Hasil Pencarian  ::  Simpan CSV :: Kembali

Abstrak :
"Marmot Biology Sociality, Individual Fitness and Population Dynamics"--

Abstrak :
Interest in the temporal fluctuations of biological populations can be traced to the dawn of civilization. How can mathematics be used to gain an understanding of population dynamics? This monograph introduces the theory of structured population dynamics and its applications, focusing on the asymptotic dynamics of deterministic models. This theory bridges the gap between the characteristics of individual organisms in a population and the dynamics of the total population as a whole. In this monograph, many applications that illustrate both the theory and a wide variety of biological issues are given, along with an interdisciplinary case study that illustrates the connection of models with the data and the experimental documentation of model predictions. The author also discusses the use of discrete and continuous models and presents a general modeling theory for structured population dynamics. Cushing begins with an obvious point: individuals in biological populations differ with regard to their physical and behavioral characteristics and therefore in the way they interact with their environment. Studying this point effectively requires the use of structured models. Specific examples cited throughout support the valuable use of structured models. Included among these are important applications chosen to illustrate both the mathematical theories and biological problems that have received attention in recent literature.

Abstrak :
Fenomena penurunan sumberdaya Rajungan di perairan Cirebon dan sekitarnya terjadi disebabkan peningkatan laju eksploitasi tanpa mempertimbangkan dinamika atau perubahan stok ikan dan aspek optimasi pemanfaatan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji dinamika populasi rajungan, tingkat pemanfaatan, dan optimasi pemanfaatannya di perairan Cirebon dan sekitarnya. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Cirebon dan lokasi penelitian di perairan Cirebon dan sekitarnya dari bulan April ndash; Juni 2016. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode survey dengan pengukuran rajungan yang tertangkap oleh alat tangkap bubu dan jaring insang. Analisis dinamika populasi digunakan program FiSAT II dan pengkajian potensi lestari dianalisis dengan model surplus produksi dalam menentukan Maximum Sustainable Yield MSY. Sementara optimasi pemanfaatan dilakukan dengan analisis Linier Programing terhadap aspek-aspek yang terkait dengan pemanfaatan rajungan.Kisaran lebar karapas rajungan berkisar antara 77,5 ndash; 157,5 mm. Pola pertumbuhan bersifat allometrik negatif, dengan nilai Lc > Lm yang menunjukkan sebagian besar rajungan yang tertangkap dengan alat tangkap yang digunakan di perairan selatan Cirebon sudah memijah/dewasa. Nilai parameter pertumbuhan adalah L infin; 170 mm, K = 1,15 per bulan untuk rajungan jantan sedangkan rajungan betina L infin;177,25 mm, K = 1,1 per bulan, Z = 1,92 per tahun, M = 1,23 per tahun, F = 0,69 per tahun, dan E = 0,36 rajungan jantan dan Z = 2,94 per tahun, M =1,18 per tahun, F= 1,76 per tahun dan E = 0,60 pertahun rajungan betina. Nilai menunjukkan tingkat pemanfaatan sudah fully exploited. Pendugaan MSY dan F-Opt sebesar 3.124 ton/tahun dan 433 unit dengan alat tangkap standar bubu. Skenario optimasi menghasilkan jenis alat tangkap yang direkomendasikan yaitu 433 unit alat tangkap bubu dengan keuntungan Rp. 6,9 milyar per tahun.

---

The phenomenon of Blue swimming crab decrease due to because of exploitation occurs in Cirebon water. It will change the dynamics stocks of fish and utilization optimization aspects. This study aimed to examine the dynamics of blue swimming crab populations utilization rates and utilization optimization in Cirebon area and the surrounding waters. Research was carried out in Cirebon and surrounding waters from April to June 2016. Methods used was a survey method by measuring Blue Swimming Crab caught using fishing gears gillnet and collapsible traps . Analysis of population dynamics used FiSAT II program and assessment of the potential sustainable surplus production models were analyzed using Maximum Sustainable Yield MSY . Optimization was done using Linear Programming analysis of aspects related to the use of fishing gears and blue swimming crab caught. Range carapace wide for all crabs was 77,5 mm to 157,5 mm. Condition Growth Blue Swimming Crab is negative allometric with parameter values for male were L infin 170 mm, K 1,15 per month and for female L infin 177,25 mm, K 1.1 per month, , with a value of Lc Lm, the indicate that Blue Swimming Crab caught with fishing gear used in Cirebon and surrounding waters was an spawn mature. Mortality value for male were Z 1,92 per year, M 1,23 per year, F 0,69 per year, and E 0,36 and for female Z 2,94 per year, M 1,18 per year, F 1,76 per year and E 0.60 per year. The level of utilization has been fully exploited. Estimation of MSY and f Opt was 3.124 tons year while 433 units with standard fishing gear is collapsible traps. Scenario optimization produces type of fishing gear that are recommended was 433 units of collapsible traps with a net profit Rp 6,9 billion per year.

