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"Finance is a crucial element for a China in full evolution after three decades of reform and opening up, this thesis therefore aims to analyze financial reforms in China from an institutional point of view. After attempting to decipher the puzzle between finance and growth, we discussed the reforms of financial institutions in China and the governments efforts to adopt the reforms focused on access to the CMO; We also analyzed non-performing loans (NPLs), a thorny problem for Chinese state-owned banks (SOBs) and / or enterprises (SOEs) without forgetting the theme of opening up the banking and financial sector to foreign competition. Finally, being a hot and controversial sector - a pillar of growth and a risk bubble at the same time, real estate is experiencing its specific course during its reforms from the old regime to the new mechanism in China. In fact, there are many economic and financial variables supporting the expansion of the real estate market in China."

"Pasca deregulasi bidang perbankan di tandai dengan meningkat nya tingkat persaingan yang semakin tinggi dalam bisnis perbankan dan meningkatnya tingkat kesehatan. Menganekaragaman jenis serta meningkatkan mutu pelayanan pada para nasabahnya mutlak di perlukan untuk meningkatkan pendapatan bank sehingga dapat memenuhi tuntutan pada saat ini. Jasa perbankan yang diberikan pada para nasabahnya yang kini berkembang sangat pesat adalah fee based operation. Kegiatan tersebut memiliki arti penting karena akan mempengaruhi tingkat likwiditas dan rentabilitas suatu bank. Dari kegiatan tersebutlah bank memperoleh nonrefundable fee."

"Many constitutions include provisions intended to limit the discretion of governments in economic policy. In times of financial crises, such provisions often come under pressure as a result of calls for exceptional responses to crisis situations. This volume assesses the ability of constitutional orders all over the world to cope with financial crises, and the demands for emergency powers that typically accompany them. Bringing together a variety of perspectives from legal scholars, economists, and political scientists, this volume traces the long-run implications of financial crises for constitutional order. In exploring the theoretical and practical problems raised by the constitutionalization of economic policy during times of severe crisis, this volume showcases an array of constitutional design options and the ways they channel governmental responses to emergency."

"This collection of cutting-edge scholarship examines the law and policy of financial regulation using a combination of conceptual analysis and strong empirical research. The book's authors range from global leaders to rising stars in the field, all of whom shed light on complex questions of financial sector regulation theory and practice in key economies ranging from the EU to China. Key topics include the role of law in constituting financial markets, the efficiency of markets, the role of interest groups in shaping financial regulation, the interdependence and interactions of international financial regulation with international trade and monetary regimes, and problems of regulation in state capitalism economies. This exciting volume opens the road for further enrichment of the academic and policy-making dialogue on financial regulation and regulatory practice, and reflects new trends in legal and social-science scholarship."

"Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh dari variabel ekonomi makro yaitu pengeluaran konsumsi rumah tangga, pengeluaran investasi, pengeluaran pemerintah dan net ekspor terhadap variabel terikat yaitu Indeks Harga Saham Gabungan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode analisis Vector Error Correction Model (VECM) dengan program EViews. Penelitian ini mengolah data secara triwulanan dengan urutan waktu atau time series dari triwulan keempat tahun 1995 sampai dengan triwulan keempat tahun 2014. Melalui analisis model VECM didapatkan hasil bahwa data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini stasioner pada diferensi pertama dan terjadi kointegrasi. Sementara hasil pengujian hubungan kausalitas Granger menunjukkan adanya hubungan kausalitas antar variabel. Berdasarkan analisis model VECM, terdapat hubungan jangka panjang antara variabel dependen dan variabel independen. Disamping itu, pada model tersebut juga terdapat hubungan jangka pendek yaitu pengeluaran konsumsi, pengeluaran investasi, dan pengeluaran pemerintah terhadap Indeks Harga Saham Gabungan. Berdasarkan analisis Impulse Response Function dapat dilihat bahwa shock pada setiap variabel akan menghasilkan guncangan yang sangat tajam di awal periode, namun akan stabil sampai akhir periode. Analisis Variance Decomposition menunjukkan kontribusi terhadap guncangan pada awal periode sangat dipengaruhi oleh IHSG namun pada akhir periode komposisi berubah. Kontribusi terbesar adalah variabel pengeluaran pemerintah dan variabel net ekspor.

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This research aimed to analyze the effect of macroeconomic variables, namely household consumption spending, investment spending, government spending and net exports to the dependent variable, the Composite Stock Price Index. This research analysis method is Vector Error Correction Model (VECM) by EViews. The research process the data on a quarterly basis with time series of the fourth quarter of 1995 to fourth quarter of 2014. Through the VECM analysis showed that the data used in this research are stationary at first difference and cointegrated. While Granger causality test results indicate a causal relationship between variables. Based on VECM analysis, there is a long run relationship between the dependent variable and independent variables. Besides, in this model also found a short run relationship, namely consumption, investment, and goverment spending to the Composite Stock Price Index. Based on Impulse Response Function analysis can be seen that the shock on each variable would produce a very sharp shocks in the early period, but will be stable until the end of the period. Variance Decomposition analysis showed the contribution to shocks at the beginning of the period greatly influenced by IHSG but at the end of the period of composition changes. The largest contribution is variable government spending and net export variable."

