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Abstrak :
Mikroalga epiplastik diketahui berpotensi menyebabkan Harmful Algal Bloom (HAB) menjadikan plastik sebagai vektor transportasi mikroalga berbahaya. Masalah penumpukan sampah dilaporkan di Pantai Marina Ancol. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis mikroalga epiplastik pada substrat sampah plastik minumann kemasan jenis Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET) berdasarkan kelimpahan sel dan faktor lingkungan. Penelitian dilakukan dengan mengumpulkan total 9 sampel sampah plastik di ketiga titik sampling, lalu pemisahan mikroalga dengan kombinasi squeeze method & scraping. Sampel air dipisahkan dari substrat, sampah plastik dihitung berat basahnya, sampel disaring dengan saringan bertingkat, dan pengamatan cover glass di bawah mikroskop cahaya. Mikroalga epiplastik yang ditemukan total 15 genera dari kelas Bacillariophyceae, Dinophyceae, dan Cyanophyceae yang berpotensi menyebabkan HAB. Pseudo-nitzschia, Nitzschia, Prorocentrum, Lyngbya, dan Trichodesmium merupakan genus yang berpotensi toksik. Prorocentrum, Blixaea, Tripos, dan Trichodesmium diketahui pernah menyebabkan blooming. Kelimpahan mikroalga tergolong tinggi, yaitu sebesar 321.971 sel/gr berat basah plastik PET dengan Achnanthes sebagai genus yang memperoleh total kelimpahan tertinggi, yaitu 100.850 sel/gr. Hubungan antara kelimpahan dan faktor lingkungan diuji menggunakan korelasi Pearson. Faktor intensitas cahaya dan kecerahan berkorelasi positif. ...... Epiplastic microalgae are known to have the potential to cause Harmful Algal Blooms (HAB) making plastic as a vector for transporting harmful microalgae. The issue of waste accumulation has been reported at Marina Ancol Beach. This study aims to analyze epiplastic microalgae on Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET) plastic waste beverage packaging based on cell abundance and environmental factors. The research was conducted by collecting a total of 9 samples of plastic waste at three sampling points, followed by the separation of microalgae using a combination of the squeeze method and scraping. The water samples were separated from the substrate, the wet weight of the plastic waste was measured, the samples were filtered using a graded sieve, and observation was done under a light microscope using a cover glass. A total of 15 genera of epiplastic microalgae were found from the class Bacillariophyceae, Dinophyceae, and Cyanophyceae, which have the potential to cause HAB. Pseudo-nitzschia, Nitzschia, Prorocentrum, Lyngbya, and Trichodesmium are genera that are potentially toxic. Prorocentrum, Blixaea, Tripos, and Trichodesmium are known to have caused blooming. The abundance of microalgae was 321,971 cells/g wet weight of PET plastic and relatively high with Achnanthes as the genus with the highest total abundance, which is 100,850 cells/g. The relationship between abundance and environmental factors was tested using Pearson correlation. The factors of light intensity and water clarity showed a positive correlation.

Abstrak :
Penelitian terhadap komunitas mikroalga epiplastik pada substrat plastik polyethylene terephthalate (PET) dilakukan di perairan Pulau Pramuka, Kepulauan seribu. Sampel plastik kemasan minuman diambil dari tiga stasiun di bagian Barat, Utara, dan Timur Pulau Pramuka. Sampel yang diisolasi kemudian diamati di bawah mikroskop cahaya dan kelimpahan, serta keanekaragaman mikroalga pada setiap stasiun dihitung. Mikroalga tersebut diidentifikasi, sehingga struktur komunitas dan adanya mikroalga berpotensi toksik diketahui. Mikroalga yang diidentifikasi berasal dari tiga divisi, yaitu Bacillariophyta, Dinophyta, dan Cyanobacteria. Bacillariophyta merupakan divisi yang paling melimpah dan ditemukan 11 genus yang berasal dari divisi tersebut, antara lain Coscinodiscus, Diploneis, Pleurosigma, Gyrosigma, Nitzschia, Cymbella, Thalassiosira, Synedra, Navicula, Fragilaria, dan Thalassionema. Dinophyta yang ditemukan berasal dari genus Prorocentrum dan Cyanobacteria yang ditemukan berasal dari genus Chroococcus. Nitzschia merupakan mikroalga yang paling melimpah dengan total kelimpahan 395,9 sel/ml, sedangkan kelimpahan terendah dimiliki oleh Chroococcus dengan nilai 1,18 sel/ml. Mikroalga berpotensi toksik ditemukan pada beberapa stasiun, yaitu Nitzschia dan Prorocentrum. Indeks keanekaragaman dan kemerataan tertinggi terdapat pada stasiun 1 (1,62 dan 0,78) karena tidak ada genus yang mendominasi, sedangkan indeks dominansi tertinggi terdapat pada stasiun 3 (0,52). ......Research on epiplastic microalgal communities on polyethylene terephthalate (PET) plastic substrates was conducted in the waters of Pramuka Island, Kepulauan Seribu. Beverage packaging plastic samples were taken from three stations in the western, northern, and eastern parts of Pramuka Island. The isolated samples were then observed under a light microscope and the abundance and diversity of microalgae at each station were calculated. The microalgae were identified so that community structure and the presence of potentially toxic microalgae were known. The microalgae identified came from three classes, namely Bacillariophyta, Dinophyta, and Cyanobacteria. Bacillariophyta is the most abundant class and 11 genera were found from the class, including Coscinodiscus, Diploneis, Pleurosigma, Gyrosigma, Nitzschia, Cymbella, Thalassiosira, Synedra, Navicula, Fragilaria, and Thalassionema. Dinophyta found came from the genus Prorocentrum and Cyanobacteria found came from the genus Chroococcus. Nitzschia is the most abundant microalgae with a total abundance of 395.9 cells/ml, while the lowest abundance is owned by Chroococcus with a value of 1.18 cells/ml. Potentially toxic microalgae were found at several stations, namely Nitzschia and Prorocentrum. The highest diversity and evenness indices were found at station 1 (1.62 and 0.78) because there was no genus dominating the station, while the highest dominance index was found at station 3 (0.52).