Hasil Pencarian  ::  Simpan CSV :: Kembali

"Pendahuluan: Berdasarkan intensitas, durasi, dan bagaimana energi untuk kerja otot dihasilkan, latihan fisik dibagi menjadi latihan fisik aerobik dan anaerobik. Beberapa penelitian menunjukkan adanya hubungan antara latihan fisik dengan perubahan panjang telomer sel darah putih SDP , dan sel otot jantung. Pemendekan telomer SDP sering dihubungkan dengan penyakit kronik tidak menular, salah satunya penyakit kardiovaskular. Di Indonesia belum ada penelitian yang membandingkan pengaruh latihan fisik aerobik dan anaerobik terhadap perubahan panjang telomer SDP dan sel otot jantungTujuan: Membandingkan efek latihan fisik aerobik dan anaerobik terhadap perubahan panjang telomer SDP dan sel otot jantungMetode: Penelitian ini menggunakan 24 tikus putih jantan berusia 11-13 bulan, berat rata-rata 300 gram. Dibagi secara acak dalam 3 kelompok: 1 kontrol; 2 latihan fisik aerobik; 3 latihan fisik anaerobik. Latihan fisik dilakukan 5 kali/minggu selama 4 dan 12 minggu. Perhitungan panjang telomer relatif menggunakan Real-Time PCR.Hasil: Secara signifikan terdapat perbedaan panjang telomer relatif SDP kelompok aerobik 4 minggu dan 12 minggu dibanding kontrol 4 minggu p=0,012 dan p=0,009 . Tidak terdapat perbedaan bermakna kelompok anaerobik 4 dan 12 minggu dibanding kontrol 4 minggu p=0,208 dan p=0,141 . Tidak terdapat perbedaan bermakna panjang telomer relatif sel otot jantung kelompok aerobik maupun anaerobik dibanding kontrol.Kesimpulan: Latihan fisik aerobik memberikan efek lebih baik dibanding anaerobik dalam perubahan panjang telomer SDP. Sedangkan latihan fisik aerobik maupun anaerobik tidak mempengaruhi perubahan panjang telomer sel otot jantung.Kata Kunci: Latihan fisik aerobik, latihan fisik anaerobik, telomer, sel darah putih, sel otot jantung

---

Introduction Aerobic and anaerobic physical exercise are two types of physical exercise that differ based on the intensity, interval, and type of muscle fibers incorporated. Telomere length TL of leukocyte, a measure of replicative senescence, decreases with aging. Recent evidence supports that telomere length of leukocytes may be inversely correlated with the risk of several age related diseases. In Indonesia, there has been no specific research to find out the effect of aerobic and anaerobic physical exercise on changes in telomere length of leukocyte and cardiomyocyte.Methods This study was conducted on 24 male white rats Rattus norvegicus 250 300 grams age 11 13 months, randomly allocated into 3 groups 1 control 2 aerobic physical exercise APE and 3 anaerobic physical exercise AnPE . Physical exercise was performed 5 times a week, for 4 and 12 weeks. Measurement of relative telomere length using Real Time PCR.Result Relative leukocyte TL was found significantly longer in 4 and 12 weeks APE group compared to 4 week control p 0,012 and p 0,009 . Relative leukocyte TL was found not significantly different between 4 and 12 weeks AnPE group compared 4 weeks control group p 0,208 and p 0,141 . Cardiomyocyte relative telomere length APE and AnPE are no significantly better compare to control group.Conclusion Leukocyte TL is preserved in group of APE.Keywords Aerobic physical exercise, anaerobic physical exercise, telomere length, leukocyte, cardiomyocyte."

