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Abstrak :
Seiring dengan perkembangan dunia modern dan pertumbuhan yang pesat dari media informasi, isu mengenai teror dan terorisme semakin terasa dekat dikarenakan paparan yang terus disajikan oleh media. Media sosial, dimana penggunanya seringkali mendapatkan kebebasan berpendapat dengan memanfaatkan fitur anonimitas, seringkali disalahgunakan untuk menyebarkan berita palsu ataupun ancaman mengenai isu teror dan terorisme. Hal seperti itu memaksa pemerintah untuk melakukan pengawasan dan pengendalian untuk mencegah adanya serangan yang mungkin ditimbulkan akibat informasi yang keluar tersebut. Menggunakan beberapa contoh kasus ancaman bom dan beberapa kasus mengenai isu teror dan terorisme, tulisan ini menganalisis dengan teori panopticism mengenai bagaimana bentuk pengawasan yang dilakukan oleh pemerintah, khususnya pemerintah negara Amerika Serikat, untuk mengawasi warga negara mereka dan mencegah terjadinya bencana yang mungkin berakibat dari pesan-pesan tersebut.

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Along with the development of the modern world and the rapid growth of the media, the issues regarding terror and terrorism is seemingly getting closer because of the exposure that continues to be presented by the medias. Social media, where users often get the freedom of speech granted by the anonymity in the virtual space, is often misused to spread false news or threats regarding the issue of terror and terrorism. Such matters compel the government to exercise oversight and control to prevent possible attacks from the outgoing information that is available to them. Using several examples of bomb threats and some cases of terror and terrorism issues, this paper analyzes with the theory of panopticism on how government oversight, especially the United States government, oversees their citizens and prevents the occurrence of disasters that may come from those messages.

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Penelitian ini membahas problem panoptisisme oleh pemerintah yang terjadi di dalam internet. Penulis menggunakan pendekatan Foucauldian dalam melihat kasus Edward Snowden yang membocorkan program panoptik dari NSA. Konsekuensi dari pengawasan ini adalah hilangnya privasi bagi pengguna internet dan mengakibatkan tidak adanya kebebasan untuk bisa menggunakan internet. Masyarakat telah masuk ke dalam sebuah penjara imajiner di mana mereka saling mengawasi dan saling ketakutan karena merasa diawasi.

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ABSTRACT
This research is focused on problem of panopticism by the government in internet. Writer use a Foucauldian approach to examine the Edward Snowden case who leaked the NSA top secret document to the journalist. The consequences of this surveillance is the loss of personal privacy for the internet user and also there is no such thing as freedom in internet if we always been watched. The society now have step to imaginary prison, where they were watching each other and feel insecure by the constant surveillance.

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ABSTRAK
Skripsi ini membahas tentang peran model panopticism Dewan Pers dalam pengendalian sosial kejahatan di media siber serta proses self regulation media siber. Melalui metode field research, peneliti mencoba menjelaskan model panopticism yang dibentuk atas adanya relasi antara Dewan Pers, Asosiasi Pers AMSI dan AJI serta Unsur Masyarakat dalam pengendalian berita kejahatan di media siber. Hasil menunjukkan empat ciri panopticism yang dimiliki oleh Dewan Pers, AMSI, AJI dan unsur Masyarakat berperan untuk terbentuknya regulation di media siber indonesia.

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ABSTRACT
This thesis discusses the role of panopticism model of Press Council in social control of crime in cyber media and the self regulation process of cyber media. Through field research method, the researcher tried to explain the panopticism model formed on the relationship between Press Council, Press Association AMSI and AJI and Elements of society in controlling crime news in cyber media.The results show four characteristics of panopticism possessed by the Press Council, AMSI, AJI and the elements of society that plays a role on the formation of self regulation in Indonesias 39 cyber media.

