Hasil Pencarian  ::  Simpan CSV :: Kembali

Abstrak :
Fungsi posyandu bagi masyarakat sasaran adalah sebagai upaya meningkatkan derajat kesehatan, umur harapan hidup, dan status gizi_ Namun, dari hasil pemantauan perkembangan posyandu menunjukkan penurunan mutu kerja yang ditandai dengan meningkatnya jumlah posyandu strata pratama. Kondisi ini terjadi disebabkan kader yang tidak aktif melaksanakan kegiatan posyandu. Keaktifan kader di posyandu sangat menentukan kualitas fungsi dan kinerja posyandu, karena unsur utama dalam pelayanan posyandu adalah kader. Berkaitan dengan hasil tersebut di atas penelitian ini mencoba untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor apa saja yang patut diduga berhubungan dengan keaktifan kader posyandu atau penurunan aktivitas kader posyandu. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menjawab apakah ada hubungan antara keaktifan dengan faktor-faktor : umur, pendidikan, status perkawinan, pengetahuan, sikap, motivasi, pelatihan, penghargaan, insentif, dan peran TP-PKK. Penelitian ini bersifat penelitian deskriptif dengan rancangan cross sectional. Instrumen utama yang digunakan separangkat kuesioner. Responden penelitian adalah seluruh kader yang ada dan sedang melaksanakan pelayanan posyandu yang berjumlah 150 orang kader aktif dari seluruh posyandu yang ada di kecamatan Teluk betung Barat Kota Bandar Lampung, sebagai populasi yang diteliti sekaligus merupakan sampel penelitian. Analisa data dengan menggunakan program SPSS versi 10.0.Analisis univariat untuk distribusi frekuensi dan analisis bivariat dengan menggunakan uji statistik, uji Chi Square untuk mengetahui hubungan antara variabel independen dengan variabel dependen. Hasil penelitian, berkaitan dengan kehadiran kader posyandu di kecamatan Teluk betung Barat ternyata 66,7% kader posyandu aktif melakukan kegiatan posyandu yang diadakan. Sedangkan hasil analisis terhadap faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan keaktifan kader, didapatkan enam faktor yang secara statistik terbukti berhubungan secara bermakna/signifikan yaitu umur, pendidikan, pengetahuan, sikap, pelatihan dan TP-PKK. Disarankan kepada institusi pembina posyandu di kelurahan/kecamatan bahwa semua posyandu dapat memiliki kader yang mampu aktif dan melakukan kegiatan posyandu apabila memilih calon kader yang berusia lebih dan 35 tahun, berpendidikan minimal SMP, diberikan pelatihan untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan dan keterampilannya, pembinaan dan bimbingan oleh TP-PKK setiap bulan untuk mempertahankan sikap, motivasi kerja, dan semangat kerja kader posyandu. Untuk mendapatkan gambaran yang lebih komprehensif lagi terhadap faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan keaktifan kader sekiranya perlu dilakukan penelitian terhadap faktor-faktor lainnya dengan rancangan yang berbeda dan kelompok sampel yang lebih banyak/ lebih luas.

---

Factors Related to The Activity of Posyandu Cadres at Teluk Betung Barat Subdistrict of Bandar Lampung CityThe main function of posyandu for the target community is to improve health quality, life expectancy, and nutrition. The monitoring of the development of quality performance of posyandu showed that there was a decline of the performance quality of posyandu indicated by the increasing number first strata posyandu. This might be caused by the inactivity of the cadres in implementing posyandu services, while in fact the cadre absences is very influential in determining the quality of posyandu performance because the cadres are the main element of the posyandu services. This research attempts to identify what factors than can be assumed to correlate with the activity of posyandu cadres and factors that might hinder the cadre activities. The main objective of the research is to answer the question whether there are any correlations between the cadre performances, and factors such as age, education, marital status, knowledge, attitude, motivation, training, incentive, award, and TPPKK. This research is a descriptive analysis using cross-sectional design. The main instrument used to gather the data is a set of questionnaires. The respondents are all available cadres who are still in posyandu services. The number of respondent is [50 cadres from all posyandus in Telukbetung Barat Sub-District of Bandar Lampung city who function both as the population as well as the sample. The data were analyzed using Efi Info version 6.4 and SPSS version 10.0. Univariate analysis for frequency distribution and bivariate analysis using Chi Square Correlations in order to find out whether there are any correlations between the independent variables and the dependent variable. The results show that in relation to the general performance of the posyandu cadres in Teluk Betung Sub-District, 66,7% of the posyandu does have absence cadres to provide services for the community. Statistical analyses show that there are five factors that correlate significantly with the cadre performance. The factors are: age, school, knowledge, attitude, training, and TP-PKK. It is recommended that the institutions in charge of managing the posyandus in villages and sub districts to provide the posyandu with cadres aged over 35 years, organizing trainings to develop the skills and knowledge of the cadres, supporting 1P-PICK every month to maintain the cadres attitude, and enhancing the motivation and working spirits of the cadres. In order to get a more comprehensive picture of the factors related to the performance of the cadres, it is also suggested that other research studies with different research design with bigger and wider groups off samples be conducted.

