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"ABSTRAK Praktek hak gugat pemerintah atas pencemaran dan/atau kerusakan lingkungan pada rezim UUPPLH dalam implementasinya masih terdapat hambatan dalam upaya perlindungan lingkungan hidup. Hambatan tersebut adalah adanya pembatasan kewenangan pemerintah dalam melakukan gugatan ganti rugi yang dibatasi hanya pada kerugian yang bukan menjadi hak milik privat. Selain itu tidak adanya mekanisme yang jelas terkait perhitungan kerugian lingkungan dalam pengadilan menimbulkan inkonsistensi dalam putusan yang satu dengan lainnya. Namun berdasarkan hasil penelitian normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan, komparatif, historis dan konsepsional dalam penelitian ini telah ditemukan bahwa konsep hak gugat pemerintah pada pasal 90 UUPPLH lebih mirip dengan konsep doktrin public trust. Namun dalam praktiknya konsep kerugian dalam implementasi doktrin public trust di beberapa negara seperti Uni Eropa, Amerika Serikat, Australia, dan Swiss memberikan hak kepada pemerintah untuk melakukan gugatan atas pencemaran dan/atau kerusakan lingkungan tidak hanya pada sumber daya tak bertuan (unowned resources) tetapi juga pada sumber daya dalam hak milik (owned resources) yang didasarkan pada beberapa alasan seperti pada spesies tertentu, area yang dilindungi (protected area), kepentingan publik atau kepentingan khusus lainnya. Sehingga kedepannya pemaknaan tentang hak gugat pemerintah yang berlandaskan doktrin public trust tidak hanya didasarkan dari segi kepemilikan suatu sumber daya alam, tetapi didasarkan pada kewajiban negara dalam melindungi lingkungan hidup untuk kepentingan publik.

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ABSTRACTThe practice of the government's right to sue for pollution and/or environmental damage in the UUPPLH regime in its implementation still has obstacles in efforts to protect the environment. The obstacle is the limitation of the government's authority to make compensation claims which are limited to losses that are not private property rights. In addition, there were no clear differences of opinion regarding the environmental issues in the court which caused inconsistencies in the verdict. However, based on the results of normative research with comparative, historical and conceptual approach in this study has been found in the concept of the government's right to sue in article 90 of the UUPPLH more similar to the concept of the doctrine of public trust. But in practice, the concept in the implementation of the doctrine of public trust in several countries such as the European Union, the United States, Australia and Switzerland gives the government the right to make claims for pollution and/or damage to the environment not only based on no-man's resources (unowned resources ) Also on resources in property rights (owned resources) which are based on several reasons such as certain species, supported areas (protected areas), public interests or other special interests. So that in the future the meaning of the government's right to sue  based on the doctrine of public trust is not only based on the ownership of a natural resource, but also accordance to the state's obligation to protect the environment in the public interest.