Abstrak :
Pengawasan telah berkembang menjadi alat utama bagi negara untuk mengontrol warganya, mencerminkan transformasi ke dalam bentuk "panoptisisme baru". Konsep "panoptisisme baru" diambil dari bentuk perkembangan dari metafora Panoptikon yang mengintegrasikan teknologi canggih pengawasan untuk memonitor dan mengontrol masyarakat, memicu transformasi menjadi negara paranoid. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji secara mendalam konsep "panoptisisme baru" yang telah berevolusi dari ruang fisik ke ruang digital dari tiga negara, yaitu Amerika Serikat, Cina, dan Indonesia. Penelitian ini menganalisis bagaimana pengalaman AS dan Cina menggunakan teknologi pengawasan canggih untuk mendukung kontrol sosial dan keamanan nasional, hingga merefleksikannya ke Indonesia. Metodologi yang digunakan mencakup studi kepustakaan dan analisis isi, dengan fokus pada dokumen resmi oleh Amnesty International pada tahun 2024 terkait pembelian beberapa lembaga pemerintah Indonesia terhadap alat pengawasan massal canggih dari berbagai negara, seperti Israel dan Jerman. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dari pengalaman Amerika Serikat dan Cina terhadap penggunaan program pengawasan massal panoptisisme baru, kedua negara dapat diidentifikasi sebagai negara paranoid. Selanjutnya, refleksi kedua negara ini digunakan untuk mengkaji fenomena pembelian alat pengawasan dan kebijakan terkait pengawasan di Indonesia. Hasil dan kesimpulan dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa teknologi alat pengawasan dan spyware digunakan secara ekstensif untuk mengumpulkan informasi berpotensi untuk melanggar hak asasi manusia dan menjadi kejahatan negara. ......Surveillance has evolved into a primary tool for states to control their citizens, reflecting a transformation into a form of "new panopticism." The concept of "new panopticism" is derived from the evolution of the Panopticon metaphor, integrating advanced surveillance technology to monitor and control society, leading to a transformation into a paranoid state. This research aims to thoroughly examine the concept of "new panopticism," which has evolved from physical to digital space in three countries: the United States, China, and Indonesia. The study analyzes how the experiences of the US and China in using advanced surveillance technology to support social control and national security can be reflected in Indonesia. The methodology includes literature review and content analysis, focusing on official documents by Amnesty International in 2024 regarding the purchase of advanced mass surveillance tools by several Indonesian government agencies from various countries, such as Israel and Germany.The findings indicate that from the experiences of the United States and China with the use of new panopticism mass surveillance programs, both countries can be identified as paranoid states. Furthermore, the reflection of these two countries is used to examine the phenomenon of surveillance tool purchases and related policies in Indonesia. The results and conclusions of this study show that surveillance technology and spyware are extensively used to collect information, potentially violating human rights and constituting state crime.

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The essay reflects on the work of Adrian Lapian (1929 until 2011), an Indonesian scholar of archipelagic/maritime Southeast Asia and its sea people sea pirates sea kings. The essay suggests that Lapians writing mirrors navigation at sea, and the constant reorientation and ever changing, multiple points of view that are part of it. This is contrasted to Foucaults panopticism and academic desire for discipline. Taking cue from Lapians writing and from the present authors experience of seafaring, the essay envisions Southeast Asian studies as a fluid, precarious, disorienting, even nauseating multiplicity of experiences, dialogues, and moving, unstable, and uncertain points of view, a style of learning that is less (neo)colonial, more humble, and closer to experiences in the region, than super scholarship that imposes universalizing, panoptic standards, theories and methods (typically self styled as new) that reduce the particular into a specimen of the general, a cell in the Panopticon. The essay concludes with reflections on certain learning initiatives/traditions at the National University of Singapore, including seafaring voyages experiences, encounters, and conversations that make students and scholars alike to move and see differently, to be touched, blown away, rocked, swayed, disoriented, swallowed, transformed, and feel anew their places, roots, bonds, distances, fears, blindness, powerlessness.