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"AbstrakHAPS (High Altitude Platform Station) is an alternative technology to an existingcommunication systems named terrestrial and satellite systems. One of the applicationsthat can be employed in HAPS system is cellular 5G technology. However,interference is one of problems in achieving maximum capacity. Multispot beam andthe power control are both used to overcome the problem. This multispot beam antennaworks like a base station on a terrestrial system. The multispot beam antenna lies at aclose distance on the platform. Thus the path passed by the signal of each user has anearly equal length of trajectory. Almost the same trajectory causes the shadowingexperienced by each user almost the same value. This is in contrast to the terrestrialsystem in which each user gets the power control of the BTS residing in each cell. Thelength of the path taken by each user's signal is different so the shadowing value is alsodifferent.This paper aims at evaluating the capacity of 5G cellular in single HAPSsystem in which the bandwidths used are 0.1 GHz and 1 GHz. Simulation result showsthat outage probability using 0.1 GHz bandwidth resulting the capacity in single HAPSsystem, which is maksimum 550 users in reference cell can achive 10-15 and it alsohappen when using 1 GHz with maksimum 5500 users in reference cell."

"ABSTRAKPada tugas akhir ini, saya menganalisa probabilitas outage dari teknologi full-duplex dengan menggunkan sistem MIMO (2x2) dengan memperhatikan faktor dari self-interference. Faktor self-interference pada tugas akhir ini diasumsikan telah ditekan dengan menggunakan active dan passive cancellation. Diasumsikan kanal yang dilalui sinyal antar 2 node merupakan kanal Rayleigh dan kanal yang dilalui sinyal interferensi merupakan kanal Rician. Selanjutnya, akan diperhatikan nilai dari probabilitas outage akibat dampak dari perubahan faktor K, 𝛾̅ɑ adalah SINR (Signal to Interference plus Noise Ratio), threshold rate (R) dan jumlah antena (N). Pada hasil perhitungan dengan nilai dari K = 35 dB atau lebih serta SINR = 70 dB dan R = 10 bps/Hz, probabilitas outage bernilai lebih dari 10-2 namun, dengan nilai SINR = 70 dB dan R = 10 bps/Hz, probabilitas outage bernilai lebih kecil dari 10-4 untuk nilai K = 15 dB atau kurang, maka didapat bahwa probabilitas outage meningkat jika nilai K meningkat. Selanjutnya, dengan nilai K = 10 dB didapat nilai dari probabilitas outage sebesar 10-4 ketika nilai SINR = 60 dB dan probabilitas outage sebesar 10-6 ketika nilai SINR = 70 dB, maka didapat probabilitas outage menurun jika nilai SINR meningkat. Hasil perhitungan lainnya dengan nilai K = 10 dB, didapat nilai dari probabilitas outage lebih dari 0,2 ketika nilai R = 6 bps/Hz dan probabilitas outage sebesar 0,8 ketika nilai R = 8 bps/Hz, didapatkan Probabilitas outage meningkat jika nilai R meningkat. Selanjutnya, dengan nilai K = 15 dB dan R = 20 bps/Hz, didapatkan nilai probabilitas outage sebesar 0,4, namun ketika nilai dari K = 15 dB dan R = 20 bps/Hz, nilai dari probabilitas outage dibawah 0,1, maka probabilitas outage menurun jika nilai N meningkat.

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ABSTRACTIn this report, I analyze an outage probability in bidirectional nirkabel communication using full-duplex MIMO system with consider effect of self-interference. The self-interference in this report is mitigated by active and passive cancellation, yet there is still interference happens in this system, called residual interference. Assumed, transmit information signal (channel between node-1 and node-2) using Rayleigh fading channel and express interference signal stream using Rician fading channel. I derive a closed-form solution of outage probability towards effect of Rician factor (K), γ̅ɑ is SINR (Signal to Interference plus Noise Ratio), threshold rate (R) and number of antenna (N). With SINR is 70 dB and R is 10 bps/Hz, value of outage probability is more than 10-2, yet with SINR is 70 dB and R is 10 bps/Hz, we get value of probability is below 10-2 for value of K is 15 dB or below, we obtain that value of outage probability increases when we increasing value of K. At value of K is 10 dB, we get outage probability is 10-4 when SINR is 60 dB and outage probability is 10-6 when SINR is 70 dB, from the result we conclude that for certain value of R, as SINR increases outage probability decreases for given K. Furthermore, at value of K is 10 dB, we get outage probability is more than 0.2 when R is 6 bps/Hz and outage probability is 0.8 when R is 8 bps/Hz. We get that as threshold rate increases outage probability increases for given SINR. Moreover, at value of K is 15 dB and R is 20 bps/Hz, we get outage probability is 0.4 but when value of K is 15 dB and R is 20 bps/Hz, we get outage probability is below 0.1. We obtain that increases number of antenna will decreases value of outage probability."

