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Abstrak :
Tujuan akhir penelitian ini adalah untuk mendapatkan gambaran kondisi aktual aktifitas produksi pada proses bending dengan mengidentifikasi waste yang terdapai pada proses tersebut dan melakukan analisis untuk menguranginya serta menghitung seberapa besar kemungkinan penghematan yang didapat. Metode penelitian hersifat studi kasus dengan mengacu pada teori pengambilan data berdasarkan work sampling. Data didapat melalui rekaman video dengan menggunakan handycam, yang kemudian diuraikan menjadi aktiiitas yang dilakukan oleh operator selama proses bending berlangsung Semua aktifitas tersebut kemudian dianalisis untuk mengidentitikasi waste yang terdapat padanya berdasarkan teori dasar waste pada konsep lean manufacturing. Selanjutnya adalah melakukan analisis untuk menguranginya serta menghitung seberapa besar kemungkinan penghematan yang didapat. Penelitian ini merupakan sebuah studi kasus dan bagian dari penerapan konsep lean mamzfacturing pada PT X. ......The final pupose of this research is to get an overview of actual condition of production by identifying wastes which exist there and to find ways to reduce them and to calculate the potential savings. The research method refer to the theory of work sampling data collection. Data are collected in a video format using handycam, which then broken down into operator’s activities during the process. Those activities are analized to determine the wastes using lean manufacturing concept of waste. Last step is to End ways to reduce them and to calculate the potential savings. This reserach is a case study and a part of the application of lean manufacturing concept at PT X.

Abstrak :
This paper introduced a nonlinear finite element model using Msc.MARC to study behavior of concrete columns partially confined with metal sheet strips under uniaxial compression. The concrete and the metal sheet parts were modeled using the linear Mohr-Coulomb yield criterion and the Von-Mises yield criterion, respectively. Behaviors of the interface (bonding) material, both in the normal direction and the parallel direction to the interface, were modeled as a bilinear function based on the cohesive energy and the crack widths. The columns in this study had circular cross sections with the diameter of 15 cm and the height of 75 cm, wrapped around by 5 cm metal sheet strips. The results from 3D finite element modeling were analyzed for internally induced stresses and strains. The predicted column behavior was compatible with observed experimental data. The detailed mechanisms that were difficult to visualize during the laboratory experiments could be obtained from the analysis. It was revealed that the area of confinement and the number of applied metal sheet layers were important factors to the strength increase. The discrete confinement system was shown to be a promising alternative to the one-piece full-wrap system.