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"Lingkungan pembelajaran klinik di rumah sakit berpotensi mendorong pencapaian kompetensi IPE/IPCP mahasiswa dan meningkatkan kemampuan IPCP staf pengajar klinik. Upaya faculty development (FD) mempersiapkan staf pengajar klinik sebagai fasilitator IPE penting untuk keberhasilan implementasi kurikulum IPE. Namun, hingga saat ini belum ada model yang dapat menjadi acuan. Tujuan penelitian adalah menghasilkan model FD untuk mempersiapkan staf pengajar dari berbagai profesi kesehatan sebagai fasililitator IPE tahap klinik di rumah sakit.Penelitian ini menggunakan metode campuran dengan desain transformasi longitudinal di FKUI, FKKKMK UG, FK UII, dan FK UNS. Penelitian dilakukan dalam tiga tahap yaitu analisis kebutuhan komprehensif dan pengembangan model FD, penerjemahan model FD dalam penyusunan modul FD, dan uji coba serta evaluasi efektivitas modul. Penelitian dilakukan pada periode Januari 2023 hingga Agustus 2024. Responden penelitian adalah pimpinan institusi, IPE champion, IPE lead, staf pengajar klinik dan mahasiswa berbagai profesi kesehatan yang pernah terlibat dalam kurikulum IPE klinik. Data dikumpulkan dengan metode wawancara mendalam, FGD dan survei menggunakan kuesioner teaching competency for interprofessional education yang diadaptasi ke dalam situasi klinik di Indonesia.Penelitian telah menghasilkan kuesioner adaptasi yang valid dan reliabel untuk menilai persepsi staf pengajar dan mahasiswa tentang kompetensi fasilitator IPE klinik dan karakteristik pendidik klinik yang baik dalam konteks interprofesional. Hasil uji statistik menunjukkan tidak ada perbedaan bermakna antara persepsi staf pengajar dan mahasiswa. Penelitian menghasilkan model FIND yang terdiri atas empat prinsip meliputi to Foster optimal support from institution, to Involve IPE champions and IPE leads as initiator, innovator, communicator and coordinator, to Nurture faculty members’ competencies through an adequate needs analysis and faculty development, to Deliver faculty development with thorough preparation, targeted implementation and measured evaluation. Penerjemahan model FIND menghasilkan program FD yang dilaksanakan melalui modul pelatihan keterampilan memfasilitasi dinamika kelompok interprofesional di tatanan klinik. Prinsip pada model FIND diterapkan dengan cermat dalam penyusunan modul pelatihan. Kegiatan pelatihan berjalan lancar, partisipasi dan keterlibatan aktif peserta baik, tujuan pembelajaran yang disampaikan pada modul dapat tercapai. Peserta puas dengan pelatihan yang dilakukan, terdapat peningkatan persepsi sebelum dan sesudah pelatihan tentang berbagai kompetensi fasilitator IPE klinik. Dengan demikian dapat disimpulkan model FIND sesuai untuk pengembangan staf pengajar sebagai fasilitator IPE di tatanan klinik di Indonesia.

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Clinical learning environment in hospitals has the potential to encourage the achievement of IPE/IPCP competencies of students and improve the IPCP abilities of clinical teaching staff. Faculty development (FD) efforts to prepare clinical teaching staff as IPE facilitators are important for the successful implementation of the IPE curriculum. However, there is no model that can be a reference. The purpose of the study is to develop an FD model to prepare teaching staff from various health professions as facilitators of IPE in the clinical stage in hospitals.

This study uses a mixed method with longitudinal transformation design in FKUI, FKKKMK UG, FK UII, and FK UNS. The research was carried out in three stages, namely comprehensive needs analysis and development of the FD model, translation of the FD model in the preparation of the FD module, and trial and evaluation of module effectiveness. This study was conducted from January 2023 to August 2024. The respondents of the study were institutional leaders, IPE champions, IPE leads, clinical teaching staff and students of various health professions who had been involved in the clinical IPE curriculum. Data were collected using in-depth interview methods, FGDs and surveys using teaching competency questionnaires adapted to clinical situations in Indonesia.

This study has produced a valid and reliable adaptation questionnaire to assess the perception of teaching staff and students about the competence of clinical IPE facilitators and the characteristics of good clinical educators in an interprofessional context. The results showed that there was no difference between the perception of teaching staff and students. This study has produced a FIND model consisting of four principles including to Foster optimal support from institution, to Involve IPE champions and IPE leads as initiator, innovator, communicator and coordinator, to Nurture faculty members' competencies through an adequate needs analysis and faculty development, to Deliver faculty development with thorough preparation, targeted implementation and measured evaluation. The translation of the FIND model resulted in a skills training module to facilitate the intreprofessional group dynamics in the clinical setting. The principles in the FIND model are carefully applied in the preparation of training modules. The training activities went smoothly, the active participation and involvement of participants was good, and the learning objectives conveyed in the module could be achieved. Participants were satisfied with the training conducted. There was an increase in perception before and after the training about the various competencies of clinical IPE facilitators. Thus, it can be concluded that the FIND model is suitable for the development of teaching staff as IPE facilitators in clinical settings in Indonesia."

