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Abstrak :
[ABSTRAK
Pendahuluan: Di Indonesia toluena merupakan zat kimia yang banyak digunakan dalam bidang industri saat ini. Nilai Ambang Batas (NAB) menurut Surat Edaran Menteri Tenaga Kerja No. SE-01/MEN/1997 untuk toluena adalah 50 ppm. Toluena dapat mempengaruhi seluruh organ baik secara akut maupun kronis termasuk proses spermatogenesis. Data pajanan toluena yang mempengaruhi spermatogenesis masih terbatas dan kontroversial. Metode: Disain penelitian menggunakan true experimental dengan mencari hubungan antara variabel bebas dosis pajanan (toluena) dengan variabel terikatnya yaitu kadar malondialdehyde (MDA) di dalam jaringan darah, testikel serta jumlah sel spermatogonia A tikus wistar jantan. Proses pajanan dibagi menjadi lima kelompok yang berbeda (12,5 part permillion [ppm], 25 ppm, 50 ppm, 100 ppm, dan kontrol dengan pemajanan dilakukan 4 jam tiap hari selama 14 hari. Penilaian MDA menggunakan metode periodic acid Schiff (PAS) dan perhitungan Jumlah Sel Spermatogonia A menggunakan rumus Abercrombie. Hasil: Pemajanan toluena secara statistik bermakna (p=0.005) menyebabkan penurunan terhadap Jumlah Sel Spermatogonia A. Jumlah Sel Spermatogonia A sudah mulai mengalami penurunan pada pajanan toluena 12,5 ppm. Pada uji korelasi Spearman didapatkan r=-0.683 dan p<0.001 antara tingkat pajanan toluena dengan Jumlah Sel Spermatogonia A. Kesimpulan: Pemajanan toluena selama 2 minggu sebesar 12,5 ppm sudah dapat menganggu sel Spermatogenia A.

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ABSTRACT
Introduction: Currently in Indonesia, toluene is a chemical that is widely used in the industrial field. Threshold Limit Values (TLV) for toluene according to the Minister of Labour Circular Letter No. SE-01 /MEN/1997 is 50 ppm. Toluene can affect all organs of both acute and chronic, including the process of spermatogenesis. The availability of data regarding the toluene exposure which can affect the spermatogenesis is still limited and therefore it is also still controversial. Methods: This study is a true experimental research design aimed to find the correlation between the independent variable, which is the exposure dose (toluene) and the dependent variable, i.e. the of level of malondialdehyde (MDA) in the blood tissue and testicles, and the number of spermatogenia A cells of male Wistar rats. Exposure process is divided into five distinct groups (12.5 parts permillion [ppm], 25 ppm, 50 ppm, 100 ppm, and control, where the rats are exposed 4 hours per day for 14 days). MDA level is assessed by using the Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances (TBARS) method. Testical staining is done by using the Periodic Acid Schiff (PAS) and numbers of the spermatogenia A cells are calculated by using the Abercrombie formula. Results: This study indicates that toluene exposure significantly led to a reduction of the number of spermatogenia A cells (p=0.005). Number of spermatogenia A cells has started to decline at 12.5 ppm of toluene exposure. Spearman correlation test between the toluene exposure levels and the number of spermatogenia A cells shows r=0.683 (p<0.001). Conclusion: Toluene exposure for 2 weeks at 12.5 ppm has appeared to be able to disrupt the number of spermatogenia A., Introduction: Currently in Indonesia, toluene is a chemical that is widely used in the industrial field. Threshold Limit Values (TLV) for toluene according to the Minister of Labour Circular Letter No. SE-01 /MEN/1997 is 50 ppm. Toluene can affect all organs of both acute and chronic, including the process of spermatogenesis. The availability of data regarding the toluene exposure which can affect the spermatogenesis is still limited and therefore it is also still controversial. Methods: This study is a true experimental research design aimed to find the correlation between the independent variable, which is the exposure dose (toluene) and the dependent variable, i.e. the of level of malondialdehyde (MDA) in the blood tissue and testicles, and the number of spermatogenia A cells of male Wistar rats. Exposure process is divided into five distinct groups (12.5 parts permillion [ppm], 25 ppm, 50 ppm, 100 ppm, and control, where the rats are exposed 4 hours per day for 14 days). MDA level is assessed by using the Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances (TBARS) method. Testical staining is done by using the Periodic Acid Schiff (PAS) and numbers of the spermatogenia A cells are calculated by using the Abercrombie formula. Results: This study indicates that toluene exposure significantly led to a reduction of the number of spermatogenia A cells (p=0.005). Number of spermatogenia A cells has started to decline at 12.5 ppm of toluene exposure. Spearman correlation test between the toluene exposure levels and the number of spermatogenia A cells shows r=0.683 (p<0.001). Conclusion: Toluene exposure for 2 weeks at 12.5 ppm has appeared to be able to disrupt the number of spermatogenia A.]

