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"Berdasarkan Riset Kesehatan Dasar Tahun 2013 dan 2018, menunjukkan adanya peningkatan prevalensi gizi lebih dan obesitas di provinsi Riau yaitu dari 3,1% menjadi 11,6%. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan kejadian gizi lebih/obesitas pada remaja siswa SMA Negeri di Kota Pekanbaru Tahun 2023. Jenis penelitian adalah analitik kuantitatif dengan desain cross sectional. Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan Mei-Juni 2023. Sampel adalah siswa SMAN kelas X dan XI di tiga SMAN di Kota Pekanbaru, yaitu SMAN 4, SMAN 6, dan SMAN 12. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan cara purposive sampling. Variabel independen adalah jenis kelamin, pengetahuan remaja, pendidikan orang tua, pekerjaan orang tua, uang saku, status kegemukan orang tua, aktivitas fisik, kualitas tidur, konsumsi makanan cepat saji dan konsumsi makanan manis. Variabel dependen adalah gizi lebih/obesitas. Analisis data dilakukan secara univariat, bivariat dan multivariat. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa variabel yang dominan berhubungan dengan gizi/obesitas adalah status kegemukan orang tua (OR=3,12; 95% CI: 1,25-7,83). Remaja dengan orang tua gemuk/obesitas lebih berisiko 3 kali mengalami gizi lebih/obesitas dibandingkan dengan remaja yang tidak memiliki orang tua gemuk/obesitas. Variabel lain yang berhubungan adalah pengetahuan siswa (OR=2,62; 95% CI: 1,27-5,39) dan kebiasaan makanan manis (OR=2,34; 95% CI:1,04-5,27).

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Based on the 2013 and 2018 Basic Health Research, there was an increase in the

prevalence of overnutrition and obesity in Riau province from 3.1% to 11.6%. This

study aimed to analyse the factors associated with the incidence of overeight/obesity in adolescent students of public high schools in Pekanbaru City in 2023. The type of research is quantitative analytic with a cross-sectional design. The research was conducted in May-June 2023. Samples were class X and XI students in three high schools in Pekanbaru City, namely SMAN 4, SMAN 6, and SMAN 12. Sampling was done by purposive sampling. Independent variables were gender, adolescent knowledge, parental education, parental occupation, pocket money, parental obesity status, physical activity, sleep quality, fast food consumption and sweet food consumption. The dependent variable was overweight/obesity. Data were analysed univariately, bivariate and multivariate. The results showed that the dominant variable associated with overweight/obesity was parental obesity status (OR=3.12; 95% CI: 1.25-7.83). Adolescents with obese parents were three times more likely to experience overweight/obesity compared to adolescents who did not have obese parents. Other associated variables were student knowledge (OR=2.62; 95% CI: 1.27-5.39) and sweet food habits (OR=2.34; 95% CI: 1.04-5.27). For this reason, schools are expected to work with the Health Office and Community Health Center to organise counselling or seminars on nutrition and obesity in adolescents; schools can provide healthy canteens by limiting the availability of fast food and sugary drinks"

"Obesitas anak merupakan masalah kesehatan masyarakat yang signifikan saat ini. Salah satu kontributor obesitas pada anak saat ini yaitu konsumsi berlebih minuman manis. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara konsumsi minuman manis dengan obesitas anak usia 10 – 12 tahun di DKI Jakarta berdasarkan data Riskesdas 2018. Variabel independen utama penelitian yaitu konsumsi minuman manis dan variabel kovariat yaitu demografi, pola hidup dan konsumsi, pendidikan ayah, pendidikan ibu, pekerjaan ayah, dan pekerjaan ibu. Desain studi penelitian ini yaitu cross-sectional dengan analisis bivariat dan stratifikasi. Data penelitian ini menggunakan data Riset Kesehatan Dasar dengan jumlah sampel sebesar 841 anak usia 10 – 12 tahun. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa prevalensi obesitas anak usia 10 – 12 tahun di DKI Jakarta pada tahun 2018 yaitu sebesar 13,4%. Hasil penelitian belum dapat membuktikan hubungan yang signifikan antara konsumsi minuman manis dengan obesitas pada anak usia 10 – 12 tahun di DKI Jakarta (PR=0,93; 95%CI: 0,58 – 1,49; p=0,99). Optimalisasi program unit kesehatan sekolah oleh pemerintah sertadukungan dari anggota keluarga dalam pelaksanaan pola makan gizi seimbang dan aktivitas fisik dapat membantu pencegahan obesitas pada anak.

