricity generation facilities and LNG terminal facilities are still carried out separately. From a theoretical point of view, the integration of the power plant system with the regasification system at the LNG terminal is not optimal because there is still potential utilization of wasted energy both heat and cold energy which is an opportunity to improve overall system efficiency. System integration can be done by utilizing heat energy in engine cooling water and exhaust gas from the electricity generation process, while utilizing the cold energy from the LNG regasification process to decrease temperature of engine cooling water. Through a technical analysis method, design simulation with the utilization of heat energy from the gas engine can be carried out on the shell and tube type LNG Vaporizer.

The results of the technical simulation can be seen that the LNG flow rate of 4 MMSCFD will produce power of 17230 kW with an efficiency of 35.2%, where the efficiency is higher compared to the efficiency of a standalone system. In the economic analysis, base on loading profile of gas engine with a capacity factor of 80% and the assumption of the electricity price at cent US $ 12 / kWh, an IRR value of 19.7% was obtained where the IRR value was greater than the WACC value (7.49%), the result shows that development of system integration design is feasible."

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Industri sepeda motor merupakan salah satu pilar penting dalam sektor manufaktur Indonesia, dimana industri sepeda motor yang beroperasi di Indonesia mengalami peningkatan distribusi domestik sepeda motor rata-rata 17% per tahun. Pada industri sepeda motor, proses produksi tidak hanya proses perakitan kendaraan bermotor saja namun juga melakukan proses produksi beberapa komponen yang digunakan dalam kendaraan tersebut diantaranya proses die casting yaitu proses pembuatan komponen kendaraan dengan menggunakan teknik peleburan logam dengan suhu tinggi kemudian dituangkan ke dalam sebuah cetakan dan didinginkan untuk membentuk suatu benda seperti cetakan yang digunakan. Proses die casting diawali dengan tahap peleburan logam aluminium, dimana terjadi proses pembakaran bahan bakar menghasilkan 52-58% gas karbondioksida dan konsumsi energi sebesar 37% dari total keseluruhan emisi karbondioksida pada proses die casting. Pada penelitian ini dibahas mengenai penggantian bahan bakar solar menjadi gas alam dengan tujuan untuk mengurangi emisi karbon dioksida dan jumlah energi panas yang digunakan dari proses pembakaran bahan bakar. Dari hasil penelitian diperoleh emisi karbondioksida turun 954.270 kg/tahun atau 0,90 kg/produk die casting menjadi 675 kg/tahun atau 6,4x10^-4 kg/produk die casting. Selain itu dilakukan pula analisis secara keekonomian terkait perbandingan biaya investasi dan konsumsi gas alam menggunakan pipa dan CNG dengan solar. Dari hasil analisa diperoleh hasil bahwa NPV pada jangka waktu operasi selama 10 tahun terdapat selisih keuntungan sebesar 8% untuk penggunaan gas alam pipa dan 15% untuk penggunaan CNG apabila dibandingkan dengan penggunaan solar, sehingga penggunaan CNG dinilai lebih baik dibandingkan pada penggunaan gas alam pipa.

Kata kunci : die casting, emisi karbon dioksida, energi panas, gas alam, keekonomian, solar.

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Motorcycle industry is one of important industry in Indonesia, where is this industry increase their distribution to Indonesian people 17% average in a year.  Motorcycle industry not only produce motorcycle by assembling parts but also make production of some component part that used in motorcycle. One of component part production is die casting process. Die casting process is a process to made a part through metal smelting in high temperature then the liquid metal from smelting process poured into a casting and then cooling down until forming part like the casting. The beginning of die casting process is alumunium smelting, where in this process will cause a burning reaction of fuel and produce 52-58% carbon dioxide gas and 37% energy consume from all emission form in this process. In this research, disscussed about fuel change from diesel fuel to natural gas in alumunium die casting process to reduce carbon dioxcide gas emmission dan reduce energy consumption from burning reaction of diesel fuel. From simulation at this research, we got that carbon dioxide gas decrease from 954.270 kg/year atau 0,90 kg/die casting product to 675 kg/year atau 6,4x10^-4 kg/die casting product. Not only about that, this research also make a simulation about economic at natural gas pipeline and CNG investation and it will be compared with existing diesel fuel. From our analysis, NPV of natural gas pipeline 8% greater than diesel fuel NPV at 10 years operation and NPV of CNG 15% greater than diesel fuel NPV at the same time operation. So, the conclusion of this research is CNG is better than natural gas pipeline because it can give more profit to this industry.

 

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