"Latar belakang. Latihan fisik yang dijalankan secara teratur dengan intensitas dan durasi tertentu akan merangsang remodeling jantung sebagai usaha untuk mempertahankan fungsi ventrikel terhadap peningkatan beban biomekanik pada jantung. Diperkirakan bahwa latihan fisik jangka panjang menimbulkan remodeling jantung menyerupai hipertrofi kardiomiopati, berupa hipertrofi miosit dengan kekacauan tatanan miosit, fibrosis, apoptosis dan ko-lokalisasi gap junction. Tujuan penelitian. Mengetahui dampak latihan fisik jangka panjang dan henti-latih pada remodeling kardiomiosit. Metode penelitian. Penelitian eksperimental in vivo pada tikus Wistar ini dilakukan di Departemen Biokimia dan Biologi Molekuler, Laboratorium Imunohistologi Departemen Patologi Anatomi dan Bagian Fisiologi, FKUI. Latihan fisik dengan intensitas dan jangka waktu latihan yang berbeda, serta henti latih setelah periode latihan diterapkan pada tikus Wistar jantan dewasa muda. Dilakukan analisis terhadap perubahan morfologi kardiomiosit, fibrosis, apoptosis (ekspresi Caspase-3, Bax dan Bcl-2), gap junction (ekspresi Connexin43) dan pola EKG. Perubahan morfologi kardiomiosit diamati menggunakan pulasan Hematoxylin Eosin, fibrosis diamati menggunakan pulasan Masson?s Trichrome, sedangkan ekspresi Caspase-3, Bax, Bcl-2 dan Connexin43 diamati melalui pulasan imunohistokimia. Rekaman EKG dilakukan dengan filter 100 Hz, pada kecepatan kertas 50 mm/detik dan kepekaan 1 mV = 20 mm. Hasil dan pembahasan. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa latihan aerobik dan anaerobik menimbulkan hipertrofi eksentrik dengan peningkatan fibrosis dan apoptosis serta ko-lokalisasi gap junction ke arah lateral membran. Perubahan kardiomiosit, peningkatan fibrosis dan apoptosis lebih nyata pada latihan anaerobik dibandingkan latihan aerobik. Pola EKG menunjang adanya pembesaran ventrikel akibat latihan aerobik dan anaerobik disertai gangguan repolarisasi yang nyata terutama pada latihan anaerobik. Henti latih tidak mengembalikan morfologi miosit, apoptosis dan lokalisasi gap junction ke keadaan semula. Pola EKG setelah periode henti latih pada latihan aerobik tetap menunjukkan adanya hipertrofi ventrikel tanpa gangguan penghataran impuls yang berarti, namun pada latihan anaerobik tetap didapatkan gangguan repolarisasi berupa pemanjangan interval QTc yang bermakna. Kesimpulan. Remodeling kardiomiosit akibat latihan fisik jangka panjang tidak menyerupai struktur hipertrofi kardiomiopati, namun disertai peningkatan apoptosis, kolokalisasi Cx43 dan gangguan penghantaran impuls. Henti-latih tidak memulihkan remodeling jantung maupun gangguan penghantaran impuls listrik.

---

Background. Regular physical exercise with certain intensity and duration stimulates remodeling of the heart as an effort to preserve ventricular function against an increased biomechanical load. It is postulated that long-term exercise induces cardiac remodeling that resemble cardiomyopathy hypertrophy marked by cardiomyocyte disarray, fibrosis, apoptosis and co-localization of gap junction. Research objective. To study the effect of long-term physical exercise and detraining on cardiomyocyte remodeling.

Methodology. This in vivo experimental study was conducted at the Departement of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Immunohistology Laboratory of Departement of Pathological Anatomy and Departement of Physiology FMUI. Physical exercise with different intensity and periods of training was performed in groups of young adult male Wistar rats, followed by a period of detraining. Analysis of cardiomyocyte morphological changes, fibrosis, apoptosis (expression of Caspase-3, Bax and Bcl-2), gap junctions (expression Connexin43) and ECG pattern was conducted. Changes in cardiomyocyte morphology was observed using Haematoxylin Eosin staining, fibrosis was observed using Masson's Trichrome staining, whereas the expression of Caspase-3, Bax, Bcl-2 and Connexin43 was observed through immunohistochemical staining. ECG recording was done with a filter of 100 Hz, the paper speed of 50 mm/sec and the sensitivity of 1 mV = 20 mm.

