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"ABSTRAK<>br>Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor seperti keuntungan, kekurangan, tantangan, dan motivasi-motivasi dari berbagai aspek dan jenis kombinasi bisnis, merger dan akuisisi yang perlu dipertimbangkan dan dicermati dalam penentuan kebijakan arah dan strategi, pengambilan keputusan, penerapan, serta pengawasan dalam kombinasi bisnis, merger dan akuisisi yang mempengaruhi tingkat keberhasilan kombinasi bisnis, merger, dan akuisisi serta keberlanjutan bisnis. Dari aspek motivasi, terdapat motivasi umum dan motivasi spesifik dari kombinasi bisnis, merger dan akuisisi serta jenis motivasi dilihat dari sisi individu baik motivasi individu selaku manajemen, pembeli, maupun penjual, motivasi organisasi, dan motivasi industri. Tiap jenis kombinasi bisnis memiliki keuntungan, kekurangan, tantangan yang berbeda, menyebabkan perlu pemilihan jenis kombinasi bisnis dan strategi yang sesuai dengan kondisi serta kebutuhan untuk mengembangkan bisnis. PSAK 22 Penyesuaian 2015 : Kombinasi Bisnis IAI, 2017 menjadi pedoman ketentuan dalam pengakuan, pengukuran, pengungkapan, dan pencatatan akuntansi untuk kombinasi bisnis.

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ABSTRACT<>br>The purpose of this literature review purpose is to provide knowledge about factors such as advantages, disadvantages, challenges, and motivations of various aspects and types of business combinations, mergers and acquisitions that need to be considered and scrutinized in the determination of direction and strategy policy, decision making, implementation, and supervision in business combinations, mergers and acquisitions that affect the success rate of business combinations, mergers and acquisitions as well as business sustainability. From the motivation aspect, there is general motivation and specific motivation from business combination, merger and acquisition, and type of motivation seen from individual aspect either individual motivation as management, buyer, seller, also organizational motivation, and industry motivation. Each type of business combination has distinct advantages, disadvantages, challenges, which leads to the selection of a combination of businesses and strategies that match the conditions and need to grow the business. PSAK 22 Penyesuaian 2015 Kombinasi Bisnis IAI, 2017 provides guidance on recognition, measurement, disclosure, and accounting records for business combinations, mergers and acquisitions."

"Tren restukturisasi usaha atau disebut sebagai Kombinasi Bisnis dalam istilah akuntansi menjadi salah satu strategi bisnis yang menarik bagi perusahaan digital dalam mengambil tindakan reformasi untuk menunjang keberlangsungan usahanya. Penelitian ini membahas implementasi kebijakan penggunaan nilai buku pada kombinasi bisnis dan pertimbangan pajak di perusahaan digital, khususnya PT X Tbk. Tujuannya adalah menganalisis latar belakang perubahan kebijakan, implementasi kebijakan penggunaan nilai buku, dan motif pajak pada kombinasi bisnis. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan paradigma post-positivist, melalui wawancara mendalam kepada Direktorat Jenderal Pajak (DJP), Badan Kebijakan Fiskal, Akademisi, Praktisi, Asosiasi, serta PT X Tbk dan studi literatur. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perubahan kebijakan penggunaan nilai buku pada PMK No 56/PMK.010/2021 merupakan upaya pemerintah dalam mendukung perkembangan industri bisnis dan meningkatkan penerimaan negara. Untuk implementasi kebijakan ini dinilai memadai dalam hal produktivitas, linearitas, dan efisiensi, meski masih ada catatan terkait informasi dan kepastian kebijakan. Kemudian, atas motif pertimbangan pajak dari penggunaan metode nilai pasar dan nilai buku hanya bergantung pada strategi dan kemampuan dari Wajib Pajak dalam menjalankan keputusan yang diambil untuk mendukung aksi kombinasi bisnis yang dilakukannya. Berdasarkan hasil analisis atas kasus pada PT X Tbk menunjukkan bahwa perusahaan menggunakan metode nilai pasar dan tidak memanfaatkan kebijakan nilai buku sesuai PMK No 56/PMK.010/2021 dalam pencatatan untuk perpajakan. Sementara itu, saran yang dapat disampaikan adalah DJP perlu menerbitkan sebuah ketentuan standar minimal yang mencakup kepastian terhadap ketentuan atas business purpose test dan mempersiapkan diri dalam menghadapi tren masa depan, dalam mengantisipasi perkembangan restrukturisasi usaha pada industri bisnis, baik perusahaan digital maupun perusahaan konvensional.