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Childhood obesity is a significant public health problem currently. One of the biggest contributors to childhood obesity is excessive sugar-sweetened beverages consumption. The aim of the study was to determine the association between sugar-sweetened beverages consumption and obesity among children aged 10 – 12 years in DKI Jakarta based on Riskesdas 2018 data. The main independent variable was sugar-sweetened beverages consumption and covariate variables were demographics, lifestyle and consumptions pattern, father’s education, mother’s education, father’s occupation and mother’s occupation. This study used cross-sectional design with bivariate and stratification analysis. This study used Basic Health Research data with total sample of 841 children aged 10 – 12 years. The results showed that the prevalence of obesity among children aged 10 – 12 years in DKI Jakarta was 13,4%. The results of the study have not been able to prove a significant relationship between the consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages and obesity in children aged 10-12 years in DKI Jakarta (PR=0,93; 95%CI: 0,58 – 1,49; p=0,99). Optimization of school health program as well as support from family members in implementing a balanced nutritional diet and physical activity can help prevent obesity in children."

"Latar Belakang : Early Childhood Caries (ECC) merupakan masalah kesehatan gigi global yang berdampak pada anak-anak di berbagai negara. Di Indonesia, prevalensi ECC pada anak usia 3–4 tahun mencapai 78,3%. Pola pemberian ASI, konsumsi makanan dan minuman manis, serta tingkat pengetahuan ibu memiliki peran dalam terjadinya ECC. Tujuan : Mengetahui hubungan pola pemberian ASI, konsumsi makanan dan minuman manis, serta pengetahuan ibu dengan kejadian Early Childhood Caries (ECC) pada anak usia 6–36 bulan di Kecamatan Jatinegara, Jakarta Timur. Metode : Studi potong lintang pada 447 anak berusia 6–36 bulan. Pemeriksaan klinis karies gigi menggunakan ICDAS (International Caries Detection and Assessment System) dan indeks plak Silness-Löe dilakukan oleh dokter gigi yang telah dikalibrasi. Data pola pemberian ASI, konsumsi makanan dan minuman manis, serta pengetahuan ibu diperoleh melalui kuesioner yang tervalidasi. Hasil : Prevalensi ECC pada anak usia 6–36 bulan di Kecamatan Jatinegara sebesar 72,5%. Terdapat hubungan positif yang signifikan antara frekuensi konsumsi makanan manis (p=0,000 ; rs=+0,273), dan frekuensi konsumsi minuman manis (p=0,000 ; rs=+0,234) dengan kejadian ECC. Selain itu, terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan antara lama pemberian ASI (p=0,000), usia anak (p=0,000), tingkat pendidikan ibu (p=0,020) dan tingkat pendidikan ayah (p=0,016) dengan kejadian ECC. Namun, tidak terdapat perbedaan signifikan antara frekuensi pemberian ASI (p=0,181), kebiasaan menyusui di malam hari (p=0,471), usia awal MPASI (p=0,262), frekuensi konsumsi MPASI (p=0,382), jenis kelamin anak (p=0,526), tingkat pengetahuan ibu (p=0,209), dan status ekonomi keluarga (p=0,088) dengan kejadian ECC. Kesimpulan : Terdapat hubungan positif antara frekuensi konsumsi makanan manis dan frekuensi konsumsi minuman manis dengan kejadian ECC. Terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan antara lama pemberian ASI, usia anak, tingkat pendidikan ibu, dan tingkat pendidikan ayah dengan kejadian ECC.

