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Abstrak :
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh krisis pandemi Covid-19 (The Great Lockdown) dan status kepemilikan bank terhadap pertumbuhan kreditnya. Kredit dalam penelitian ini dispesifikasi berdasarkan jenis tujuan penggunaannya, yang mencakup kredit modal kerja, kredit investasi, dan kredit konsumsi. Dengan menggunakan sampel 75 bank komersial di Indonesia periode 2019-2020, penelitian ini menggunakan metode regresi panel untuk menguji hipotesis. Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa terdapat penurunan pertumbuhan yang signifikan pada kredit total perbankan Indonesia saat periode pandemi Covid-19. Jika ditinjau lebih spesifik berdasarkan jenis kredit, kredit konsumsi didapati menurun signifikan selama pandemi, sedangkan kredit modal kerja dan kredit investasi pertumbuhannya menurun namun tidak signifikan. Penelitian ini juga menemukan bahwa terdapat perbedaan signifikan antara kepemilikan bank asing terhadap pertumbuhan kredit, spesifiknya pertumbuhan total kredit, pertumbuhan kredit modal kerja, dan pertumbuhan kredit konsumsi. Dalam hal ini, pertumbuhan kredit bank asing lebih rendah dibandingkan bank domestik untuk ketiga kategori kredit tersebut. Namun di sisi lain, penelitian ini tidak mendapati perbedaan yang signifikan antara bank asing dan bank domestik dalam hal pertumbuhan kredit investasi. ......This study aims to analyze the effect of the Covid-19 pandemic crisis (The Great Lockdown) and bank ownership status on its credit growth. Credit in this study is specified based on the type of purpose for which it is used, which includes the working capital, investment, and consumption credit. Using a sample of 75 commercial banks in Indonesia for the period of 2019-2020, this study uses the panel regression method to test the hypothesis. This study finds that there is a significant decline of total credit growth during the Covid-19 pandemic period. More specifically, consumption credit growth declines significantly during pandemic, while working capital and investment credit growth also decline but insignificant. This study also finds that there is a significant difference between foreign bank ownership and credit growth, specifically for the total credit, working capital, and consumption credit growth. In this regard, foreign bank credit growth is lower than that of domestic banks for those three types of credit categories. However, on the other hand, this study doesn’t find a significant difference between foreign and domestic banks as for the investment credit growth.

Abstrak :
Wacana Pandemi Covid-19 mengilhami pengarang untuk merefleksikannya ke dalam bentuk karya sastra. Cerpen “Simuladistopiakoronakra” karya Seno Gumira Ajidarma hadir sebagai kritik sosial di tengah kondisi pandemi ini. Cerpen itu menghadirkan tema dunia distopia dan simulakra, serta hiperrealitas yang relatif baru dan menarik dalam khazanah kesusastraan Indonesia. Tulisan ini bertujuan menguraikan gambaran narasi distopia yang dibangun oleh pengarang, serta membedah fakta dan citra yang membentuk realitas simulakra dan hiperrealitas masa depan dunia yang distopik. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan posmodernisme sastra melalui teori distopia Tom Moylan dan simulakra serta hiperrealitas Jean Baudrillard. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskriptif-analitis (kualitatif) melalui studi pustaka. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dunia distopia dalam cerpen “Simuladistopiakoronakra” dicirikan dengan hadirnya elemen puitika distopia, perkembangan sains dan teknologi yang ekstrem, serta narasi wacana politik yang memengaruhi terciptanya dunia distopia. Dunia distopia cenderung destruktif dan penggambarannya suram serta pesimistik. Sementara itu, simulakra hadir dalam narasi pengabaian otoritas kekuasaan terhadap kehadiran Covid-19, narasi kebodohan manusia, dan narasi citra kekuasaan. Hiperrealitas hadir dalam narasi kekuasaan yang lewah dan ekstremitas teknologi persilangan antara manusia dan hewan. Simulakra dan hiperrealitas yang berkelindan dalam cerpen, menciptakan kondisi dehumanisasi yang mendorong terjadinya dunia distopia. ......The discourse of the Covid-19 pandemic has inspired authors to reflect on it in the form of literary works. The short story “Simuladistopiakoronakra” by Seno Gumira Ajidarma is present as a social critique amid this pandemic condition. The short story presents the theme of the world of dystopia and simulacra, as well as hyperreality that is relatively new and interesting in Indonesian literary treasures. This paper aims to describe the description of the dystopian narrative built by the author, as well as to dissect the facts and images that form the simulacra reality and the future hyperreality of the dystopic world. This study uses a postmodern literary approach through Tom Moylan's dystopia theory and the simulacra as well as Jean Baudrillard's hyperreality. The research method used is descriptive- analytical (qualitative) through literature study. The results show that the dystopian world in the short story "Simuladistopiakoronakra" is characterized by the presence of dystopian poetic elements, extreme developments in science and technology, and political discourse narratives that influence the creation of a dystopian world. The world of dystopia tends to be destructive and its depiction is gloomy and pessimistic. Meanwhile, simulacra are present in the narrative of the neglect of power authorities to the presence of Covid-19, the narrative of human stupidity, and the narrative of the image of power. Hyperreality is present in the narrative of excessive power and the technological extremity of a cross between humans and animals. Simulacra and hyperreality that are intertwined in short stories, create conditions of dehumanization that encourage the occurrence of a dystopian world.