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"ABSTRAKKemasan plastik yang menerapkan paradigma konservasi nilai material akan menghasilkan limbah plastik berkualitas baik yang dapat didaur ulang menjadi bahan baku untuk kemasan baru. Bagaimanapun, daur ulang berulang menyebabkan sifat mekanikalnya menurun. Plastik daur ulang diharapkan tidak mengalami degradasi sifat mekanikal. Riset ini mengajukan pencampuran bijih plastik daur ulang dengan bijih plastik tulennya untuk mengurangi degradasi sifat mekanikal. Sifat mekanikal polipropilena daur ulang dibandingkan dengan polipropilena tulen dan campuran polipropilena daur ulang/tulen dengan komposisi 90/10, 70/30, 50/50, 30/70, dan 10/90. Sifat mekanikal yang diuji adalah modulus elastisitas, kekuatan tarik, regangan saat putus, dan densitas. Semua diuji berdasarkan ASTM untuk uji sifat mekanikal material. Densitas adalah sifat satu-satunya yang tidak terpengaruh proses pencampuran, sedangkan sifat lainnya perlu diperhatikan. Regangan saat putus dan kekuatan tarik dapat terdegradasi dengan pencampuran bijih plastik tulen. Kekuatan tarik hanya menunjukkan degradasi 5% pada satu komposisi, sedangkan degradasi pada regangan saat putus mencapai 24% pada komposisi plastik daur ulang/tulen 90/10. Peningkatan nilai regangan saat putus hanya terjadi pada 100% plastik tulen. Sifat ini merupakan yang paling kritis. Secara keseluruhan, komposisi campuran plastik daur ulang/tulen 50/50 dan 30/70 dapat dipertimbangkan sebagai komposisi terbaik. Kedua campuran tersebut tidak mengalami degradasi pada regangan saat putus. Pencampuran plastik daur ulang dan tulen dapat meningkatkan kualitas produk plastik daur ulang dengan pertimbangan yang baik mengenai komposisinya. Dengan mengimplementasikan konservasi nilai material, limbah plastik berkualitas baik dapat didaur ulang berulang, sehingga dapat mengurangi akumulasi limbah plastik dan penggunaan bahan baku plastik yang tidak dapat diperbaharui. Dampak positif dari aplikasi riset ini tidak hanya pada ekonomi industri plastik, tapi juga pada lingkungan.

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ABSTRACTPlastic packaging that applied material value conservation paradigm will generate good quality plastic waste. It can be recycled to produce raw material for new packaging. However, repetitive recycling has impacts on lowering its mechanical properties. Recycled plastic is expected not to undergo mechanical properties degradation. This research proposed to blend recycled plastic pellets with its virgin plastic pellets to reduce mechanical properties degradation. Mechanical properties of recycled polypropylene are compared to 100% virgin polypropylene and recycled/virgin polypropylene blends with composition 90/10, 70/30, 50/50, 30/70, and 10/90. Mechanical properties tested in this research are modulus of elasticity, tensile strength, elongation at break, and density. All were tested according to ASTM for mechanical properties testing materials. Density is the only property that is not affected by blending, while other properties need to be watched carefully. Tensile strength shows 5% degradation at a composition, while strain at break has 24% degradation at composition 90/10 of recycled/virgin plastic. Improvement of strain at breaks only occurred at 100% virgin plastic. This property is the most critical. Overall, composition 50/50 and 30/7 of recycled/virgin plastic can be considered as the best composition. Both compositions do not undergo degradation. Blending recycled and virgin polypropylene can improve the quality of recycled plastic product with careful consideration of the composition. By implementing of material value conservation, good quality plastic waste can be recycled repeatedly. This will decrease accumulation of plastic waste and usage of non-renewable plastic's raw material. The positive impact of the application of this research is not only to economic of plastic industry but also to environment."

"According to the material-value-conservation paradigm, all material should not be considered to be marginal material, but rather to be valuable resource of which its value should be conserved. Degradation of material value may be prevented by designing for material value conservation that will support easier and faster processes for mechanical recycling; this will produce better quality of product and improve its financial viability. Therefore, it supports resource conservation schemes for plastic materials, reduces material waste, and also promotes a new method of environmental protection. A material value conservation implementation needs appropriate and strategic stakeholder roles in order to optimize the line of sight among stakeholders. Brain-writing and interpretive-process techniques of analysis were implemented in this research by interviewing competent resource persons representing every category of stakeholder (including government institutions, such as the regulator and law-enforcement agencies; plastic-packaging producers; plastic-packaging purchasers; plastic-waste collectors, and plastic recyclers), and then analyzing their responses to determine the appropriate strategic roles. Results of the two methods suggest a list of stakeholders with their strategic roles being to support the material-value-conservation aims in the context of quality and value of plastic-waste improvements, as well as increasing the quantity of waste accepted by plastic recyclers. Stakeholder roles provided valuable information and directions for implementing management of plastic materials and plastic packaging products, as well as its post-consumer materials as valuable waste. The new paradigm, which is supported by the appropriate roles of stakeholders will have a broader impact and provide more benefits through optimizing plastic-waste utilization, especially for regions with high density of people and high consumption rate of plastic packaging products."