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Background: Early Childhood Caries (ECC) is a significant global dental health issue that affects children worldwide. In Indonesia, the prevalence of ECC among children aged 3–4 years reaches 78.3%. Breastfeeding patterns, sweet food and beverage consumption, and maternal knowledge play a role in the occurrence of ECC. Objective: To determine the association of breastfeeding patterns, sweet food and beverage consumption, and maternal knowledge with Early Childhood Caries (ECC) in children aged 6–36 months in Jatinegara, East Jakarta. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 447 children aged 6–36 months. Clinical dental caries examination was performed using the International Caries Detection and Assessment System (ICDAS), and plaque assessment was conducted using the Silness-Löe Plaque Index by calibrated dentists. Data on breastfeeding patterns, sweet food and beverage intake, and maternal knowledge were obtained through validated questionnaires. Results: The prevalence of ECC among children aged 6–36 months in Jatinegara was 72.5%. There was a significant positive correlation between the frequency of sweet food consumption (p=0.000; rs=+0.273) and the frequency of sweet beverage consumption (p=0.000; rs=+0.234) with the occurrence of ECC. Additionally, significant differences in ECC occurrence were observed based on breastfeeding duration (p=0.000), child's age (p=0.000), maternal education level (p=0.020), and paternal education level (p=0.016). However, no significant differences were found between ECC occurrence and breastfeeding frequency (p=0.181), nighttime breastfeeding habits (p=0.471), age of complementary feeding initiation (p=0.262), frequency of complementary food consumption (p=0.382), child's sex (p=0.526), maternal knowledge level (p=0.209), and family socioeconomic status (p=0.088). Conclusion: There is a significant positive correlation between the frequency of sweet food and beverage consumption with ECC occurrence. Moreover, significant differences in ECC occurrence were observed based on the duration of breastfeeding, child's age, maternal education level, and paternal education level."

"Latar Belakang : Early Childhood Caries (ECC) merupakan masalah kesehatan gigi global yang berdampak pada anak-anak di berbagai negara. Di Indonesia, prevalensi ECC pada anak usia 3–4 tahun mencapai 78,3%. Pola pemberian ASI, konsumsi makanan dan minuman manis, serta tingkat pengetahuan ibu memiliki peran dalam terjadinya ECC. Tujuan : Mengetahui hubungan pola pemberian ASI, konsumsi makanan dan minuman manis, serta pengetahuan ibu dengan kejadian Early Childhood Caries (ECC) pada anak usia 6–36 bulan di Kecamatan Jatinegara, Jakarta Timur. Metode : Studi potong lintang pada 447 anak berusia 6–36 bulan. Pemeriksaan klinis karies gigi menggunakan ICDAS (International Caries Detection and Assessment System) dan indeks plak Silness-Löe dilakukan oleh dokter gigi yang telah dikalibrasi. Data pola pemberian ASI, konsumsi makanan dan minuman manis, serta pengetahuan ibu diperoleh melalui kuesioner yang tervalidasi. Hasil : Prevalensi ECC pada anak usia 6–36 bulan di Kecamatan Jatinegara sebesar 72,5%. Terdapat hubungan positif yang signifikan antara frekuensi konsumsi makanan manis (p=0,000 ; rs=+0,273), dan frekuensi konsumsi minuman manis (p=0,000 ; rs=+0,234) dengan kejadian ECC. Selain itu, terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan antara lama pemberian ASI (p=0,000), usia anak (p=0,000), tingkat pendidikan ibu (p=0,020) dan tingkat pendidikan ayah (p=0,016) dengan kejadian ECC. Namun, tidak terdapat perbedaan signifikan antara frekuensi pemberian ASI (p=0,181), kebiasaan menyusui di malam hari (p=0,471), usia awal MPASI (p=0,262), frekuensi konsumsi MPASI (p=0,382), jenis kelamin anak (p=0,526), tingkat pengetahuan ibu (p=0,209), dan status ekonomi keluarga (p=0,088) dengan kejadian ECC. Kesimpulan : Terdapat hubungan positif antara frekuensi konsumsi makanan manis dan frekuensi konsumsi minuman manis dengan kejadian ECC. Terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan antara lama pemberian ASI, usia anak, tingkat pendidikan ibu, dan tingkat pendidikan ayah dengan kejadian ECC.