Results and discussion. The results showed that aerobic and anaerobic exercises cause the development of eccentric hypertrophy, with increased fibrosis and apoptosis as well as co-localization of gap junction to the lateral site of the membrane. Cardiomyocyte remodeling, fibrosis and apoptosis were more prominent in anaerobic compared to aerobic exercise group. The ECG pattern supports enlargement of the ventricles due to aerobic and anaerobic exercises with noticeable repolarization disturbances, especially in the anaerobic group. Detraining did not return myocyte morphology, apoptosis and localization of gap junctions to its basic state. The ECG pattern after a period of detraining following aerobic exercise supports the existence of ventricular hypertrophy without significant disturbances in impulse conduction, however repolarization disturbances in the form of significant prolongation of QTc interval persist in the group with anaerobic exercise.

Conclusion. Cardiomyocyte remodeling due to long-term physical exercise did not resemble cardiomyopathy hypertrophy structure, although increased apoptosis, colocalization of Cx43 and distrbances in impuls conduction were observed. Detraining did not restore cardiac remodeling and disturbances in electrical impulse conduction."

"Dalam tatanan kebutuhan Maslow, tidur termasuk ke dalam kebutuhan fisiologis, jika kebutuhan fisiologis tidak bisa terpenuhi dengan baik, maka kebutuhan yang lainnya akan terganggu. Penurunan kualitas tidur menjadi salah satu keluhan yang sering dialami lansia. Insomnia merupakan salahsatu masalah tidur yang paling sering ditemukan pada lanjut usia. Faktor risiko terjadinya insomnia diantaranya faktor perubahan fisiologi lansia, faktor psikologis, dan faktor lingkungan. Insomnia yang tidak ditanyani dapat berdampak pada penurunan kualitas hidup lansia. Penulisan ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis penerapan evidence-based practices berupa intervensi unggulan dalam mengatasi insomnia pada lansia di Sasana Tresna Werdha RIA Pembangunan Cibubur. Intervensi yang dimaksud yaitu chair based exercise, yang dilakukan sembilan kali pertemuan dalam dua minggu, di mana satu kali pertemuan berdurasi 45 menit. Hasil dari evaluasi menunjukkan adanya penurunan skor Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Berdasarkan hasil tersebut, chair based exercise dapat menjadi pilihan dalam mengatasi insomnia pada lansia. Limitasi dalam penelitian ini yaitu waktu, seharusnya intervensi ini diberikan dalam sepuluh minggu, tetapi penulis hanya melakukan dalam dua minggu. Penulis merekomendasikan adanya peningkatan uasaha dalam memotivasi lansia untuk ikut serta dalam kegiatan latihan fisik yang serupa yang sudah diprogramkan setiap harinya.

---

Sleep is an essential physiological need from Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs Theory. If these needs are not satisfied the human body cannot function optimally. Decreased sleep quality is one of the complaints that elderly people often experience. Risk factors for insomnia include psychological change among older adults, psychosocial, and environtmental. Untreated insomnia can interfere with the quality of life of the elderly. The purpose of this article is to explore the application of evidence-based practices in the form of superior interventions to overcome insomnia in the elderly at Sasana Tresna Werdha RIA Pembangunan Cibubur. The intervention is a chair based exercise which is carried out for 45 minutes, with a frequency of 9x/2 weeks. The results of this scientific paper show that the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) score decreased. Based on these results, chair based exercise can be an option in overcoming insomnia in the elderly. The limitation of this study is time, this intervention should have been given in ten weeks, but the author only did it in two weeks. The author recommends increasing efforts to motivate elderly people to participate in physical exercise activities that have been programmed everyday."