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The trend of business restructuring or referred to as Business Combinations in accounting terms is an attractive business strategy for digital companies in taking reform actions to support the sustainability of their businesses. This research discusses the implementation of the policy of using book value in business combinations and tax considerations in digital companies, especially PT X Tbk. The aim is to analyze the background to policy changes, implementation of policies on the use of book value, and tax motives for business combinations. This research uses a qualitative approach with a post-positivist paradigm, through in-depth interviews with the Directorate General of Taxes (DJP), Fiscal Policy Agency, Academics, Practitioners, Associations, PT X Tbk and literature studies. The research results show that this policy change is related to the government's efforts to support the development of the business industry and increase state revenues. Implementation of this policy is considered adequate in terms of productivity, linearity and efficiency, although there are still notes regarding information and policy certainty. Then, the motive for tax considerations from using the market value and book value methods only depends on the strategy and ability of the Taxpayer in carrying out the decisions taken to support the business combination action. Based on the results of the analysis of cases in PT X Tbk, it shows that the company uses the market value method and does not utilize the book value policy in accordance with PMK No. 56/PMK.010/2021 in recording for taxation. Meanwhile, the advice that can be conveyed is that the DJP needs to issue a minimum standard provision that includes certainty regarding the provisions regarding the business purpose test and prepares itself to face future trends, in anticipating developments in business restructuring in the business industry, both digital companies and conventional companies."

"Laporan magang ini menyajikan gambaran komprehensif mengenai kegiatan magang di KAP IKN, yang berfokus pada evaluasi praktik penyajian laporan keuangan PT BSI pasca-kombinasi bisnis. Evaluasi mencakup tujuan, metode peninjauan perhitungan, aspek tata bahasa, format penulisan, serta penyajian kembali laporan sesuai teori dan PSAK 338 (2022): Kombinasi Bisnis Entitas Sepengendali. Hasil evaluasi menunjukkan bahwa praktik penyajian laporan keuangan PT BSI setelah kombinasi bisnis dan prosedur peninjauan oleh KAP IKN telah sesuai dengan teori dan standar yang berlaku. Laporan magang ini juga membahas analisis refleksi diri atas pengalaman yang diperoleh selama magang di KAP IKN.

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This internship report presents a comprehensive overview of internship activities at KAP IKN, which focuses on evaluating the practice of presenting PT BSI's financial reports post-business combination. The evaluation includes objectives, calculation review methods, grammatical aspects, writing format, and restatement of the report in accordance with theory and PSAK 338 (2022): Business Combinations of Entities Under Common Control. The findings indicate that the presentation practices of PT BSI's financial statements post-business combination and the review procedures by KAP IKN comply with the relevant theories and standards. Additionally, this report includes a self-reflective analysis of the experiences gained during the internship at KAP IKN."

"Laporan magang ini membahas aspek kombinasi bisnis, serta dampak kombinasi bisnis tersebut terhadap perlakuan akuntansi dan prosedur audit yang dijalankan KAP ABC atas PT. BMV yang akan menghadapi merger. Prosedur audit dijalankan berdasarkan PSA, ISA, serta panduan audit ABC. Pembahasan pada laporan magang ini dimulai dari identifikasi kombinasi bisnis, perlakuan akuntansi, serta prosedur audit secara keseluruhan dari tahap perencanaan hingga finalisasi. Laporan magang ini meyimpulkan bahwa kombinasi bisnis dilakukan dalam bentuk statutory merger, perlakuan akuntansi dengan menggunakan basis likuidasi. Serta terdapat prosedur audit tambahan pada tahap perencanaan, eksekusi, hingga finalisasi akibat penggunaan basis likuidasi.

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This internship report discusses business combination aspect, along with its impact on the accounting treatment and audit procedures conducted by KAP ABC on PT. BMV which is going to confront merger. Audit procedure is conducted based on PSA, ISA, and ABC Audit Guide. The discussion of this internship report begins with business combination idnetification, accounting treatment, and whole audit procedures from planning to finalization. This internship report concludes that business combination is done under statutory merger form, liquidation basis usage of accounting treatment, and additional audit procedures from planning, execute, and finalization which is caused by the liqudation basis usage."