Abstrak :
Fenomena penurunan sumberdaya ikan layur di perairan Cilacap dan sekitarnya terjadi disebabkan peningkatan laju eksploitasi.tanpa mempertimbangkan dinamika atau perubahan stok ikan dan aspek optimasi pemanfaatan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji dinamika populasi ikan layur tingkat pemanfaatan, dan optimasi pemanfaatannya di perairan Cilacap dan sekitarnya. Penelitian dilaksanakan di PPS Cilacap dan lokasi penelitian di perairan Cilacap dan sekitarnya dari bulan April 2013 sampai Juni 2014. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode survey dengan pengambilan ikan layur yang tertangkap oleh alat tangkap jaring sirang dan jaring payang. Analisis dinamika populasi digunakan program FiSAT II dan pengkajian potensi lestari dianalisis dengan model surplus produksi dalam menentukan Maximum Sustainable Yield (MSY). Sementara optimasi pemanfaatan dilakukan dengan analisis Linier Programing terhadap aspek-aspek yang terkait dengan pemanfaatan ikan layur. Kisaran panjang total dan modus panjang 13-77 cm dan 51 cm. Ikan layur allometrik negatif, dengan nilai Lc < Lm yang menunjukkan sebagian besar ikan layur yang tertangkap dengan alat tangkap yang digunakan di perairan selatan Cilacap belum memijah / belum dewasa. Nilai parameter pertumbuhan adalah L∞ = 80,85 cm, K= 0,70 per tahun, to= -0,1748, Z = 2,18 per tahun, M = 1,07 per tahun, F = 1,11 per tahun, dan E = 0,51. Nilai menunjukkan tingkat pemanfaatan sudah fully exploited. Pendugaan MSY dan F-Opt sebesar 626,318 ton/tahun dan 1.173 unit dengan alat tangkap standar jaring sirang. Skenario optimasi menghasilkan jenis alat tangkap yang direkomendasikan yaitu 1.173 unit alat tangkap jaring sirang dengan keuntungan Rp. 78,3 milyar per tahun. ......The phenomenon occurs due to a decrease of hairtai resources in Cilacap water area because eksploitation without consider increasing the rate or change the dynamics of fish stocks and utilization optimization aspects. This study aims to examine the dynamics of hairtail populations utilization rates and utilization optimization in Cilacap area and the surrounding waters. Research carried out in the PPSC (Pelabuhan Perikanan Samudera Cilacap) and research sites in Cilacap and surrounding waters from April 2013 to June 2014. Methods used is a survey method with hairtail fishing gear caught by sirang nets (gillnet monofilament) and payang nets (denish seine). Analysis of population dynamics used FiSAT II program and assessment of the potential sustainable surplus production models were analyzed with Maximum Sustainable Yield (MSY) in determining. While optimization is done with the use of Linear Programming analysis of aspects related to the use of hairtail. Range in total length and long mode 13-77 cm and 51 cm. Hairtail is negative allometric, with a value of Lc < Lm which shows hairtail caught with fishing gear used in Cilacap and surrounding waters not spawn / immature. Growth parameter values L∞ = 80.85 cm, K 0.70 = per year, to = -0.1748, Z = 2.18 per year, M = 1.07 per year, F = 1, 11 per year, and E = 0.51. Value indicates the level of utilization has been fully exploited. Estimation of MSY and f-Opt for 626.318 tons / year and 1,173 units with standard fishing gear is gill net sirang. Scenario optimization produces the type of fishing gear is recommended that 1,173 units of gillnet sirang with a net profit Rp 40.9 billion per year.

