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"Penjelasan terbaru terkait book-to-market dilakukan oleh Ball (2020) yang berdasarkan temuannya pada saham-saham di Amerika Serikat menemukan bahwa faktor retained earnings dalam book-to-market yang memberikan book-to-market kekuatan dalam menjelaskan dan memprediksi expected return. Lalu apakah di Indonesia fenomena book-to-market tersebut dapat dijelaskan lewat faktor retained earnings? Penelitian ini menggunakan metode Fama-MacBeth regression dan uji portofolio menggunakan Single Index Model dalam menjelaskan return dan excess return terhadap book-to-market dan retained earnings-to-market. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa faktor retained earnings-to-market dapat menjelaskan average cross section of return. Uji portofolio menunjukkan bahwa faktor retained earnings-to-market memiliki alpha dan excess return yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan book-to-market untuk portofolio equally weighted.

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The most recent study regarding book-to-market was by Ball (2020) which based on stocks in the United States found that retained earnings gives book-to-market predictive power in explaining and predicting expected return. Then, can the book-to-market phenomenon in Indonesia be explained through the retained earnings factor? This study tries to explain and compare factors between retained earnings and book value of equity in Indonesia. This study uses the Fama-MacBeth regression method and portfolio test using Single Index Model in explaining returns and excess returns to book-to-market and retained earnings-to-market. The results show that the retained earnings-to-market factor can explain average cross section of returns. The portfolio test shows that the retained earnings-to-market factor had a higher excess return and alpha than book-to-market for equally weighted portfolio."

"Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melakukan pengujian pengaruh antara idiosyncratic volatility dengan expected return. Idiosyncratic volatility dihitung dengan pendekatan langsung (direct method), yaitu standar deviasi dari residual yang dihasilkan model asset pricing Fama-French Five Factor. Penelitian ini menguji idiosyncratic volatility secara contemporaneous dan ex-ante. One-month lagged idiosyncratic volatility digunakan sebagai proksi dari expected idiosyncratic volatility. Metode yang digunakan dalam menguji model penelitian adalah Fama-Macbeth Cross-Sectional Regression. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh yang positif dan signifikan antara realized idiosyncratic volatility dengan expected return pada waktu yang bersamaan (contemporaneous). Sedangkan secara ex-ante terdapat pengaruh yang negatif dan signifikan antara one-month lagged idiosyncratic volatility dengan expected return.

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This research has purpose to do empirical test of idiosyncratic volatility effect on expected return. Idiosyncratic volatility estimated with direct method, which is standard deviation of the residual generated by asset pricing model Fama-French Five Factor. This research test idiosyncratic volatility in contemporaneous and ex-ante. One-month lagged idiosyncratic volatility used as proxy for expected idiosyncratic volatility. The method used to test the research model is the Fama-Macbeth Cross-Sectional Regression. The results of research show that realized idiosyncratic volatility has positive and significant effect on expected return at the same time (contemporaneous). While in ex-ante there is negative and significant one-month lagged idiosyncratic volatility effect on expected return."