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"Asupan serat pada penyandang DM tipe 2 maupun orang sehat di Indonesia rendah, meskipun berbagai penelitian membuktikan bahwa serat bermanfaat dalam memperbaiki profil lipid. Uji klinis acak menyilang ini bertujuan mengetahui pengaruh penambahan serat makanan terhadap profil lipid penyandang DM tipe 2 usia 20−64 tahun, dengan kadar serum kolesterol total >150 mg/dL, atau kolesterol LDL >100 mg/dL, atau kadar HDL < 45 mg/dL, atau trigliserida >150 mg/dL. Setiap subyek penelitian menjalani dua macam perlakuan diet selama 3 minggu, dengan wash out selama 1 minggu: diet DM sesuai rekomendasi PERKENI dengan makanan selingan berserat 5,88 g/hari. Dilakukan wawancara karakteristik demografi, pengukuran tinggi dan berat badan, penilaian asupan zat gizi dengan metode food record 3 x 24 jam serta pemeriksaan profil lipid sebelum dan setelah perlakuan. Rentang usia subyek penelitian 47-61 tahun, sebagian besar subyek adalah perempuan, dan tingkat pendidikan rendah, serta tingkat aktivitas fisik ringan, dengan status gizi obes I sebanyak 66%. Subyek dapat mengonsumsi makanan selingan berserat sebanyak 90% dari anjuran. Makanan selingan berserat dapat ditoleransi dengan baik, tanpa ada keluhan yang berarti. Sebagian besar subyek penelitian tidak dapat mengikuti anjuran diet DM nya, terutama dalam hal asupan protein, lemak, dan serat. Terlihat penurunan yang bermakna pada kadar serum kolesterol total (p=0,03) dan trigliserida (p=0,04) setelah konsumsi makanan selingan berserat. Kesimpulan: diet DM dengan konsumsi serat sebagai makanan selingan sebesar 5,88 g/hari menurunkan kadar serum kolesterol total dan trigliserida serum dibandingkan dengan diet DM pada penyandang DM tipe 2. Penelitian lanjutan dianjurkan dengan menambah serat dalam makanan selingan.

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Dietary fiber intake of type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) patients and general Indonesian population were lower than recommendation, despite proven beneficial effect of dietary fiber on serum lipid profile. This randomized cross-over clinical trial aims to investigate the effect of 5,88 g/day fiber snack supplementation for 3 weeks on serum lipid profile among 20−64 years old T2DM patients with either serum concentration cholesterol total >150 mg/dL, cholesterol LDL >100 mg/dL, cholesterol HDL <45 mg/dL, or triglyceride >150 mg/dL.

Every subject underwent two treatments for 3 weeks with 1 week wash out: 5.88 g/day dietary fiber in snack bars integrated in diabetic diet recommended by Indonesian Diabetic Association (PERKENI). Assessments of sociodemographic, body height and weight, dietary intake using food record 3x24 hours method during study period, and lipid profile before and after intervention were performed.

Subjects age ranged 47-61 years, majority was female, low educational level, sedentary physical activity, and 66% obese. Subjects managed to consume 90% of the dietary fiber snack bars, without experiencing any side effects. Majority of subjects could not follow their diabetic dietary regimen, especially consumption of protein, fat and fiber. There were significant decreases total cholesterol (p=0.03) and triglyceride (p=0.04) serum concentrations after consumption of dietary fiber in snack bars.

Conclusion : diabetic diet with 5.88 g/day fiber snack decreases total cholesterol and triglyceride serum concentrations compared to diabetic diet alone in patients with T2DM. Further study to increase the amount of fiber in snack is proposed."

"Asupan serat dalam menu harian penyandang diabetes masih rendah. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui pengaruh penambahan serat dalam makanan selingan penyandang diabetes melitus (DM) 2 terhadap kadar glukosa darah. Penelitian ini merupakan studi eksperimental dengan desain menyilang alokasi acak pada 7 laki-laki dan 13 perempuan di Klinik Dokter Keluarga Kayu Putih Jakarta. Subyek penelitian dibagi dalam dua kelompok: kelompok kontrol mendapat anjuran diet DM dan kelompok perlakuan mendapat anjuran diet DM dan pemberian makanan selingan yang mengandung serat 6 gram/hari selama 3 minggu. Pemeriksaan kadar glukosa darah puasa dan 2 jam postprandial dilakukan pada awal dan akhir perlakuan. Status gizi obes didapatkan pada 55% subyek. Sebagian besar subyek tidak mematuhi anjuran diet DM: asupan lemak tinggi sedangkan asupan serat 7,0–13,7 g/hari. Pada awal penelitian, kadar glukosa darah puasa dan 2 jam postprandial serum kedua kelompok perlakuan tidak berbeda bermakna. Setelah periode perlakuan, perubahan kadar glukosa darah tidak bermakna, namun terlihat cenderung menurun pada kelompok perlakuan. Kesimpulan: pada penyandang DM tipe 2, pemberian makanan selingan yang mengandung serat 6 gram selama 3 minggu tidak menurunkan kadar glukosa darah puasa dan 2 jam postprandial serum.

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Fiber intake in the daily menu of diabetes patients was observed to be lower than recommendation. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of fiber supplementation as snack on blood glucose levels in type 2 diabetic subjects. This randomized, cross-over controlled clinical trial involved 7 men and 13 women, who visited to Family Doctor Clinic Kayu Putih in Jakarta. Subjects were assigned into two groups: control group who got diabetic diet recommendation, while treatment group got diabetic diet recommendation and snack containing 6 grams fiber/day for three weeks. Fasting blood glucose (FBG) and 2 hours postprandial blood glucose (PPBG) levels were assessed before and after intervention. Fifty five percent of the subjects were obese. Majority of subjects could not comply with diabetic regiment: high in fat, while fiber intakes was around 7.0–13.7 g/day. At baseline, FBG and PPBG levels were comparable. After intervention period, blood glucose level did not changed significantly, but tend to decrease in the treatment group. In conclusion: snack containing 6 grams of fiber for three weeks did not decrease FBG and PPBG of type 2 diabetic subjects."