"Lansia merupakan tahap terakhir dari perkembangan dan pertumbuhan manusia ditandai dengan adanya penurunan berbagai sistema dan fungsi tubuh. Sistem muskuloskeletal merupakan salah satu fisiolgis yang berdampak seperti penurunan kekuatan otot, kekauan sendi dan redistribusi massa otot. Perubahan tersebut salah satunya mengakibatkan arthritis yang dapat bermanifestasi menjadi nyeri. Nyeri yang dirasakan lebih dari 3 bulan dapat dikageorikan menjadi nyeri kronik. Format pengkajian yang dilakukan penulis menggunakan metode palliative, quality, región, severity dan time (PQRST). Salah satu intervensi keperawatan yang dapat diberikan untuk menangani masalah nyeri kronik adalah physical exercise program. Physical exercise program dipilih sebagai metode untuk menurunkan skala nyeri. Hasil yang didapatkan selama delapan kali melakukan latihan ini, menunjukkan adanya penurunan rata-rata skala nyeri dari 5 menjadi 3,25. Sehingga terdpat penurunan rata-rata skala nyeri sebanyak 1,75. Latihan ini direkomendasikan untuk diterapkan di setting long-term care sebagai aktivitas latihan yang bisa dijadwalkan untuk menurunkan skala nyeri.

---

Elderly is the last stage of human development and growth which is characterized by a decrease in various systems and bodily functions. The musculoskeletal system is one of the physiological effects such as decreased muscle strength, joint loss and redistribution of muscle mass. These changes one of which resulted in arthritis that can manifest into pain. Pain that is felt for more than 3 months can be categorized into chronic pain. The assessment format conducted by the author uses the palliative, quality, region, severity and time (PQRST) methods. One of the nursing interventions that can be given to deal with chronic pain is the physical exercise program. Physical exercise program was chosen as a method to reduce pain scale. The results obtained for eight times doing this exercise, showed an average pain scale from 5 to 3.25. That there is a decrease in the average pain scale of 1.75. This exercise is recommended to be applied in a long-term care setting as an exercise activity that can be scheduled to reduce the pain scale."

"ABSTRAKDepresi merupakan masalah psikososial yang sering terjadi pada lansia akibat ketidakmampuan adaptasi masa tua. Namun, melakukan aktivitas fisik dapat mencegah timbulnya masalah psikososial pada lansia. Desain penelitian ini menggunakan deskriptif cross sectional dengan teknik purposive sampling yang bertujuan untuk melihat gambaran tingkat depresi lansia yang melakukan senam. Pengumpulan data menggunakan instrumen Geriatric Depression Scale dan absensi kehadiran senam. Hasil penelitian terhadap 74 lansia yang mengikuti senam didapatkan mayoritas 65% lansia yang aktif senam tidak mengalami depresi sedangkan 58,8% lansia yang tidak aktif senam lebih banyak mengalami depresi ringan. Oleh karena itu, perawat dan petugas panti perlu memotivasi lansia untuk melakukan senam lansia secara rutin sehingga dapat menurunkan kejadian depresi di panti.

---

ABSTRACTDepression is a psychological problem that often occurs in the elderly due to inability to adapt to the aging. However, depression can be prevented by undertaking physical exercise activity. The aim of this study was to describe the level of depression in elderly who perform physical exercise. The design of this study was descriptive cross sectional study with purposive sampling technique. Data were collected using instruments Geriatric Depression Scale and observation form of physical exercise. The result showed that 74 elderly who undertook physical exercise 65% did not experience depression, while 58.8% who did not perform exercise experienced mild depression. Nurses and social workers should motivate elderly to get into physical exercise in order to reduce the incidence of depression in aged-care institution."

