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"Produksi batubara di Indonesia terus meningkat untuk memenuhi kebutuhan energi nasional dan permintaan ekspor. Limbah padat dari proses pembakaran batubara diperkirakan bertambah secara signifikan, salah satu limbah berbahaya pertambangan adalah TENORM, namun sebagian TENORM tergolong barang produksi yang memiliki nilai ekonomi. Masalah dalam penelitian ini limbah yang mengandung TENORM memiliki volume yang cukup besar, serta aktivitas pembuangan, penggunaan, dan daur ulang TENORM berpotensi menyebabkan kontaminasi bagi pekerja di PLTU dan lingkungan sekitar. Tujuan penelitian adalah menganalisis tingkat radiasi TENORM dari abu batubara PLTU, persepsi sosial-ekonomi pekerja PLTU, efektivitas penyuluhan proteksi radiasi TENORM, serta membuat model pola proteksi radiasi TENORM agar sesuai dengan PP No 33 tahun 2007. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode campuran dengan pendekatan kuantitatif. Instrumentasi pengumpulan data berupa kuesioner, dan analisis statistik dengan model SEM untuk membuat model pola proteksi. Hasil penelitian menunjukan tingkat konsentrasi radioaktivitas TENORM berada dibawah nilai ambang batas, namun secara akumulasi telah melebihi nilai ambang batas. Persepsi sosial-ekonomi pekerja di PLTU Suralaya terkait risiko paparan radiasi TENORM masih rendah, namun pekerja telah memiliki asuransi kesehatan. Model SEM pola proteksi menunjukan terdapat pengaruh signifikan antara variabel WTP setelah penyuluhan dengan variabel penerimaan terhadap Proteksi TENORM sebesar 0,730, pengetahuan TENORM sebelum dan setelah penyuluhan sebesar 0,627, dan penerimaan terhadap proteksi TENORM terhadap pengetahuan TENORM sebesar 0,648. Kesimpulan penelitian yaitu konsentrasi radiasi TENORM pada tiga lokasi pengukuran secara akumulatif telah melebihi ambang batas. Tingkat pengetahuan pekerja terkait radiasi TENORM sebelum penyuluhan masih sangat rendah. Efektivitas penyuluhan proteksi radiasi TENORM pada pekerja sebesar 100%. Model SEM pola proteksi radiasi TENORM terhadap pekerja PLTU Suralaya sesuai dengan regulasi.

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Coal production in Indonesia is estimated to continue to increase to meet national energy needs and export demand. Solid waste from the coal combustion process is estimated to increase significantly if it is not utilized effectively. One of the hazardous mining wastes is TENORM, but some TENORM are classified as production goods with economic value. The problem with this research is that waste containing TENORM has a large enough volume. TENORM's disposal, use and recycling activities have the potential to contaminate workers at the PLTU and the surrounding environment. The study aimed to analyze TENORM radiation levels, socio-economic perceptions of PLTU workers, the effectiveness of TENORM radiation protection education, and create a TENORM radiation protection pattern model to comply with the Republic of Indonesia Government Regulation No.33 of 2007. The method used is a mixed method with a quantitative approach. Data collection and analysis obtained by questionnaire and statistical analysis using the SEM model to create a protection pattern model. The results showed that the concentration level of TENORM radioactivity at each measurement location was below the threshold value, but cumulatively it exceeded the threshold value. The socio-economic perception of workers at PLTU Suralaya regarding the risk of TENORM radiation exposure is still low, but workers already have health insurance. The protection pattern's SEM model shows a significant positive relationship between the WTP variable and the variable Acceptance of TENORM Protection, Acceptance of TENORM Protection and Knowledge of TENORM before and after counselling. The study concludes that the TENORM radiation concentration at the three measurement locations has cumulatively exceeded the threshold. The knowledge of workers related to TENORM radiation before counselling is still deficient. The effectiveness of TENORM radiation protection counselling to workers is 100%. The SEM model of the TENORM radiation protection pattern for PLTU Suralaya workers complies with regulations."

