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Anak usia remaja sangat rentan mengalami gangguan, diantaranya pola hidup yang tidak teratur, behavior, pertumbuhan fisik dan psikis. Peranan aktifitas fisik atau olahraga menjadi sarana untuk mencegah anak usia remaja dari pengaruh negatif. Akan tetapi aktivitas olahraga ini tidak dilakukan secara teratur dan durasinya sangat singkat baik dilingkungan sekolah maupun dilingkungan sekitarnya. Olahraga disekolah cenderung lebih singkat. Saat ini, banyak anak usia remaja melakukan kegiatan olahraga permainan Futsal. Olahraga futsal bermanfaat untuk meningkatkan kebugaran jasmani, neuroplastisitas. Akan tetapi olahraga futsal juga dapat memengaruhi terhadap stres fisik dan stres oksidatif. Desain pre-post test pada anak usia remaja 13-15 tahun. Subjek penelitian 27 orang (tidak biasa bermain futsal) dibagi secara acak kedalam 3 kelompok perlakuan, frekuensi olahraga (FO) 1x, 3x dan 5x perminggu. Tahap awal penelitian persiapan olahraga futsal dan pengambilan data parameter, tahap perlakuan olahraga futsal selama 8 minggu dan tahap terakhir pengambilan data paramater dilakukan 1 hari setelah perlakuan. Penelitian ini sudah lolos kaji etik dari Komisi Etik FKUI. Kebugaran jasmani ditemukan meningkat secara bermakna pada FO3 dan FO5. Atensi dan memori ditemukan peningkatan pada FO1, FO3 dan FO5. Peningkatan BDNF hanya ditemukan pada kelompok FO3. IGF-1 ditemukan meningkat secara bermakna pada kelompok FO1, FO3 dan FO5. Peningkatan kadar Kortisol dan MDA hanya ditemukan pada kelompok FO5. Hasil penelitian ditemukan olahraga yang optimal dan aman pada anak usia remaja yaitu frekuensi olahraga futsal 3 kali perminggu dibandingkan olahraga futsal 1 kali dan 5 kali terhadap kebugaran jasmani, neuroplastisitas, stres fisik dan stres oksidatif pada anak usia remaja.

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Adolescents are susceptible to disorders, including unconventional lifestyle, behavior, physical and psychological growth. The role of physical activity or sports becomes a means to prevent adolescent children from negative influences. However, this sporting activity is not taken out regularly, and the duration is very short both in the school and the enclosing circumstances. Sports at school tend to be shorter. At present, many teenagers do Futsal sports. Futsal exercise is useful for improving physical fitness, neuroplasticity. However, futsal can also affect physical stress and oxidative stress-pre-post test design in adolescents aged 13-15 years. The research subjects were 27 people (unusual for playing futsal) divided randomly into three treatment groups, exercise frequency (FO) 1x, 3x, and 5x per week. The initial stage of the research is preparation for futsal and parameter data collection, the stage of treatment for futsal for eight weeks, and the last stage of data taking post parameters, one day after treatment. This research has passed the ethical review of the FKUI Ethics Commission. Physical fitness normally found to increase significantly at FO3 and FO5. Attention and memory are found to increase in FO1, FO3, and FO5. Surprisingly, BDNF was only detected in only the FO3 group. IGF-1 was found to increase significantly in the FO1, FO3, and FO5 groups. Increased levels of Cortisol and MDA was simply observed in the FO5 group. The results of the study found optimal and safe exercise in adolescents, namely the frequency of futsal exercise 3 times a week compared to futsal one times and five times for physical fitness, neuroplasticity, physical stress and oxidative stress in adolescents.

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"The focus of this volume is on critical epigenetic regulation and chromatin remodeling events that occur in the nervous system and on the presumed mechanisms that operate within neurons to translate them into long-lasting neuronal responses.Recent years have seen spectacular advances in the filed of epigenetics. These have attracted the interest of researchers in many fields and evidence connecting epigentic regulation to brain functions has been accumulationg. Neurons daily convert a variety of external stimuli into rapid or long-lasting changes in gene expression. A variety of studies have centered on the molcular mechanisms implicated in epigentic control and how these may operte in concert. It will be critical to unravel how specifity is achieved. The focus of this volume is on critical epigenetic regulation and chromatin remodeling events that occur in the nervous system and on the presumed mechanisms that operate within neurons to translate them into long-lasting neuronal responses."

"Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuktikan korelasi antara neurotrofin Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF), dan mobilitas fungsional pada pasien stroke iskemik kronik dalam uji Timed Up and Go (TUG). Penelitian ini merupakan observasi potong lintang dengan kelompok observasi (n = 35) dan kontrol sehat (n = 40). Kriteria inklusi stroke adalah subjek stroke iskemik fase kronik (onset di atas 6 bulan), berusia 40-65 tahun dan ambulasi mandiri. Pemeriksaan BDNF dilakukan di laboratorium, sedangkan uji TUG dilakukan secara pemeriksaan fisik. Hasil utama adalah rerata konsentrasi BDNF secara signifikan lebih rendah pada stroke kronik dibandingkan dengan kontrol sehat (21,654,00±4,250,67 pg/ml vs 23,424,37±3,209,96 pg/ml; p=0,048). Median performa TUG secara signifikan lebih lambat pada subjek stroke [11,90(7,79-50,36) detik vs 9,94(7,79-25,34) detik; p<0,001]. Akan tetapi perbedaan antara BDNF dan TUG ini belum berkorelasi secara signifikan. Sebagai pembahasan, terdapat banyak faktor selain mobilitas yang berkorelasi dengan neuroplastisitas. Juga diketahui bahwa mobilitas berperan penting dalam merangsang neuroplastisitas. Masih dibutuhkan penelitian lebih lanjut untuk membuktikan korelasi BDNF dengan mobilitas. Telah dianalisa bahwa uji TUG mungkin terlalu kompleks dalam menilai mobilitas sebagai sebuah parameter tunggal. Sehingga demikian, studi selanjutnya perlu mempertimbangkan penggunaan pemeriksaan yang lebih sederhana seperti kecepatan berjalan.

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This study is aimed to see the correlation between a neurotrophin called Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF), and physical mobility within chronic ischemic stroke through the timed up and go (TUG) test. This cross sectional observation had recruited 35 subjects of observation group and 40 healthy controls. Stroke inclusion criteria were those with chronic ischemic stroke (onset above 6 months), aged 40-65 years old and able to ambulate independently. BDNF was measured in laboratory, while TUG test were done through physical exam. Main study results were mean stroke BDNF concentration significantly lower as compared to healthy controls (21.654,00±4.250,67 pg/ml vs 23.424,37±3.209,96 pg/ml; p=0,048). Similarly, median TUG performance was significantly slower in stroke subjects [11,90(7,79-50,36) s vs 9,94(7,79-25,34) s; p<0,001]. However, these differences in BDNF and TUG had not been significantly correlated. It was then discussed that there are more than mobility that correlates with neuroplasticity, although prior studies mentioned that mobility has the most crucial role in stimulating it. There needs to be further investigation on correlation of BDNF with mobility. It was also thought that TUG itself may be too complex to examine mobility. Therefore future studies may consider the use of a simpler examination such as gait speed."