Abstrak :
[Ikan layur merupakan salah satu komoditas penting dalam perikanan tangkap di Palabuhanratu. Penelitian ini bertujuan menentukan populasi dan potensi ikan layur. Metode yang digunakan ialah data surplus produksi. Data ikan dibutuhkan untuk menggambarkan dinamika suatu populasi ikan yang dipengaruhi oleh pertumbuhan, mortalitas, dan migrasi ikan. Dinamika populasi dianalisis dengan paket perangkat lunak FISAT II dan pengkajian potensi lestari dianalisis dengan model surplus produksi MSY. Hasil pengamatan Agustus-September 2014 menunjukkan perubahan kisaran panjang ikan dari kisaran 44,00?96,80 cm menjadi 47,00?97,99 cm dan berat rata-rata ikan berubah dari 285,33 gram menjadi 309,00 gram. Perubahan panjang ikan ini karena ikan mengalami proses pemijahan. Hasil estimasi pada waktu pengamatan memperlihatkan bahwa laju eksploitasi populasi ikan layur belum mencapai tangkap lebih (overfishing) dengan nilai batas tingkat penangkapan dibawah optimum 0,50. Dalam rangka mewujudkan perikanan layur berkelanjutan, disarankan menetapkan musim penangkapan, penambahan upaya dan wilayah tangkapan, serta pendataan berbasis spesies. ......Hairtail is one of the important fish catches in Palabuhanratu waters. This study aims to determine the populations and potential of hairtail. To achieve these objectives, it required accuracy and precision data. Data of fish are needed to describe the dynamics of a fish population which influenced by fish growth, mortality, and migration. The population dynamics is analyzed with FISAT II software package and potential sustainable surplus production is analyzed with MSY production surplus model. The observation result from August to September 2014 showed that fish length range has changed from 44.00-96.8 cm to 47.00-97.99 cm. In similar period, the average weight also changed from 285.33 gram to 309.00 gram. The length changes are apparently due to the process of spawning. Based on the observation, the estimation result shows that the speed of exploitation of hairtail population is yet to reach overfishing fisheries, suggested to fix the fishing season, adding the efforts and fishing zone, also data collection based on species. Hairtail is one of the important fish catches in Palabuhanratu waters. This study aims to determine the populations and potential of hairtail. To achieve these objectives, it required accuracy and precision data. Data of fish are needed to describe the dynamics of a fish population which influenced by fish growth, mortality, and migration. The population dynamics is analyzed with FISAT II software package and potential sustainable surplus production is analyzed with MSY production surplus model. The observation result from August to September 2014 showed that fish length range has changed from 44.00-96.8 cm to 47.00-97.99 cm. In similar period, the average weight also changed from 285.33 gram to 309.00 gram. The length changes are apparently due to the process of spawning. Based on the observation, the estimation result shows that the speed of exploitation of hairtail population is yet to reach overfishing fisheries, suggested to fix the fishing season, adding the efforts and fishing zone, also data collection based on species.;Hairtail is one of the important fish catches in Palabuhanratu waters. This study aims to determine the populations and potential of hairtail. To achieve these objectives, it required accuracy and precision data. Data of fish are needed to describe the dynamics of a fish population which influenced by fish growth, mortality, and migration. The population dynamics is analyzed with FISAT II software package and potential sustainable surplus production is analyzed with MSY production surplus model. The observation result from August to September 2014 showed that fish length range has changed from 44.00-96.8 cm to 47.00-97.99 cm. In similar period, the average weight also changed from 285.33 gram to 309.00 gram. The length changes are apparently due to the process of spawning. Based on the observation, the estimation result shows that the speed of exploitation of hairtail population is yet to reach overfishing fisheries, suggested to fix the fishing season, adding the efforts and fishing zone, also data collection based on species., Hairtail is one of the important fish catches in Palabuhanratu waters. This study aims to determine the populations and potential of hairtail. To achieve these objectives, it required accuracy and precision data. Data of fish are needed to describe the dynamics of a fish population which influenced by fish growth, mortality, and migration. The population dynamics is analyzed with FISAT II software package and potential sustainable surplus production is analyzed with MSY production surplus model. The observation result from August to September 2014 showed that fish length range has changed from 44.00-96.8 cm to 47.00-97.99 cm. In similar period, the average weight also changed from 285.33 gram to 309.00 gram. The length changes are apparently due to the process of spawning. Based on the observation, the estimation result shows that the speed of exploitation of hairtail population is yet to reach overfishing fisheries, suggested to fix the fishing season, adding the efforts and fishing zone, also data collection based on species.]

Abstrak :
Telah dilakukan penelitian mengenai dinamika populasi amfibi pada tiga sungai di kawasan Gunung Payung, Taman Nasional Ujung Kulon, Banten pada tanggal 22 Juni - 2 Juli 2013. Penelitian dilakukan dengan cara mencatat populasi amfibi dengan faktor-faktor lingkungan yang memengaruhinya. Masing-masing pengambilan data dilakukan sebanyak empat pengulangan pada ketiga lokasi tersebut. Data hasil penelitian berupa hubungan korelasi antara populasi amfibi dengan faktor-faktor lingkungannya. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, diperoleh delapan jenis amfibi. Beberapa jenis memiliki pengaruh signifikan yang cenderung kuat dan sangat kuat terhadap faktor-faktor lingkungannya. Berdasarkan hasil analisis dinamika populasi amfibi pada Sungai Cigunung payung dan Sungai Ciuluran sangat dipengaruhi oleh lingkungan. Terlihat beberapa jenis yang dipengaruhi faktor suhu air, suhu udara dan kelembapan. Namun, faktor-faktor lingkungan di sungai Cibunar tidak berpengaruh nyata.

---

Study of amphibian population dynamic at three rivers in the area of Mount. Payung, Ujung Kulon National Park, Banten in 22 June--2 July 2013. The study was carried out by collecting data of amphibian population with environment factors influence. Each sampling data was performed four repetitions at three locations. The result of research form a correlation amphibian population between environtment factors. Based on this study were found eight amphibian species. Some species has significant inclined and very strong against environment factors, Based on result analysis was amphibian population dynamic very influence by environment factors such as water temperature, air temperature and humidity at Cigunung payung and Ciuluran rivers, but environtment factors not influnece at Cibunar river.

Abstrak :
The book begins from the essentials of singular systems theory and bifurcations before tackling the use of various forms of control in singular biological systems using examples including predator-prey relationships and viral vaccination and quarantine control. Researchers and graduate students studying the control of complex biological systems are shown how a variety of methods can be brought to bear and practitioners working with the economics of biological systems and their control will also find the monograph illuminating.