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"Latar Belakang: Psoriasis merupakan penyakit inflamasi kronik yang dimediasi sistem imun, menyebabkan lesi kulit dan dapat mengenai sendi. Kondisi inflamasi sistemik meningkatkan risiko berbagai non-transmissible chronic disease dan menyebabkan kehilangan nutrien akibat hiperproliferasi dan deskuamasi epidermis, sehingga dapat menurunkan kualitas hidup. Terapi medik gizi dengan menjaga indeks massa tubuh dalam rentangan normal dan memenuhi kebutuhan vitamin A, E, C, D, dan asam folat, serta pemberian asam lemak omega-3 dapat menurunkan stres oksidatif dan inflamasi. Terapi diet, pengaturan aktivitas fisik, dan modulasi respons inflamasi sistemik menjadi tujuan terapi yang penting dan terintegrasi. Kasus: Pasien psoriasis berbagai tipe dengan penyulit, terdiri atas 3 orang laki-laki dan seorang perempuan, rentangan usia 28–64 tahun. Pasien pertama dengan SIDA, artritis dan hipoalbuminemia, pasien ke-2 hipoalbuminemia, pasien ke-3 artritis, dan pasien ke-4 dengan obesitas. Terapi medik gizi yang diberikan meliputi diet cukup energi, protein tinggi, dan lemak sedang sesuai kodisi pasien, serta beberapa vitamin. Pemantauan dilakukan minimal selama 6 hari meliputi keluhan subjektif, keluaran klinis, hasil laboratorium, antropometri, kapasitas fungsional, dan analisis asupan 24 jam. Nutrisi ditingkatkan bertahap sesuai keluaran klinis dan toleransi. Mikronutrien yang dapat diberikan adalah vitamin B kompleks, C, dan asam folat. Semua pasien mendapat edukasi gizi. Hasil: Asupan energi keempat pasien dapat meningkat bertahap hingga mencapai KET saat pulang. Peningkatan kadar albumin tanpa koreksi infus albumin terjadi pada 2 pasien, penurunan albumin pada 1 pasien, dan pada 1 pasien tidak dilakukan pemeriksaan ulang. Kapasitas fungsional semua pasien mengalami perbaikan saat pulang. Tidak terjadi perubahan berat badan pada 3 pasien, namun 1 pasien mengalami penurunan selama dirawat. Kesimpulan: Terapi medik gizi yang adekuat menunjang proses penyembuhan, serta memperbaiki parameter laboratorium dan kapasitas fungsional.

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Background: Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory disease mediated by the immune system causing skin lesions and may also affect the joints. Systemic inflammatory conditions increase the risk of various non-transmissible chronic diseases, loss of nutrients through hyperproliferation and desquamation of the epidermis that may reduce quality of life. Medical therapy in nutrition by maintaining body mass index within normal range and fulfillment the requirement of vitamins A, E, C, D, and folic acid, and supplementation of omega-3 fatty acids can reduce oxidative stress and inflammation. Dietary therapy, management of physical activity, and modulation of systemic inflammatory responses are the important and integrated therapeutic goals.

Case: Psoriasis patients of various types and complications with the range of age 28–64-years-old, consist of 3 males and 1 female. The first patient with HIV-AIDS arthritis and hypoalbuminemia, the second with hypoalbuminemia, the third with arthritis, and the fourth with obesity. The medical therapy in nutrition include diet that sufficient in energy, high protein, and moderate fat corresponding to the patients’ condition with supplementation of some vitamins. Monitoring was carried out for at least 6 days that include subjective complaints, clinical outcomes, laboratory results, anthropometric, functional capacity and 24-hour dietary intake analysis. Nutritional intake was gradually increased according to the clinical outcomes and tolerance. Micronutrients that can be given were vitamins B complex, C, and folic acid. All patients received nutrition education.

Results: Nutritional intake of all patients increased gradually and achieved the total energy requirement before discharged from the hospital. There were increased of albumin levels without albumin infusion in 2 patients, decreased in 1 patient, and no albumin levels’ reexamination in 1 patient. Functional capacity improved in all patients before discharged from the hospital. There were no changes in the body weight of 3 patients. However, 1 patient experienced decreased of body weight during hospotalisation.

Conclusion: Adequate medical therapy in nutrition supports the healing process, and improves laboratory parameters and functional capacity."

"Sindrom koroner akut (SKA) berkaitan erat dengan aspek nutrisi. Pencegahan primer dan sekunder dimulai saat diketahui pasien memiliki risiko atau telah mengalami gejala. Permasalahan nutrisi pada SKA dapat menurunkan asupan selama perawatan intensif, terutama pada pasien usia lanjut karena terdapat berbagai komorbid yang dapat menjadi kendala pemberian nutrisi. Risiko malnutrisi selama perawatan di rumah sakit juga dapat terjadi dan akan mempengaruhi luaran klinis. Terapi medik gizi bertujuan mengurangi respons inflamasi, mempertahankan imbang energi dan nitrogen positif, mencegah katabolisme, serta mencegah komplikasi. Serial kasus ini melaporkan empat orang pasien SKA yang dirawat di ruang rawat intensif. Usia pasien antara 51–64 tahun. Status gizi pasien saat admisi berkisar dari berat badan normal hingga obes morbid. Terapi medik gizi yang diberikan menggunakan panduan pada perawatan jantung intensif, sakit kritis, dan panduan lain sesuai kondisi klinis pasien. Pemberian nutrisi ditingkatkan bertahap sesuai kondisi klinis dan toleransi saluran cerna dengan target kebutuhan energi total dan protein tercapai saat persiapan pulang rawat. Mikronutrien yang diberikan adalah vitamin B kompleks dan asam folat. Seluruh pasien pulang dengan perbaikan kondisi klinis. Terapi medik gizi yang adekuat mendukung kesembuhan pasien.

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Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS) is closely related to nutritional aspects. Primary and secondary prevention should be started when the patients are known to be at risk or have experienced the symptoms. Patients with ACS have nutritional problems that can reduce intake during intensive care, particularly in elderly patients, because of various comorbidities that can be nutritional challenges. The risk of malnutrition during hospitalized may also occur and will affect clinical outcomes. Medical therapy in nutrition aims to reduce the inflammatory response, maintain energy and positive nitrogen balance, and prevent catabolism and complications. The patients were 51–64 years old. The nutritional status of patients at admission ranges from normal weight to morbid obesity. Medical therapy in nutrition was given using the guidelines for cardiac intensive care, critical illness, and other guidelines according to the patient's clinical condition. Provision of nutrition was gradually increased according to the clinical and gastrointestinal tolerance with the goal of achieving total energy requirements during discharge planning. The micronutrients given were B-complex vitamins and folic acid. All patients discharged with improvements in clinical conditions. Adequate medical therapy in nutrition supports the patients recovery."