"Sistem Akuntansi Keuangan (SAK) adalah bentuk dari implementasi Standar Akuntansi Pemerintah (SAP). Departemen Hukum dan HAM sebagai bagian dari entitas pemerintah telah menjalankan SAK sesuai dengan Undang - Undang No. 17 Tahun 2003 tentang Keuangan Negara.Penelitian ini dilaksanakan dengan tujuan untuk memperoleh gambaran mengenai tingkat keberhasilan implementasi yang ditinjau dari beberapa aspek variabel yang meliputi Komunikasi, Sumber Daya, Disposisi, dan Struktur Birokrasi.Penelitian ini secara garis besar bertujuan untuk meng-evaluasi implementasi SAK yang sudah berjalan di Departemen Hukum dan HAM RI. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian melalui pendekatan kuantitatif dan kualitatif dapat disimpulkan bahwa implementasi SAK pada Departemen Hukum dan HAM dalam keadaan cukup baik dengan total rata - rata nilai skor dari 4 aspek variabel tersebut adalah 3.67.Implementasi sudah berjalan namun berdasarkan penilaian dari 4 aspek variabel, semua aspek perlu ditingkatkan. Guna mencapai peningkatan mutu implementasi, dapat dilakukan beberapa strategi yaitu, komitmen pimpinan, peningkatan Sistem Pengendalian Internal (SPI), pelatihan, dan peningkatan insentif.......Financial Accountancy System (SAK) was manifestated from Government Standard Of Accountancy policy. Indonesia’s Department of Law And Human Rights. As a part of govemmental entities implemented SAK based on Regulation Number 17 released by 2003 which regulate State Financial System.The purposes of this research is to acquired a narrative description about the effectiveness of SAK implementation policy viewed from four aspect of variables, Communication, Resources, Attitude and Structure of Bureaucracy.The bottom line of the research was to evaluate the implementation of SAK policy on Indonesia’s Department of Law And Human Rights. Based on the conclusion made by the researcher using the quantitative and qualitative approaches, concluded that the implementation so far gained score of 3.67 based on the research. Which can be categorized as a “good enough” .SAK implemented and needs to be re-enforce by re-arrange strategies by strengthen few major point of view, Strong Commitment, Internal Controlling System (SPI), hands on training and better incentives to motivate human resources behind SAK."

"Pelanggaran dalam penyampaian laporan keuangan oleh manajemen menunjukkan bahwa konflik keagenan menjadi masalah penting bagi perusahaan. Konflik tersebut menimbulkan konsekuensi biaya keagenan yang harus ditanggung dan berdampak pada kinerja perusahaan. Penelitian ini menguji pengaruh biaya keagenan terhadap kinerja perusahaan, dan apakah beberapa variabel seperti mekanisme tata kelola perusahaan, kebijakan dividen, dan financial leverage dapat secara positif memoderasi hubungan biaya keagenan dan kinerja perusahaan. Biaya keagenan diukur dengan rasio pemanfaatan asset, rasio pengeluaran diskresioner dan interaksi antara arus kas bebas dengan pertumbuhan perusahaan. Sedangkan kinerja perusahaan diwakili oleh Return on Equity. Data dikumpulkan dari perusahaan manufaktur yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia dari tahun 2015 hingga 2019, selanjutnya data panel diregresi menggunakan Panel Corrected Standard Error Model (PCSE). Hasil temuan menunjukkan bahwa biaya keagenan berhubungan negatif dengan kinerja perusahaan yang mendukung penelitian empiris sebelumnya. Selain itu, ditemukan juga bahwa hubungan biaya keagenan dan kinerja perusahaan secara signifikan dimoderasi oleh ukuran dewan dan konsentrasi kepemilikan sebagai representasi mekanisme tata kelola perusahaan, serta oleh kebijakan dividen. Hal ini membuktikan bahwa tata kelola perusahaan dan kebijakan dividen dapat menjadi alat untuk mengurangi biaya keagenan sehingga meningkatkan kinerja perusahaan. Temuan ini diharapkan dapat memperkaya penelitian sebelumnya terutama di negera berkembang dan memberikan informasi tambahan kepada pemegang saham untuk mengendalikan keputusan oportunistik manajemen dalam melakukan investasi dan mengelola pengeluaran operasional.......Fraud in the disclosure of financial statements by management shows that agency conflict is an important issue in the company. The conflict has consequences for the agency costs that must be borne and has an impact on the firm's performance. The effect of agency costs on firm performance is investigated in this study, as well as whether several variables such as corporate governance mechanisms, dividend policy, and financial leverage can positively moderate the agency cost and firm performance relationship. The agency cost is measured by the asset utilization ratio and discretionary expenditure ratio. The firm's performance is represented by the return on equity. Data was collected from the manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange from 2015 to 2019, then regressed on the panel data using the Panel Corrected Standard Error Model (PCSE). According to the findings, agency costs are negatively related to firm performance, which supports previous empirical research findings. It also found that the agency cost and firm performance relationship is significantly moderated by board size and ownership concentration as the representatives of corporate governance mechanisms. It suggests that corporate governance can become tools to reduce agency costs and increase the firm performance as well. The empirical evidence adds to previous research on agency conflict, particularly in emerging markets. These findings are expected to supplement previous research and provide additional information to shareholders and bondholders in order to control opportunistic management decisions that affect their investments and discretionary operational expenses."