"Pembakaran batu bara di pembangkit listrik menghasilkan polutan yang salah satunya sulfur dioksida. Sulfur dioksida dapat menyebabkan batuk, sakit tenggorokan, mengi, sesak napas, sesak dada hingga menyebabkan edema, bronkopasme, dan pneumonitis. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengestimasi besaran risiko kesehatan pada pekerja akibat pajanan konsentrasi SO2 pada pekerja di PLTU Suralaya. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode Analisis Risiko Kesehatan Lingkungan (ARKL). Sampel dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 75 pekerja yang diambil secara purposive sampling. Hasil pengukuran sulfur dioksida rata-rata di empat titik sebesar 0.0335 mg/m3 dan masih dibawah baku mutu. Hal penelitian ini menunjukkan nilai intake dari pajanan SO2 pada pekerja didapatkan nilai rata-rata sebesar 0.00047 mg/kg/hari sedangkan nilai besaran risiko yang didapatkan sebesar 0.0187 yang artinya tingkat risiko pada pekerja masuk ke dalam kelompok aman. Hasil proyeksi terhadap tingkat risiko pada tahun ke 5 hingga tahun ke 30 mengalami peningkatan. Pekerja juga mengalami gejala gangguan pernapasan diantaranya batuk, dahak, sesak napas, mengi, nyeri dada, dan napas berat. Pentingnya upaya preventif pada pekerja di PLTU agar dapat meminimalisir pajanan SO2 dengan menggunakan APD serta pihak PLTU dapat mengembangkan teknologi modern agar meminimalisir polutan akibat pembaran batu bara.

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Burning coals in power plants produces pollutants, one of which is sulfur dioxide. Sulfur dioxide can cause coughing, sore throat, wheezing, shortness of breath, chest tightness, edema, bronchospasm, and pneumonitis. This research aims to estimate the amount of health risk in workers due to exposure to SO2 concentrations in workers at the PLTU Suralaya Banten. This research uses the Environmental Health Risk Analysis (ARKL) method. The sample in this research was 7 workers who were taken by purposive sampling. The average sulfur dioxide measurement results at four points are 0.0335 mg/m3 and are still below the quality standard. The results of this research indicate that the intake value of SO2 exposure in workers obtained an average value of 0.00047 mg/kg/day while the value of the magnitude of risk obtained was 0.0187 which means that the risk level for workers is included in the safe group. The results of the projections of the level of risk in the 5th to 30th years have increased. Workers also experience symptoms of respiratory problems including chough, phlegm, shortness of breath, wheezing, chest pain, and heavy breathing. The importance of preventive efforts for workers at PLTU in order to minimize SO2 exposure by using PPE and the PLTU can develop modern technology to minimize pollutants due to coal burning

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"Salah satu penyebab terjadinya gangguan fungsi paru yaitu pajanan debu batubara. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan hubungan pajanan debu batubara dan gangguan fungsi paru pada pekerja. Metode yang digunakan desain Cross Sectional dengan sampel 72 pekerja. Gangguan fungsi paru diperoleh dari data kesehatan perusahaan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa gangguan fungsi paru restriksi 8,3%, obstruksi 2,8%, dan kombinasi 2,8%. Analisis bivariat menunjukkan gangguan fungsi paru berhubungan dengan masa kerja (p = 0,46). Namun pajanan debu batubara, umur, dan penggunaan alat pelindung pernapasan, ada kecenderungan untuk menjadi faktor risiko terjadinya gangguan fungsi paru.

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One of the causes of lung function disorder in health problems is coal dust exposure. This study aims to describe the relationship of coal dust exposure and lung function disorder in workers. The method used cross-sectional design with a sample of 72 workers. Lung function disorder data is obtained from the company health data. The results of this research showed that the restriction of pulmonary function disorder 8.3%, obstruction 2,8%, and a combination of restriction and obstruction 2.8%. Bivariate analysis showed lung function disorder associated with year of work experience (p=0,46). However, coal dust exposure, age, and the using of respiratory protective equipment showed there is a tendency to get risk for lung fungtion disorders."