Abstrak :
Penelitian ini membahas penilaian risiko keselamatan kerja pada aktivitas pengapalan minyak mentah dari tanki timbun minyak mentah hingga titik serah terima (meter pengapalan minyak mentah) pada Terminal Tanjung Santan PT X tahun 2017. Penilaian risiko diawali dengan mengidentifikasi bahaya pada setiap aktivitas pengapalan yang dilakukan, kemudian bahaya yang ada dianalisa untuk mengetahui nilai kemungkinan, pemajanan dan konsekuensi dari setiap aktivitas yang dilakukan. Kemudian nilai tersebut dibandingkan dengan standar level risiko semikuantitatif W.T. Fine J untuk mengetahui level risiko pada setiap aktivitas pengapalan minyak mentah. Penelitian dilakukan dengan desain deskriptif dan analitik melalui data primer hasil observasi dan wawancara serta data sekunder dari literatur dan dokumen perusahaan. Hasil penelitian menggambarkan level risiko aktivitas pengapalan minyak mentah masuk kedalam kategori level: acceptable, priority 3, substantial, priority 1,dan very high. ......This study discusses the occupational safety risk assessment during crude oil shipment activity from crude oil storage tank to the point of handling (crude shipping meter) at Tanjung Santan Terminal PT X year 2017. Risk assessment begins with identifying the hazards in each shipping activity performed. There are analyzed to determine the value of the possibility, exposure and consequences of each activity undertaken. Then the value is compared with W.T Fine J semiquantitative risk level standard to determine the level of risks on each crude oil shipping activity.The study was conducted with descriptive and analytic design through primary data observations and interviews and secondary data from literature and company. The results of this study illustrate the risk level of crude oil shipments into the categories of acceptable, priority 3, substantial, priority 1, and very high.

Abstrak :
Penelitian ini membahas Penilaian Risiko Keselamatan Kerja dari Bahaya Fisik pada Operator Pigging pada Stasiun Penerimaan Pig di PT. X Tahun 2013, penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif analaitik. Desain studi yang digunakan merupakan desai studi berdasarkan standar AS/NZS 4360:2004 dengan metode semi kuantitatif menggunakan Joh Hazard Analysis (JHA). Analisis Risiko dilakukan dengan menganalisis nilai konsekuensi, peluang, dan frekuensi, yang dianalisis dengan menggunakan Metode Fine yang ada pada AS/NZS 4360:2004. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ditemukan level risiko substansial dan priority 3. Oleh karena itu, diberikan rekomendasi yang bersifat engineering dan administratif. ......This risk assesment of safety research that was held at Pig Receiver Station at PT. X in 2013, is a descriptif analytic study. This design used a study design basedon standard AS/NZS 4360:2004 with semi-quantitative method using the Joh Hazard Analysis (JHA). Risk analyzes were conducted to analyze the velue of the consequences, opportunities and frequency and analyzed using the methods of Fine existing AS/NZS 4360:2004. The result showed that level of risk is substantial and priority 3. Therefore, given the recommendation that is engineering and administrative.