"Latar belakang: Salah satu penyebab inkapasitasi pada pilot adalah penyakit kardiovaskular sehingga perlu dilakukan pengendalian faktor risiko untuk mencegah progresivitas penyakit tersebut, diantaranya adalah dengan melakukan latihan fisik sesuai dengan rekomendasi ACSM. Oleh karena itu perlu dilakukan penelitian mengenai faktor-faktor yang berhubungan terhadap kebiasaan latihan fisik pada pilot sipil di Indonesia. Hasil: 46,17% subjek memiliki kebiasaan latihan fisik sesuai rekomendasi ACSM, sedangkan 53,83% tidak memiliki kebiasaan latihan fisik yang sesuai. Jika dibandingkan dengan pilot yang mempunyai persepsi latihan fisik tidak penting bagi kesehatan, maka pilot dengan persepsi latihan fisik yang sangat penting bagi kesehatan nampaknya lebih besar 1,64 kali lipat memiliki kebiasaan latihan fisik sesuai. Simpulan: Faktor risiko yang berpengaruh terhadap kebiasaan latihan fisik adalah persepsi pentingnya latihan fisik bagi kesehatan, jam terbang 7 hari terakhir, IMT serta Indeks Brinkman.

---

Background: One of the most dangerous causes of incapacitation among the civil pilot is cardiovascular disease. To prevent it, those risk factors must be manageable by doing physical exercise based on the ACSM recommendation. The study objective is to identify the factors that related with the physical exercise habit among the civil pilots in Indonesia.

Method: A cross sectional study based on the Healthy Lifestyle Survey towards 600 civil pilots, who did their medical examination at the Aviation Medical Center, Jakarta and met the inclusion/exclusion criteria. The collected data were demographic and job characteristics, physical exercise habits, body weight, heights. The data was obtained through interview and physical examinations. Pilot was categorized as having an appropriate physical exercise habit if he/she spent 150 minutes of moderate intensity exercise per week or 75 minutes of vigorous intensity exercise per week.

Results: 46.17% subjects had appropriate physical exercise habit based on ACSM recommendation; meanwhile 53.83% subjects did not. Compared to the pilot who perceived that physical exercise is not important for health, pilot who perceived that physical exercise is very important for health is 1, 64 times more likely to have appropriate physical exercise.

Conclusion: Risk factors of the inappropriate physical exercise habit among the civil pilot are perceived importance of physical exercise, flight hour in 7 consecutive days, BMI, and Brinkman Index."

"ABSTRAKLatihan fisik merupakan hal yang penting untuk kesehatan namun dapat pula meningkatkan stres oksidatif yang menyebabkan peningkatan Reactive Oxygen Species ROS . Superoksida dismutase SOD adalah antioksidan endogen yang terdapat dalam tubuh, merupakan enzim yang mengkatalisis dismutasi ion superoksida radikal O2- menjadi hidrogen peroksida H2O2 dan molekul oksogen O2 sebagai perlawanan terhadap stres oksidatif.Akupunktur merupakan salah satu modalitas terapi yang diharapkan dapat mengurangi stress oksidatif yang terjadi akibat latihan fisik. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada tiga puluh pria tidak terlatih yang dibagi secara acak menjadi dua kelompok, kelompok akupunktur manual n = 15 yang dilakukan penusukan pada titik akupunktur ST36 dan SP6 bilateral, dan kelompok plasebo n = 15 yang dilakukan penusukan jarum pada plester tanpa menembus kulit. Terapi akupunktur dilakukan satu kali selama 30 menit segera setelah subyek selesai melakukan latihan fisik akut.. Penilaian kadar SOD darah dinilai sebelum latihan fisik dan satu jam setelah melakukan latihan fisik. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan terdapat perbedaan bermakna secara statistik selisih kadar SOD antara sebelum dan sesudah latihan fisik antara kelompok akupunktur manual dan kelompok plasebo p = 0,001.

