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"ABSTRACTThis paper investigates the enviromental and economic impacts of introducing CO2 taxation on carbon-based fuels using a detailed disaggregation of energy-economy-enviromental CGE model for Indonesia. The carbon tax has yet to beimplemented in Indonesia. However, this instrument has been considered in the ministry of finance report as one of the goverment's fiscal strategic framework to finance the country's action plan in commitments to reduce the GHG emissions. Suppose that the goverment levies the tax of Rp.100,000/ton CO2e under two possible revenue-recycling scenarios: the carbon tax revenue is recycled troght a reduction of labour income tax rate or an incrase of goverment spending on commodities. For comparison purpose, we also implement the non-compensated scenario of which the additional revenue from carbon tax is kept as goverment savings to run budget surplus. Overall, the results suggested that the carbon tax reduces the national emissions but adding more cost to the economy, resulting a fall in GDP. in term of income distribution, the carbon tax tends to be progressive in bth scenarios of revenue-recycling. However, when there is no compensating mechanism, the carbon tax tends to be reggresive - the poorer houshols carry a higher share of the carbon tax burden."

"Penelitian ini menganalisis pengaruh kredit terhadap kesejahteraan rumah tangga yang dikepalai perempuan di Indonesia. Tesis ini menggunakan data Survei Sosial Ekonomi Nasional (SUSENAS) yang dilakukan pada tahun 2018, yang berisi sekitar 45.000 observasi terhadap kepala rumah tangga perempuan di Indonesia. Kesejahteraan di sini diukur dengan pengeluaran per kapita per bulan rumah tangga. Penelitian ini menggunakan Propensity Score Matching untuk menganalisis pengaruh rata-rata kredit terhadap pengeluaran dan mengendalikan faktor perancu seperti usia, pendidikan, lokasi, status perumahan, status perkawinan, status ibu rumah tangga, status pekerjaan, dan ukuran rumah tangga. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa pemberian kredit berpengaruh signifikan terhadap pengeluaran rumah tangga yang dikepalai perempuan.

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This study analyses credit's effect on female-headed household welfare in Indonesia. This thesis employed a dataset from the National Socio-economic Survey (SUSENAS) conducted in 2018, which contains approximately 45,000 observations of female-headed households in Indonesia. Welfare here is measured by expenditure per capita per month of the households. This study employed Propensity Score Matching to analyse the average effect of credit to expenditure while controlling confounding factors such as age, education, location, housing status, marriage status, housewife status, employment status, and household size. The result shows that the credit extension significantly affects the expenditure of female-headed households."

"Jawa merupakan sentra pertanian di Indonesia, namun rumah tangga usaha pertanian di Jawa belum sejahtera karena masih didominasi oleh rumah tangga petani dengan lahan minim. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi kesejahteraan rumah tangga usaha pertanian di Jawa menggunakan data Sensus Pertanian 2023. Studi ini menggunakan metode Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) dengan pendekatan cross-section untuk menguji pengaruh faktor tenurial, institusional, dan sosiodemografi terhadap kesejahteraan rumah tangga usaha pertanian. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa faktor tenurial, institusional, dan sosio-demografi signifikan terhadap kesejahteraan rumah tangga usaha pertanian melalui penurunan angka rumah tangga usaha pertanian lahan minim dengan arah beragam pada level tingkatan. Penelitian ini merekomendasikan pentingnya kebijakan yang lebih efektif dan terarah dalam mendukung akses lahan dan peran institusional untuk rumah tangga usaha pertanian di Jawa.

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Java is a key agricultural hub in Indonesia; however, agricultural households in Java remain vulnerable, as they are still predominantly characterized by minimal land ownership. This study aims to analyze the factors influencing the welfare of agricultural households in Java using data from the 2023 Agricultural Census. An Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) method with a cross-sectional approach was employed to examine the effects of tenurial, institutional, and sociodemographic factors on household welfare. The results show that tenurial, institutional, and sociodemographic factors significantly affect agricultural household welfare by reducing the prevalence of minimal land ownership, although the direction of influence varies across levels. This study emphasizes the importance of more effective and targeted policies to support land access and strengthen institutional roles for agricultural households in Java."