"Latar belakang: Lingkungan pembelajaran berpengaruh terhadap kesuksesan peserta didik. Korelasi antara lingkungan pembelajaran terhadap kesiapan praktik peserta didik masih belum diketahui secara mendalam. Menilai korelasi antara kesiapan lulusan untuk praktik dan lingkungan pembelajaran dapat menjadi dasar dalam melakukan upaya perbaikan terhadap lingkungan pembelajaran untuk menunjang kesiapan lulusan. Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk korelasi antara lingkungan pembelajaran dan kesiapan praktik. Metode: Penilitian ini menggunakan desain cross sectional pada lulusan dokter gigi Fakultas Kedokteran Gigi Universitas Syiah Kuala (FKG USK). Penelitian ini menggunakan 101 lulusan mulai dari tahun 2022 sampai 2023. Data dikumpulkan dengan menggunakan survei yang didistribusikan secara online dengan menggunakan instrumen the Dundee Ready Educational Environment Measure (DREEM) untuk menilai persepsi terhadap lingkungan pembelajaran dan modifikasi instrumen Graduate Assessment Preparedness of Practice (GAPP) untuk menilai persepsi kesiapan praktik lulusan. Uji korelasi dengan uji Pearson digunakan untuk menentukan korelasi kedua aspek diatas serta menilai kekuatan korelasi dari setiap domain yang ada. Hasil: Analisis data menunjukkan nilai rata-rata skor seluruh responden adalah 147.9/200 yang berarti lebih banyak sisi positif daripada negatif dan rata-rata skor GAPP 201.23/238 yang berarti responden memiliki tingkat kesiapan praktik yang tinggi. Terdapat hubungan bermakna antara persepsi terhadap lingkungan pembelajaran dengan kesiapan praktik dokter gigi. Persepsi terhadap pencapaian prestasi akademik merupakan domain lingkungan pembelajaran yang paling dominan pengaruhnya terhadap kesiapan praktik lulusan. Kesimpulan: Lulusan menilai proses pembelajaran yang telah berjalan saat ini di FKG USK sudah baik. Lulusan FKG USK memiliki tingkat kesiapan praktik hampir di semua area baik dalam area klinis, komunikasi, profesionalisme dan manajemen serta kepemimpinan. Lulusan dokter gigi yang memandang lingkungan pendidikan secara positif ditemukan memiliki tingkat kesiapan praktik yang baik.

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Background: Learning environment has been known to influence students' success. The correlation between perception of the learning environment and dental graduate’s preparedness for practice is still unknown. Assessing the correlation between perception of the learning environment and dental graduate’s preparedness for practice can be the basis for making efforts to improve the learning environment to support graduates' preparedness for practice.

Objective: This study aims to identify the correlation between learning environment and preparedness for practice.

Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at Faculty of Dentistry, Syiah Kuala University. This research involved 101 dental graduates from 2022 to 2023. Data were collected using the Dundee Ready Educational Environment Measure (DREEM) and a modified Graduate Assessment Preparedness of Practice (GAPP) instrument. Pearson's correlation test was used to determine the correlation between the two aspects and to assess the strength of correlation of each domain.

Results: Data analysis shows the average score of DREEM of all respondents is 147.9/200, which means more positive than negative learning environment available. The average GAPP score is 201.2/238, so respondents have a high-level perception of preparedness for practice. Dental graduates have high-level perception on preparedness for practice in almost all areas including in the clinical area, communication, professionalism, and management also in leadership. There is a significant relationship between perceptions of the learning environment and dental graduate's preparedness for practice. A positive learning environment plays a role in increasing student motivation and engagement in learning as well as student academic achievement.