---

ABSTRACTPhysical exercise is important for health but can also increase oxidative stress that induce Reactive Oxygen Species ROS . Superoxide dismutase SOD is endogenous antioxidants found in the body, an enzyme that catalyzes the dismutation of radical superoxide ions O2 into hydrogen peroxide H2O2 and oxygen molecules O2 against oxidative stress Acupuncture is one of the therapeutic modalities that is expected to reduce oxidative stress that occurs due to physical exercise. The study was conducted on thirty untrained men who were randomly divided into two groups, the manual acupuncture group n 15 performed acupuncture therapy at bilateral ST36 and SP6 acupuncture points, and the placebo group n 15 performed the needle stitching on the plaster without penetrating the skin. Acupuncture therapy is performed once for 30 minutes immediately after the subjects have finished acute physical exercise. Assessment of the blood SOD level was assessed before physical exercise and one hour after physical exercise. The results of this study showed a statistically significant difference in the difference between the level of SOD before and after physical exercise between the manual acupuncture group and placebo group p 0.001. "

"Lansia merupakan tahap terakhir dari perkembangan dan pertumbuhan manusia ditandai dengan adanya penurunan berbagai sistema dan fungsi tubuh. Sistem muskuloskeletal merupakan salah satu fisiolgis yang berdampak seperti penurunan kekuatan otot, kekauan sendi dan redistribusi massa otot. Perubahan tersebut salah satunya mengakibatkan arthritis yang dapat bermanifestasi menjadi nyeri. Nyeri yang dirasakan lebih dari 3 bulan dapat dikageorikan menjadi nyeri kronik. Format pengkajian yang dilakukan penulis menggunakan metode palliative, quality, región, severity dan time (PQRST). Salah satu intervensi keperawatan yang dapat diberikan untuk menangani masalah nyeri kronik adalah physical exercise program. Physical exercise program dipilih sebagai metode untuk menurunkan skala nyeri. Hasil yang didapatkan selama delapan kali melakukan latihan ini, menunjukkan adanya penurunan rata-rata skala nyeri dari 5 menjadi 3,25. Sehingga terdpat penurunan rata-rata skala nyeri sebanyak 1,75. Latihan ini direkomendasikan untuk diterapkan di setting long-term care sebagai aktivitas latihan yang bisa dijadwalkan untuk menurunkan skala nyeri.

---

Elderly is the last stage of human development and growth which is characterized by a decrease in various systems and bodily functions. The musculoskeletal system is one of the physiological effects such as decreased muscle strength, joint loss and redistribution of muscle mass. These changes one of which resulted in arthritis that can manifest into pain. Pain that is felt for more than 3 months can be categorized into chronic pain. The assessment format conducted by the author uses the palliative, quality, region, severity and time (PQRST) methods. One of the nursing interventions that can be given to deal with chronic pain is the physical exercise program. Physical exercise program was chosen as a method to reduce pain scale. The results obtained for eight times doing this exercise, showed an average pain scale from 5 to 3.25. That there is a decrease in the average pain scale of 1.75. This exercise is recommended to be applied in a long-term care setting as an exercise activity that can be scheduled to reduce the pain scale."

