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"ABSTRAKDengan semakin berkembangnya metode soil improvement, khususnya denganmenggunakan Prefabricated Vertical Drain (PVD), maka diperlukan perhatiankhusus dalam menganalisa PVD. Pada umumnya kecepatan waktu konsolidasidipengaruhi oleh jarak dan panjang PVD. Analisa yang digunakan biasanyamenggunakan model konsolidasi 1 dimensi. Seiring perkembangan teknologikomputansi, perhitungan PVD dapat dilakukan dengan metode elemen hingga 3dimensi. Model 3 dimensi memiliki keakuratan yang baik namun tingkatkompleksitas yang lebih tinggi. Perhitungan PVD pada umumnya menggunakanmodel 2 dimensi / plane strain model. Agar model 2 dimensi memiliki keakuratanyang baik diperlukan ekivalensi permeabilitas tanah asli dan jarak PVD. Penulismenitikberatkan kedua hal tersebut dengan harapan diperoleh model yang tepatdalam perhitungan PVD sesuai dengan kenyataan di lapangan

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ABSTRACTWith the development of the soil improvement method, especially usingprefabricated vertical drain (PVD) it is necessary to analyize accurately. Generallythe rate of consolidation time depends on two factor, spacing and the length ofPVD. One dimension consolidation calculation is often used to analyze PVD.With development in computation technology, PVD calculation can be done byfinite element method three dimension which has good accuration but morecomplex. In fact, two dimension model used to calculate PVD in order to havegood accuration the permeability of soil and the spacing of PVD must beequivalent with three dimension model. Thw writer will focus in these factors inhopes to obtain the right PVD calculation model accordance with the fact in field;"

"This book offers a new calculation procedure of the structural behavior of grouped layout of silos, easy to use and with satisfactory responses.Groups of reinforced concrete silos are structures commonly used in the food industry, where it is usually necessary to separate the storage of different types and sources of grain.The grouped layout of silos has numerous benefits when compared with single-cell silos in which the emphasis is on creating further space for silage, normally referred to as interstice-a space formed between the edges of the groups cells. This economic benefit, on the other hand, raises a structural problem for the designer of this type of building, which is to assess the magnitude of bending moments and hoop forces due to the structural continuity of the walls in the interstice region of the cells. Bending moments assume extreme values exactly when the interstice is loaded and the other cells in the group are empty."

"Untuk mendapatkan kondisi regangan bidang pada uji tarik, modifikasi spesimen dilakukan. Modifikasi spesimen telah menunjukkan regangan minor yang bernilai nol untuk uji tarik yang dilakukan pada temperatur ruang sehingga kondisi regangan bidang dapat dicapai. Pengujian untuk kelayakan specimen dilanjutkan dengan melakukan uji tarik panas pada temperatur tinggi, untuk mengetahui apakah kondisi regangan bidang masih dapat dipertahankan pada temperatur tinggi. Material yang digunakan adalah baja HSLA ASTM A 572 grade 50. Selanjutnya, dilakukan pula pengamatan metalografi untuk mengamati perubahan mikrostruktur setelah uji tarik panas, yang dalam hal ini adalah ukuran butir ferrite. Hasilnya, untuk uji tarik panas yang dilakukan sampai 1,15 yield, kondisi regangan bidang dapat dipertahankan. Terkait dengan deformasi yang terjadi, didapat pula bahwa semakin besar reduksi ketebalan yang terjadi semakin halus butir ferrite. ......Modification of spesimen have done to get plane strain condition in tensile test. Modification of the specimens has shown zero minor strain on tensile test conducted at room temperature. Feasibility study of specimens followed by hot tensile testing at high temperatures, to determine whether plane strain condition can be maintained at high temperatures. The material used is a HSLA steel ASTM A 572 grade 50. Furthermore, metallographic observation has been conducted to get microstructure after hot tensile test, which the scope is ferrite grain size. Results, on hot tensile test is carried out until 1,15 yield point, plane strain condition can be maintained. Related to the deformation, it has found that the greater thickness reduction the finer ferrite grains that formed."