"Laporan magang ini menyajikan gambaran komprehensif mengenai kegiatan magang di KAP IKN, yang berfokus pada evaluasi praktik penyajian laporan keuangan PT BSI pasca-kombinasi bisnis. Evaluasi mencakup tujuan, metode peninjauan perhitungan, aspek tata bahasa, format penulisan, serta penyajian kembali laporan sesuai teori dan PSAK 338 (2022): Kombinasi Bisnis Entitas Sepengendali. Hasil evaluasi menunjukkan bahwa praktik penyajian laporan keuangan PT BSI setelah kombinasi bisnis dan prosedur peninjauan oleh KAP IKN telah sesuai dengan teori dan standar yang berlaku. Laporan magang ini juga membahas analisis refleksi diri atas pengalaman yang diperoleh selama magang di KAP IKN.

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This internship report presents a comprehensive overview of internship activities at KAP IKN, which focuses on evaluating the practice of presenting PT BSI's financial reports post-business combination. The evaluation includes objectives, calculation review methods, grammatical aspects, writing format, and restatement of the report in accordance with theory and PSAK 338 (2022): Business Combinations of Entities Under Common Control. The findings indicate that the presentation practices of PT BSI's financial statements post-business combination and the review procedures by KAP IKN comply with the relevant theories and standards. Additionally, this report includes a self-reflective analysis of the experiences gained during the internship at KAP IKN."

"[ABSTRACTThe Japanese company Mitsui and Tomen made a foreign direct investment in PT PupukKaltim site in Bontang, East Kalimantan. The foreign direct investment form is build,operate, and transfer (BOT). On 2013, PT Pupuk Kaltim acquired PT KPA plant (fixedassets). This thesis aims to differentiate whether the acquisition is fixed asset acquisition orbusiness combination. There are different views, where by PT Pupuk Kaltim believes theacquisition of PT KPA is a purchase of fixed asset (Pernyataan Standar Akuntansi Keuangan(PSAK) 16) and the auditor believes that the acquisition is a form of business combination(Pernyataan Standar Akuntansi Keuangan (PSAK) 22). It proves that the acquisition is a formof business combination because the raw materials, labor and market were ready when PTPupuk Kaltim acquired the plant. From the business combination acquisition, there areintangible assets that arise. It proves that intangible assets that arise in the acquisition of PTKPA by PT Pupuk Kaltim is essential where it gives opportunity towards PT Pupuk Kaltim togenerate future profit.;The Japanese company Mitsui and Tomen made a foreign direct investment in PT Pupuk Kaltim site in Bontang East Kalimantan The foreign direct investment form is build operate and transfer BOT On 2013 PT Pupuk Kaltim acquired PT KPA plant fixed assets This thesis aims to differentiate whether the acquisition is fixed asset acquisition or business combination There are different views where by PT Pupuk Kaltim believes the acquisition of PT KPA is a purchase of fixed asset Pernyataan Standar Akuntansi Keuangan PSAK 16 and the auditor believes that the acquisition is a form of business combination Pernyataan Standar Akuntansi Keuangan PSAK 22 It proves that the acquisition is a form of business combination because the raw materials labor and market were ready when PT Pupuk Kaltim acquired the plant From the business combination acquisition there are intangible assets that arise It proves that intangible assets that arise in the acquisition of PT KPA by PT Pupuk Kaltim is essential where it gives opportunity towards PT Pupuk Kaltim to generate future profit ;The Japanese company Mitsui and Tomen made a foreign direct investment in PT Pupuk Kaltim site in Bontang East Kalimantan The foreign direct investment form is build operate and transfer BOT On 2013 PT Pupuk Kaltim acquired PT KPA plant fixed assets This thesis aims to differentiate whether the acquisition is fixed asset acquisition or business combination There are different views where by PT Pupuk Kaltim believes the acquisition of PT KPA is a purchase of fixed asset Pernyataan Standar Akuntansi Keuangan PSAK 16 and the auditor believes that the acquisition is a form of business combination Pernyataan Standar Akuntansi Keuangan PSAK 22 It proves that the acquisition is a form of business combination because the raw materials labor and market were ready when PT Pupuk Kaltim acquired the plant From the business combination acquisition there are intangible assets that arise It proves that intangible assets that arise in the acquisition of PT KPA by PT Pupuk Kaltim is essential where it gives opportunity towards PT Pupuk Kaltim to generate future profit , The Japanese company Mitsui and Tomen made a foreign direct investment in PT Pupuk Kaltim site in Bontang East Kalimantan The foreign direct investment form is build operate and transfer BOT On 2013 PT Pupuk Kaltim acquired PT KPA plant fixed assets This thesis aims to differentiate whether the acquisition is fixed asset acquisition or business combination There are different views where by PT Pupuk Kaltim believes the acquisition of PT KPA is a purchase of fixed asset Pernyataan Standar Akuntansi Keuangan PSAK 16 and the auditor believes that the acquisition is a form of business combination Pernyataan Standar Akuntansi Keuangan PSAK 22 It proves that the acquisition is a form of business combination because the raw materials labor and market were ready when PT Pupuk Kaltim acquired the plant From the business combination acquisition there are intangible assets that arise It proves that intangible assets that arise in the acquisition of PT KPA by PT Pupuk Kaltim is essential where it gives opportunity towards PT Pupuk Kaltim to generate future profit ]"