"Hipertensi merupakan penyakit kronik akibat gangguan sistem sirkulasi darah telah menjadi masalah besar bagi kesehatan masyarakat. Survei Kesehatan Rumah Tangga (SKRT) tahun 1995 menyebutkan bahwa penyakit sirkulasi ini pada kelompok umur 45-60 tahun mencapai 20.9%, sedang pada umur diatas 60 tahun angka ini mencapai 29.5%. Demikian juga pada tahun 1995 penyakit sirkulasi menduduki urutan pertama-penyebab kematian pada lansia, yakni sebesar 18.9%.Penelitian pendahuluan terhadap 90 lansia di Kota Depok pada tahun 2001 didapatkan proporsi hipertensi sebesar 50.0%, dan berdasarkan jenis kelamin pada laki-laki sebesar 41.9%, sedang pada perempuan 57.4%, dan angka ini jauh lebih besar dari prevalensi hipertensi yang ditetapkan oleh Depkes RI (20-30%) untuk lansia di tahun 2000.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat faktor-faktor yang diduga berhubungan dengan hipertensi pada lansia di Kota Depok. Sampel dalam penelitian sebanyak 310 orang lansia (181 perempuan dan 129 laki-laki) berumur 55-93 tahun, dimana pengambilan sampel dilakukan secara rancangan stratifikasi proporsional di 4 wilayah puskesmas dari 24 puskesmas yang ada di Kota Depok.Penelitian ini melihat hubungan antara umur, jenis kelamin, riwayat keluarga, konsumsi natrium, konsumsi lemak, konsumsi kalsium, IMT, merokok, stress, aktivitas fisik, dan faktor sosial ekonomi (status perkawinan, status pendidikan, status pekerjaan, dan penghasilan keluarga), dengan hipertensi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa prevalensi hipertensi pada responden di Kota Depok sebesar 57.4%. Persentase ini lebih tinggi dibandingkan hasil penelitian sebelumnya.Berdasarkan analisis multivariat didapatkan hasil sebagai berikut: responden yang berumur 70 tahun berpeluang mendapat hipertensi 2.97 kali (95% CI: 1.3640-6.4610; p=0.0061) dibandingkan yang berumur 55-59 tahun, responden yang berumur 65-69 tahun berpeluang mendapat hipertensi 2.45 kali (95% CI: 1.2517-4.8134; p=0.0090) dibandingkan yang berumur 55-59 tahun dan responden yang berumur 60-64 tahun berpeluang mendapat hipertensi 2.18 kali (95% CI: I.0971-4.3350; p=0.0261) dibandingkan yang berumur 55-59 tahun. Responden yang mempunyai riwayat keluarga hipertensi berpeluang mendapat hipertensi 1.97 kali (95% CI: 1.0816-3.5997) dibandingkan yang tidak punya riwayat keluarga hipertensi. Responden dengan derajat stres tinggi berpeluang mendapat hipertensi 3.02 kali (95% CI: 1.5262-6.0087; p=0.0015) dibandingkan yang derajat stres rendah, dan responden dengan derajat stres sedang berpeluang mendapat hipertensi 2.47 kali (95% CI: 1.3594-4.4900; p=0.0030) dibandingkan yang derajat stres rendah. Responden dengan aktivitas kurang berpeluang mendapat hipertensi 2.73 kali (95% CI: 1.6296-4.5649; p=0.0001) dibandingkan yang aktivitas cukup. Dan responden yang tidak kawin berpeluang mendapat hipertensi 2.07 kali (95% CI: 1.1414-3.7561;p=0.0166) dibandingkan yang kawin. Selanjutnya disimpulkan bahwa dari kelima variabel tersebut, derajat stres tinggi merupakan variabel yang paling dominan berhubungan dengan hipertensi.Berdasarkan faktor-faktor yang berhubungan secara signifikan dengan hipertensi, pada penelitian di atas, maka faktor yang dapat diintervensi adalah aktivitas fisik dan stres.Oleh karenanya sehubungan dengan faktor di atas, serta tingginya angka kejadian hipertensi pada lansia, maka saran yang dapat diberikan kepada Dinas Kesehatan Kota Depok serta jajaran di bawahnya, adalah meningkatkan program promosi penanggulangan hipertensi pada lansia melalui kegiatan latihan fisik berupa senam terapi 2 kali seminggu dan gerak jalan pagi, serta melakukan pembinaan mental/ kerohanian. Perlu diperhatikan untuk membentuk kelompok-kelompok lansia baru, terutama untuk komunitas yang sosial-ekonominya rendah.