"Skripsi ini mengembangkan simulasi pengaruh atenuasi hujan di skenario suburban tropis pada spektrum frekuensi 26 dan 41 GHz. Pengambilan spektrum frekuensi diambil berdasarkan alokasi frekuensi kerja untuk teknologi 5G-NR. Simulasi dibuat menggunakan simulator NYUSIM dari New York University dan bahasa komputasi matematis. Hasil dari simulasi diolah menggunakan model tersendiri untuk menghasilkan Power Delay Profile dan Outage Capacity. Kami telah melakukan simulasi pada 3 skenario kondisi jarak yang berbeda, yaitu Jarak 100 meter, Jarak 500 meter, dan Jarak 1000 meter. Dalam skenario kondisi jarak 100 meter, Outage Capacity terbesar bernilai 5 Gbps di 41 GHz yang diambil pada titik referensi outage 0.3. Dalam skenario kondisi jarak 500 meter, Outage Capacity terbesar bernilai 2.9 Gbps di 26 GHz yang diambil pada titik referensi outage 0.3. Dalam skenario kondisi jarak 1000 meter, Outage Capacity terbesar bernilai 3.5 Gbps di 26 GHz yang diambil pada titik referensi outage 0.3. Hasil dari simulasi ini mengindikasikan rugi atenuasi dari curah hujan mempengaruhi transmisi gelombang millimeter wave, akan tetapi dibandingkan dengan rugi-rugi lainnya seperti obstruksi gedung dan pepohonan seiring jarak bertambah akan membuatnya menjadi tidak signifikan dalam perhitungan kecepatan data.

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This thesis develops the simulation of rain attenuation in tropic suburban scenario at frequency spectrum of 26 and 41 GHz. Frequency spectrum are decuded by work frequency allocation for 5G-NR technology. The simulation was made by NYUSIM simulator from New York University and numerical computation language. The end result of simulation were processed using owns model to produce Power Delay Profile and Outage Capacity. We have done a simulation on three different distance scenario, namely Distance 100 meter, Distance 500 meter, and Distance 1000 meter. In distance 100 meter scenario, best outage capacity is achieved by 5 Gbps at 41 GHz using outage reference point of 0.3. In distance 500 meter scenario, best outage capacity is achieved by 2.9 Gbps at 26 GHz using outage reference point of 0.3. In distance 1000 meter scenario, best outage capacity is achieved by 3.5 Gbps at 26 GHz using outage reference point of 0.3. The result of this simulation indicates that attenuation from rain losses affect the transmission of millimeter wave, but when compared to other losses e.g. obstruction by building or trees as the distance increases would render it insignificant in peak capacity calculation."

"We propose an analysis of reverse link CDMA multispot beam stratospheric platforms (SPF) in this paper. The SPF iscurrently proposed as a novel wireless technology for the development of the next generation fixed and mobilecommunications. The geometry of this technology is different from that of the terrestrial but rather similar to thesatellite based cellular system. However, evaluation on the CDMA system capacity of this technology has not beenmuch reported. This paper addresses all possible multiple access interference analyses including the effects of channelfading and shadowing in order to evaluate the system capacity. Single SPF and multiple SPF model are evaluated underperfect power control and imperfect power control. The results indicate that in SPF systems the reverse link CDMAcapacity is significantly reduced because of the power control imperfections. Moreover, in multiple SPF model theinterference caused by the users in overlapped region is not trivial. We found that because of this problem the capacityis reduced for both speech and real-time data applications compared with the single SPF model even though theassumption of perfect power control can be made. In order to improve the system capacity we proposed two methods,first is to increase the minimum elevation angle definition for each platform and the second is to employ an adaptiveantenna."

"Skripsi ini membahas kegiatan inspeksi tipe C (major overhaul) pada Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Gas (PLTG) yang menggunakan turbin gas GT 13E2 guna menganalisis kegiatan di lintasan kritis (critical path) dari kegiatan inspeksi tipe C (major overhaul). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperoleh alternatif cara untuk mengurangi outage yang diakibatkan pekerjaan inspeksi tipe C (major overhaul), dengan melakukan pengadaan cadangan komponen utama yang digunakan untuk spare part, sehingga pekerjaan pembersihan (cleaning) dan perbaikan (repair) yang selama ini dilakukan ketika pembangkit sedang outage, dapat dilakukan ketika pembangkit sudah berjalan. Hal tersebut tentunya akan menyebabkan keuntungan bagi pembangkit dengan meningkatnya pendapatan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode Precedence Diagram Method (PDM), Critical Path Method (CPM), dan analisa ekonomi terhadap investasi berupa Nett Present Value (NPV), Internal Rate of Return (IRR), Profitability Index (PI), dan Payback Period.

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The focus of this study is about type C inspection (major overhaul) activity in Gas Power Plant using gas turbine GT 13E2 to analyse activity in critical path from type C inspection (major overhaul) activity. This study aim to obtain alternative way to reduce the outage which resulted by type C inspection (major overhaul) by procuring spare part of main component, so cleaning activity and repair activity in now during in outage, can do when power plant generate power. The mentioned will cause benefit ot power plant to increase the power plants earning. This study use Precedence Diagram Method (PDM), Critical Path Method (CPM), and economy analysis for investment with Nett Present Value (NPV), Internal Rate of Return (IRR), Profitability Index (PI), dan Payback Period."