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Abstrak :
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan gambaran keluhan subyektif akibat pajanan tekanan panas pada pekerja kebersihan PT X mitra kerja PT Indonesia Power Unit Bisnis Pembangkit Suralaya (PT IP Suralaya) tahun 2014. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode cross sectional dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 22 orang. Data primer dikumpulkan dengan melakukan pengukuran iklim kerja, pengukuran berat badan dan tinggi badan serta penyebaran kuesioner. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa enam keluhan dirasakan oleh >50% responden yaitu banyak mengeluarkan keringat (100%), merasa cepat haus (90,9%), kulit terasa panas (86,4%), lemas (63,6%), merasa cepat lelah (59,1%) dan merasa tidak nyaman dalam bekerja (59,1%) serta sebanyak 13 (59,1%) responden mengalami kejadian tekanan panas. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan berbagai upaya pengendalian bagi PT IP Suralaya yaitu memperbaiki exhaust di Mezanine unit 5 dan 7, meningkatkan pengawasan secara berkala, melakukan komunikasi dan promosi bahaya tekanan panas serta melakukan pengukuran iklim kerja secara rutin. Sedangkan bagi PT X yaitu memastikan air minum selalu tersedia, menyediakan air minum bersuhu antara 10°C-15°C dan rotasi pekerja yang berusia ≥40 tahun serta saran bagi pekerja PT X yaitu mengganti konsumsi kopi sesaat sebelum memulai bekerja dengan konsumsi 2 gelas air mineral dan 1 gelas air mineral setiap 15-20 menit sekali ketika bekerja di tempat panas. ...... The objective of the study is to describe the overview of subjective complaints due to heat stress exposure felt by cleaning service of PT X partner of PT Indonesia Power Suralaya Generating Business Unit (PT IP Suralaya) in 2014. This study used a cross-sectional method which samples are 22 people. Primary data were collected by measuring work climate, measurement of sample's weight and height, as well as questionnaires. The study showed that six complaints that felt by >50% are sweating (100%), feeling thirsty gradually (90.9%), skin feels hot (86.4%), feeling tired (59.1%), and feel uncomfortable while working (59.1%) and 13 respondents (59.1 %) experience heat stress. Therefore, some controls that can be undertaken by PT IP Suralaya are fix the exhaust in Mezanine unit 5 and 7, increased periodic inspections, hazard communication programs and measurements of work climate. Other controls that can be undertaken by PT X are ensure the availability of drink water, provide drink water which temperature between 10°C-15°C, and rotating worker. Besides, the workers should avoid the consumption of coffee immediately before start working, as well as drink 2 glasses and a glass of mineral water every 15-20 minutes while working in hot areas.

Abstrak :
Pendahuluan : Pekerja laboratorium teknik gigi memiliki risiko mengalami gangguan sistem respirasi yang dapat mengakibatkan gangguan fungsi paru akibat pajanan metil metakrilat (MMA). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kadar MMA di lingkungan laboratorium teknik gigi di DKI Jakarta dan Kotamadya Tangerang, risiko pajanannya terhadap keluhan respirasi dan gangguan fungsi paru, serta hubungannya dengan faktor individu dan pekerjaan. Metode : Desain penelitian cross sectional melibatkan 69 pekerja laboratorium teknik gigi dari 4 laboratorium. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan wawancara, pengamatan, pengukuran kadar MMA lingkungan dan pemeriksaan spirometri. Hasil : Kadar MMA pada 4 laboratorium teknik gigi adalah 0,26 ? 5,72 ppm, jauh di bawah Nilai Ambang Batas. Ditemukan hubungan bermakna ketersediaan ventilasi personal dengan kadar MMA (p <0,05). Prevalensi keluhan subyektif respirasi 39,1 %, dengan faktor yang berhubungan adalah kadar MMA >0,5 ppm (OR = 4,90, 95% CI: 1,49 ? 16,14) dan masa kerja >10 tahun (OR = 0,14, 95% CI: 0,03 ? 0,61). Prevalensi gangguan fungsi paru 44,9 %, seluruhnya restriktif. Faktor yang berhubungan dengan gangguan fungsi paru adalah kebiasaan merokok (OR = 3,94, 95% CI: 1,22 ? 12,76) dan kadar MMA >0,5 ppm (OR = 3,29, 95% CI: 1,01 ? 10,80). Kesimpulan : Kadar MMA >0,5 ppm memberikan risiko 4,9 kali lebih besar timbulnya keluhan subyektif respirasi pada pekerja. Kadar tersebut juga memberikan risiko 3,29 kali lebih besar timbulnya gangguan fungsi paru pada pekerja. Pekerja yang sudah bekerja >10 tahun menurunkan kemungkinan timbulnya keluhan subyektif respirasi sebesar 86 %. Efek ini diperkirakan akibat timbulnya toleransi pekerja terhadap keluhan subyektif seiring dengan waktu. Pekerja yang merokok memiliki risiko 3,94 kali lebih besar mengalami gangguan fungsi paru.

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Background : Dental laboratory workers are at risk of respiratory symptom and pulmonary function disorder,due to exposure to methyl methacrylate (MMA). The objective of this study is to know the level of MMA at dental laboratories at DKI Jakarta and Kotamadya Tangerang, the risk of its exposure toward respiratory symptom and pulmonary function disorder among dental laboratory worker, and its association with individual and occupational factors. Method : This is a cross sectional study involving 69 dental laboratory workers from 4 laboratories. Data were collected through interview, observation, environmental MMA measurement and lung function examination by spirometer. Result : MMA levels in 4 dental laboratories were 0.26 ? 5.72 ppm, well below Treshold Limit Value. The prevalence of respiratory symptom was 39.1 %, with associated factors are MMA level >0.5 ppm (OR = 4.90, 95% CI: 1.49 ? 16.14) and working period of >10 years (OR = 0.14, 95% CI: 0.03 ? 0.61). The prevalence of pulmonary function disorder was 44.9 %, all of them restrictive. Factors associated with pulmonary function disorder were smoking habit (OR = 3.94, 95% CI: 1.22 ? 12.76) and MMA level >0.5 ppm (OR = 3.29, 95% CI: 1.01 ? 10.80). Conclusion : MMA level of >0.5 ppm pose a 4.9 times greater risk of respiratory symptom among workers. That level also poses a risk 3.29 times greater of pulmonary function disorder among workers. Workers with >10 years length of service decreased their possibility of respiratory symptom by 86%. This effect is probably due to tolerance the workers develop towards the subjective symptoms. Smoking workers have a risk 3.94 times greater for pulmonary function disorder.