---

Hypertension is a chronic disease, it caused to the problem on blood circulation system, and it has become a big problem to public health. Based on the Household Health Survey (SKRT) in 1995 mentioned that this disease at age group 45-60 years reach 20.9%, while at age over than 60 years this number reach 29.5%. It was also in 1995; this disease lies at the first line of death on elderly, i.e. 18.9%. The previous study to 90 elderly at Depok City in 2001, it was found that the proportion was 50.0%, and based on male it was 41,9%, while on female 57,4%, and this number was bigger than hypertension prevalence that stated by MOH RI (20-30%) for elderly in 2000.The objective of this study was to determine the factors that estimated related to hypertension on elderly at Depok City. The number of sample in this study was 310 elderly (181 females and 129 males) their age 55-93 years, where the sample took proportionally in four areas of Health Centers out of 24 Health Centers that available at Depok City. This study see the relationship among age, sex, family history, sodium consume, fatty consume, calcium consume, IMT, smoking, stress, physic activity, and social economy factors (marital status, education status, profession status, and family income), with hypertension. The result of this study shows that hypertension prevalence on respondent at Depok City was 57.4%. This presentation was higher than the previous study.Based on multivariate analysis it was found that the result as the followings: the respondent whose age z 70 years having tendency of hypertension 2.97 times (95% CI: 1.3640-6.4610; p=0.0061) compared to whose age 55-59 years. The respondent whose age 65-69 having tendency of hypertension 2.45 times (95% CI: 1.2517-4,8134; p=0.0090) compared with whose age 55-59 years. And the respondent whose age 60-64 having tendency of hypertension 2.18 times (95% Cl: 1.0971-4.3350; p=0.0261) compared with whose age 55-59 years. Respondent whose having family history on hypertension tend to have hypertension 1.97 times (95% CI: 1.0816-3.5997) compared to whose not having hypertension on family history. Respondent with higher stress tend to have hypertension 3.02 times (95% CI: 1.522622-6.0087; p=0.0015) compared whose is lower stress, and respondent with moderate stress tend to have hypertension 2.47 times (95% CI: 1,3594-4900; p=0.0030) compared to whose lower stress. Respondent with lack of activity tend to have hypertension 2.73 times (95% CI: 1.6296-4.5649; pO.0001) compared to whose enough activity. And respondent whose unmarried tend to have hypertension 2.07 times (95% CI: 1.1414-3756I;p=0.0166) compared with whose married. Then it concluded that from the fifth variables, the degree of high stress is a variable that the most dominant related to hypertension.Based on the factors that related significantly to hypertension in this study, so the factors that can be intervention, i.e. stress and physical activity. Therefore, referring the factors above, also the high rate of hypertension on elderly, so the recommendation that can be given to the Local Health Service of Depok City also it?s related. They are improving the program on promotion to overcome the hypertension for elderly through physical exercise in the form of gymnastic therapy, twice a week and morning jogging, also doing mental management/spiritual. It is considering establishing the new groups of elderly, especially to community with lower social economy."

"International diabetic federations (IDF) estimate in 2025 there will be about 333 million diabetisi in the world, and estimated number of diabetisi in Indonesia will reach 5,6 million , occupaying in level six in the world after IIndia, chinesse, Russia, Brazil and Japan. This research aim was to know relation between eating habits and physical exercise of diabetisi wiith occurance DM Complicationin RSUD Tasikmalaya. Research methods weared is survey with crossectional approach. sampel is 47 diabetisi was taken by purposive as according to criterion specified from population (89) . Data will analysed by Rank Spearman test. Result of this indicate that counted 28% diabetisi execute planning eat which is included in good category , only some of small (13%) physical execise of diabetisi which is the including good category. There is 40% of diabetisi having blood sugar rate including ugly category, and only some of small (9%) including good category, most of diabetisi have experienced of hipoglikemik (19 people), and cronic complication status a lot of diabetisi is neuropati. There was correlation between planning eating habit (p value: 0,000; p:0,532) physical exercisep (p value: 0,000; p: -0,583) with rate of sugar blood with complications status (p value : 0,000; p: 0,609). Conclusion from this research are progressively goodness of planning eating habit hence rate of blood sugar of diabetisi will be downhill, diligent to progressively do physical exercise as according to guidance which have been given hance rate of blood sugar will be occurance of status complication of diabetisi will be more easy to happened. Recommendation of this paper is improve understanding of diabetisi abaut bahavior of planning eating habits which must be accompanied by physical exercise as according to recommendation."