"Skripsi ini berisi tentang bagaimana dampak secara akuntansi terkait pengakuan, pengukuran, penyajian, pengungkapan dan dampak secara perpajakan apabila menggunakan PSAK 38 Revisi 2012 dan PSAK 22 Revisi 2010. Dalam transaksi akuisisi tersebut, terjadi tukar menukar saham dimana PT WW menerbitkan saham kepada pemegang saham entitas anaknya dan pemegang saham tersebut memberikan imbalan berupa investasi sahamnya pada entitas anak tersebut. Sehingga sebagai konsekuensinya PT WW mengakuisisi entitas anak yang sebelumnya sudah dimiliki dengan kepemilikan 20% menjadi kepemilikan 99%. Perbandingan dampak akuntansi antara PSAK 38 dan PSAK 22 terlihat pada laporan laba ruginya dimana dengan menggunakan PSAK 22 laba perusahaan meningkat drastis akibat adanya keuntungan yang diakui karena pembelian dengan diskon. Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah ruang lingkup PSAK 38 tidak mencakup atas transaksi tanpa perubahan substansi ekonomi ini, sehingga PSAK 22 Akuisisi Terbalik lebih cenderung mencerminkan transaksi tersebut walau PT WW tidak dapat diklasifikasikan sebagai sebuah bisnis.

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The objective of this study focuses on how accounting impact related to the recognition, measurement, presentation, disclosure and taxation impacts when using PSAK 38 revised 2012 and PSAK 22 revised 2010. In this acquisition transaction, there is exchange of shares which the company WW issue shares to the shareholders of its subsidiaries and shareholders shall provide compensation in the form of investment shares in the subsidiaries. And consequently, PT WW acquired subsidiaries previously owned by the ownership of 20% to 99% ownership. The comparisons between the accounting impact of PSAK 38 and PSAK 22 shown on the profit or loss, where under PSAK 22, the company's profit has increased dramatically due to the gain recognized for purchase at a discount. It is concluded that the scope of PSAK 38 does not include transactions with no changes in economic substance like this transaction, so the PSAK 22 Reverse Acquisition more likely to reflect the transaction even though PT WW cannot be classified as a business."

"Laporan magang ini membahas mengenai prosedur audit uji substantif KAP AWD atas transaksi kombinasi bisnis entitas sepengendali pada PT BTR, sebuah perusahaan jual- beli alat berat dan suku cadangnya, di tahun 2022. Fokus dari pembahasan pada laporan magang ini adalah menganalisis kesesuaian antara praktik prosedur audit yang telah dilaksanakan dengan standar audit (SA) yang berlaku. Praktik prosedur audit yang dianalisis terbatas pada salah satu tahap audit uji substantif yakni, test of details. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa prosedur test of details yang telah dilakukan KAP AWD atas transaksi kombinasi bisnis sepengendali di tahun 2022 telah sesuai dengan standar audit yang berlaku.

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This internship report aims to evaluate the audit procedure for the substantive test of KAP AWD on the business combination under common control transactions at PT BTR, a trading company which sell heavy equipments and its spareparts, in 2022. The focus of the discussion in this internship report is to evaluate the compatibility between the practice of audit procedures that have been implemented by KAP AWD with applicable auditing standards. The evaluation is limited to the audit substantive procedures, test of details, analysis results. Based on the analysis made, the test of details carried out by AWD KAP on Business Combination under common control transactions in 2022 has been done appropriately according to the applicable audit standards."