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"Hidrogen merupakan senyawa penting yang digunakan pada kilang minyak bumi terutama untuk menghasilkan produk dengan pengotor yang rendah dan kestabilan yang bagus. Hidrogen umumnya diproduksi oleh hydrogen plant melalui jalur steam reforming – shift converter – CO2 removal. Pada Major Turn Around (TA) yang dilakukan setiap 5 (lima) tahun sekali, penulis diberikan tugas oleh General Manager suatu kilang untuk menjadi Leader pada proyek ini, yang bertanggungjawab dalam proses penggantian katalis di unit Hydrogen Plant. Perbedaan material dan karakteristik pada tiap katalis, serta perbedaan desain reaktor menjadi tantangan tersendiri dalam melaksanakan penggantian katalis. Meskipun demikian, laporan ini berfokus pada upaya perbaikan proses reduksi katalis Low Temperature Shift Converter (LTSC) supaya memperoleh proses reduksi yang stabil dan minim gangguan. Beberapa kendala berdasarkan pengalaman pada proses reduksi sebelumnya berhasil diidentifikasi dan menghasilkan beberapa alternatif solusi antara lain: (a) once-through menggunakan gas alam, (b) recycle menggunakan nitrogen dan dedicated facility, serta (c) recycle menggunakan hidrogen eksternal sebagai gas pereduksi. Alternatif solusi (c) dipilih berdasarkan aspek efektivitas, biaya, dan dampak lingkungan. Penggunaan hidrogen eksternal berhasil memperbaiki proses reduksi menjadi lebih stabil dan minim gangguan yang dapat dilihat dari profil temperatur bed katalis dan tidak terjadinya temperature runaway. Selain itu, durasi reduksi dapat dipangkas dari sebelumnya 6 hari menjadi 3 hari. Dalam menjalankan praktik keinsinyuran tersebut, penulis berpedoman pada peraturan perusahaan antara lain: Tata Kerja Organisasi Penyusunan Hazard Identification & Risk Assessment (No. B07-012), Pedoman pemilihan jenis dan pengadaan katalis untuk kilang (No. A-002), Tata Kerja Penggunaan Alat untuk pelaksanaan unloading dan loading katalis LTSC (No. D04-31), dan Tata Kerja Penggunaan Alat untuk pelaksanaan reduksi katalis LTSC (No. D04-027).......Hydrogen is an important substance used in petroleum refineries, especially to produce products with low impurities and good stability. Hydrogen is generally produced by hydrogen plants through steam reforming – shift converter – CO2 removal pathways. On the Major Turn Around (TA) which is carried out every 5 (five) years, the author is given the task by General Manager of a refinery to become Leader of this project which is responsible for the catalyst replacement process in Hydrogen Plant unit. Differences in materials and characteristics of each catalyst, as well as differences in reactor design, become challenges in implementing catalyst replacement. However, this report focuses on efforts to improve the Low Temperature Shift Converter (LTSC) catalyst reduction process, in order to obtain a stable reduction process with minimal disruption. Several obstacles based on experience in previous reduction processes were identified and resulted in several alternative solutions, including: (a) once-through using natural gas, (b) recycling using nitrogen and a dedicated facility, and (c) recycling using external hydrogen as a reducing gas. Alternative solution (c) is selected based on aspects of effectiveness, cost, and environmental impact. The use of external hydrogen succeeded in improving the reduction process to be more stable and with minimal disturbance which can be seen from the temperature profile of the catalyst bed and the absence of temperature runaway. In addition, the reduction duration can be cut from the previous 6 days to 3 days. The author is guided by company regulations in carrying out these engineering practices, including: Work Procedures for preparation of hazard identification & risk assessment (No. B07-012), Guidelines for selecting the type and procurement of catalysts for refineries (No. A-002), Work Procedures for carrying out unloading and loading of LTSC catalysts (No. D04-31), and Procedure for carrying out LTSC catalyst reduction (No. D04-027)."

"Pengembangan terhadap energi hidrogen tengah tumbuh pesat belakangan ini karena sumber energi hijau menjadi jauh lebih penting di berbagai industri dan mampu menggantikan natural gas dimasa mendatang. Negara - negara di berbagai belahan dunia telah mulai mengembangkan energi hidrogen secara masif seperti Jepang, Korea, Italia, Spanyol, Arab Saudi, Cina, Turki dan Maroko dengan metoda elektrolisis dari sumber energi terbarukan dengan biaya produksi yang cukup kompetitif. Biaya produksi hidrogen yang telah dikembangkan dengan metoda elektrolisis ini di Turki USD 3,1 $/kgH2, Korea Selatan USD 7,72 $/kgH2, Italy 6,9 €/kgH2, Arab Saudi 43,1 $/kgH2 dan Maroko 4,99 $/kgH2. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan penelitian pengembangan produksi green hydrogen di Indonesia dengan metoda elektrolisis dari floating solar photovoltaic di Waduk Cirata. Metoda penelitian dimulai dengan pemilihan teknologi green hydrogen plant dengan membandingkan spesifikasi elektroliser yang tersedia dipasaran melalui skema “scoring”. Selanjutnya dilakukan analisa keekonomian melalui tiga skema excess power yaitu 20%, 30% dan 40% dari energi listrik yang tersedia pada floating solar photovoltaic. Analisa keekonomian dilakukan dengan menghitung nilai Net Present Value (NPV), Internal Rate Return (IRR) dan Payback Period. Teknologi yang dipilih berdasarkan hasil scoring adalah PEM Electroliser dengan nilai scoring 8,32. Analisa keekonomian pengembangan green hydrogen plant yang paling optimum adalah skema excess power 40% dengan nilai NPV sebesar USD 74.152.302, IRR 18,92% dan Payback Period selama 4,76 tahun (4 tahun 10 bulan).......The development of hydrogen energy is growing rapidly in recent years as green energy sources have become much more important in various industries and can replace natural gas in the future. Countries in various parts of the world have started to develop hydrogen energy massively such as Japan, Korea, Italy, Spain, Saudi Arabia, China, Turkey and Morocco by using electrolysis method to produce hydrogen from renewable energy sources with competitive production costs. The cost of producing hydrogen which has been developed by the electrolysis method in Turkey USD 3.1 $/kgH2, South Korea USD 7.72 $/kgH2, Italy 6.9 €/kgH2, Saudi Arabia 43.1 $/kgH2 and Morocco 4.99 $/ kgH2. Therefore, it is necessary to research the development of green hydrogen production in Indonesia using the electrolysis method from floating solar photovoltaic in the Cirata Reservoir. The research method was carried out by selecting green hydrogen plant technology by comparing the specifications of the electrolyzer available in the market through a "scoring" scheme. Furthermore, an economic analysis is carried out through three excess power schemes, namely 20%, 30% and 40% of the electrical energy available in floating solar photovoltaic. Economic analysis is done by calculating the value of Net Present Value (NPV), Internal Rate Return (IRR) and Payback Period. The technology chosen based on the scoring results is PEM Electroliser with a scoring value of 8.32. The most optimum economic analysis of green hydrogen plant development is the 40% excess power scheme with an NPV value of USD 74,152,302, IRR 18.92% and a Payback Period of 4.76 years (4 years 10 months)."