Conclusion: Learning environment correlates with dental graduate's preparedness for practice. "

"ABSTRAKLatar Belakang: Persepsi mahasiswa terhadap lingkungan pembelajaran terbukti dapat memengaruhi prestasi, kepuasan dan kesuksesan mahasiswa. Mahasiswa yang berpendapat bahwa lingkungan pembelajaran memberikan dukungan akan belajar lebih keras dan memberikan prestasi lebih baik. Di Indonesia prestasi belajar lulusan dokter diukur secara nasional dengan menggunakan UKMPPD.Tujuan: Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui gambaran persepsi mahasiswa terhadap lingkungan pembelajaran dan hubungannya dengan kelulusan dalam UKMPPD.Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan cross-sectional. Data diperoleh dari 105 peserta UKMPPD. Persepsi lingkungan pembelajaran diukur menggunakan kuesioner DREEM dan menghubungkannya dengan kelulusan dalam UKMPPD. Data berdistribusi tidak normal sehingga digunakan analisis Mann-Whitney. Analisis multivariat digunakan untuk mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi kelulusan UKMPPD.Hasil: Penelitian ini menunjukkan sembilan puluh persen mahasiswa FK UNSRAT mempunyai persepsi lsquo;positif rsquo; terhadap lingkungan pembelajaran. Total skor median DREEM persepsi mahasiswa kurang berprestasi lebih baik dibandingkan mahasiswa berprestasi. Hasil analisis multivariat tidak menemukan hubungan lingkungan pembelajaran dan kelulusan UKMPPD, namun kelulusan UKMPPD berhubungan dengan dengan status ujian peserta.

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ABSTRACTBackground Students rsquo experience about their learning environment in medical education has been shown to be related to their achievements, satisfaction and success. Students who consider the learning environment supportive will learn harder and perform better. In Indonesia, the performance of newly graduated physicians is measured nationally using Indonesia Medical Licensing Exam IMLE . Objective The aim of this research is to describe students rsquo perception about their learning environment and its relationship with pass rate in IMLE.Methods We measured the perception on the learning environment of 105 students of Sam Ratulangi University UNSRAT Faculty of Medicine who were about to undertake IMLE in February 2017 using DREEM questionnaire and calculated the relationship with IMLE pass rate. Data analyzed was conducted using Mann Whitney test. Multivariate analysis was used to identify the factors affecting pass rate at IMLE.Results We found that 90 percent of the students have positive perception regarding learning environment in UNSRAT. The overall median DREEM score of the academic under achievers 136.00 was higher compared to the academic achievers 126.00 . However, multivariate analysis found no significant association between learning environment and the IMLE pass rate. Instead, IMLE pass rate is associated with the participant rsquo s exam status."

"Penelitian ini berfokus pada perancangan sebuah simulator manajemen dari investasi dalam industri biodiesel Indonesia, Simulator ini menyediakan laporan dalam bentuk arus kas, diagram, dan grafik yang dapat membantu meningkatkan pemahaman pengguna dalam pengambilan keputusan investasi dalam industri biodiesel. Poin pembelajaran dari simulator ini adalah pemahaman yang lebih baik dari beberapa variabel dan keputusan yang mempunyai dampak serius terhadap keberlanjutan investasi. Kompleksitas dan hubungan antar variabel dimodelkan menggunakan model sistem dinamis dari industri biodiesel. Simulator ini mensimulasikan seorang investor yang ingin menanmkan modal di industri biodiesel dengan beberapa pilihan keputusan. Simulator ini diujikan ke beberpa orang mahasiswa dan hasilnya simulator ini dapat mendukung dan meningkatkan pemahaman mereka tentang tantangan dalam pengembangan industri biodiesel.

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This research was focused on designing a management simulator of investment in Indonesian Biodiesel Industry. This simulator provides output reports of cash flow, diagrams and graphs that can enhance the user understanding in making a decision for investing their capital in the Biodiesel Industry. The learning points of this simulator are better understanding about several variables and decisions that have serious impact in the investment continuity. The complexity of the investment and relationship between variables was modelled by System Dynamic Model of Biodiesel Industry. This game simulates an investor who wants to invest his/her capital in Biodiesel Industry with several decisions that could affects the feasibility of investment, such as land types and pricing policy. The simulation game was tested to a group of students. The result shows that the game can support and enhance the students understanding the challenge of developing biodiesel production. "