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Background: Early Childhood Caries (ECC) is a significant global dental health issue that affects children worldwide. In Indonesia, the prevalence of ECC among children aged 3–4 years reaches 78.3%. Breastfeeding patterns, sweet food and beverage consumption, and maternal knowledge play a role in the occurrence of ECC. Objective: To determine the association of breastfeeding patterns, sweet food and beverage consumption, and maternal knowledge with Early Childhood Caries (ECC) in children aged 6–36 months in Jatinegara, East Jakarta. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 447 children aged 6–36 months. Clinical dental caries examination was performed using the International Caries Detection and Assessment System (ICDAS), and plaque assessment was conducted using the Silness-Löe Plaque Index by calibrated dentists. Data on breastfeeding patterns, sweet food and beverage intake, and maternal knowledge were obtained through validated questionnaires. Results: The prevalence of ECC among children aged 6–36 months in Jatinegara was 72.5%. There was a significant positive correlation between the frequency of sweet food consumption (p=0.000; rs=+0.273) and the frequency of sweet beverage consumption (p=0.000; rs=+0.234) with the occurrence of ECC. Additionally, significant differences in ECC occurrence were observed based on breastfeeding duration (p=0.000), child's age (p=0.000), maternal education level (p=0.020), and paternal education level (p=0.016). However, no significant differences were found between ECC occurrence and breastfeeding frequency (p=0.181), nighttime breastfeeding habits (p=0.471), age of complementary feeding initiation (p=0.262), frequency of complementary food consumption (p=0.382), child's sex (p=0.526), maternal knowledge level (p=0.209), and family socioeconomic status (p=0.088). Conclusion: There is a significant positive correlation between the frequency of sweet food and beverage consumption with ECC occurrence. Moreover, significant differences in ECC occurrence were observed based on the duration of breastfeeding, child's age, maternal education level, and paternal education level."

"Kegemukan merupakan masalah kesehatan yang sering terjadi pada remaja. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor dominan terhadap kejadian kegemukan pada siswa SMA Islam Al-Azhar 2 Pejaten Jakarta Selatan tahun 2015. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain studi cross sectional dengan jumlah sampel 128 siswa. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada bulan April hingga Mei 2015. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui pengukuran antropometri (meliputi berat dan tinggi badan), kuesioner mandiri dan wawancara food recall 3x24 jam. Adapun variabel yang diteliti adalah indeks massa tubuh menurut umur (IMT/U), jenis kelamin, asupan zat gizi, aktivitas fisik, kebiasaan konsumsi makanan cepat saji, kebiasaan konsumsi minuman manis, kebiasaan sarapan serta pengetahuan gizi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan prevalensi kegemukan sebesar 31,2% dan terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara jenis kelamin, asupat serat dan kebiasaan konsumsi minuman manis dengan kejadian kegemukan (p-value < 0,05), dimana kebiasaan konsumsi minuman manis merupakan faktor dominan kegemukan.

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Overweight is a common health problem in adolescent. This study aimed to identify the dominant factor associated with overweight among student at Al-Azhar 2 Islamic High School Pejaten, South Jakarta 2015. This study used a cross-sectional design with total sample 128 students. This research was conducted in April until May 2015. The data were collected by anthropometry measurements (consist of weight and height), self-administered questionnaire and food recall 3x24 hours interview. The variables studied were BAZ, sex, nutrient intake (energy, protein, carbohydrate, fat and fiber intake), physical activity, fast food consumption, sweetened beverages consumption, breakfast habit and nutrition knowledge.

The result showed that the prevalence of overweight was 31,2%, and there was a significant correlation between sex, fiber intake and consumption of sweetened beverages with overweight (p-value < 0,05) and consumption of sweetened beverages as the dominant factor of overweight."