Abstrak :
LATAR BELAKANG. Pemantauan pertumbuhan balita merupakan kegiatan penting dalam menunjang upaya perbaikan gizi, karena memiliki fungsi penapisan, deteksi gangguan pertumbuhan, penentuan intervensi, dan sebagai alat edukasi. Untuk dapat digunakan sebagai indikator kesejahteraan di masyarakat, maka harus dihasilkan'" informasi yang berkualitas baik, terutama yang berkaitan dengan hasil penimbangan balita. Selama ini masalah kualitas data penimbangan posyandu sering dipertanyakan karena data yang sangat terbatas. TUJUAN. Tujuan studi ini adalah untuk mempelajari kualitas data hasil penimbangan kader, mempelajari faktor-faktor, dan merumuskan saran-saran untuk peningkatan kualitas data. METODOLOGI. Studi dilakukan di 4 kabupaten yaitu Sukabumi dan Bogor di Jawa Barat, serta Demak dan Semarang di Jawa Tengah. Sebanyak 18 posyandu di masing-masing Kabupaten di pilih dengan cara Multistage sampling. Secara keseluruhan ada 72 posyandu sebagai lokasi studi. Di masing-masing posyandu dipilih satu orang kader yang bertugas menimbang sebagai sampel studi. Kualitas data hasil penimbangan dinilai dengan presisi dan akurasi kader dalam penimbangan. Setiap kader menimbang 10 anak sebanyak 2 kali, kemudian anak yang sama ditimbang oleh petugas peneliti sebanyak 2 kali. Penilaian presisi dan akurasi dilakukan dengan metode yang tercantum pada buku 'Measuring Changes of Nutritional Status (WHO, 1983). Variabel lain yang dikumpulkan meliputi data diri kader meliputi umur, pendidkan, pekerjaan dan data yang berkaitan dengan lama kerja, pelatihan, perekrutan, pembinaan, pengetahuan dan ketrampilan kader dalam menimbang. Analisa dilakukan secara deskriptif, dan analisa hubungan antara variabel bebas dengan tingkat presisi dan akurasi dilakukan dengan menggunakan uji Chi-Square. HASIL. Sebanyak 59,7 % kader memiliki tingkat presisi yang kurang baik dan hampir semua kader (97,2%) memiliki tingkat akurasi yang kurang baik. Dengan demikian kualitas data hasil penimbangan oleh kader masih sangat rendah. Dari 97,2% kader yang tidak akurat ternyata 82,5% tidak mendapat pembinaan yang baik. Faktor ketrampilan merupakan faktor penting pada kualitas data, sebagian besar kader kurang trampil, terutama dalam hal mengatur posisi bandul timbangan. Faktor ketrampilan kader ini lebih lanjut dipengaruhi oleh pengetahuan kader dan pembinaan yang kurang dalam materi cara menimbang balita. Faktor-faktor lain tidak mempunyai hubungan dengan tingkat presisi maupun tingkat akurasi. KESIMPULAN. Kualitas data hasil penimbangan oleh kader masih sangat rendah. Faktor pengetahuan dan ketrampilan kader terutama dalam mengatur posisi bandul timbangan merupakan variabel yang penting dalam kaitannya dengan kualitas data. SARAN. Untuk meningkatkan kualitas data perlu dilakukan pembinaan secara berkesinambungan disamping pelatihan-pelatihan resmi yang dibentuk. Dalam hal ini pembinaan yang berkaitan dengan cara penimbangan perlu mendapat perhatian serius, disamping pembenahan posyandu dalam aspek lainnya seperti pemberian penghargaan dan sanksi. Selain itu juga dilakukan penyebaran informasi cara menimbang yang benar melalui kegiatan pembinaan yang teratur agar dapat ditingkatkan kualitas data penimbangan, dan menimbulkan budaya malu apabila tidak melaksanakan tugas dengan tanggung jawab. Daftar bacaan: 43 (1930-2002)

---

The Relationship Between the Characteristics and the Precision and Accuracy of Posyandu Cadres in Weighing the Children, in the Districts of Sukabumi, Bogor, Demak and Semarang, in 2002BACKGROUND. One among others, growth monitoring is an important activity to support nutrition improvement program. Growth monitoring has several functions such as to identify the targets for intervention, to detect growth failure, to identify appropriate nutrition intervention, and as educational tool. A good quality growth monitoring data could be used as an indicator of social welfare, therefore, the reliability of weight data from monthly weighing activity at posyandu should be improved. Thus far, the quality of weight data is still questionable, but the effort to evaluate it is still rarely carried out. OBJECTIVES. The objectives of the study are to evaluate the quality of weight data measured by posyandu cadre, to determine factors that are related to quality of weight data, and to formulate recommendation for improving the quality of weight data. METHODS. The study was carried out in 4 districts, namely: Sukabumi and Bogor in West Java, Demak and Semarang in Central Java. Eighteen posyandus in each district were selected using multistage sampling. In a total 72 posyandus were covered as study locations. In each posyandu one cadre whose task is weighing was selected as a study sample. The quality of weight data was evaluated by looking at the precision and accuracy of cadre in weighing. Each cadre weighed 10 children twice. The same children also weighed by field staff twice. The evaluation of precision and accuracy is based an method provided in the guidance book for `Measuring Changes of Nutritional Status', WHO, 1983. Other variables were also collected such as age of cadre, educational level, occupation, duration of being cadre, frequency of training followed by cadre, recruitment, advisory, and the knowledge and the ability of cadre in weighing. Two types of data analysis were employed: descriptive analysis and association between dependent and independent variables using Chi-square test. RESULTS. The precision and accuracy of cadre in weighing is significantly low. As many as 59.7% cadres were found to be imprecise, and 97.2% were found to be inaccurate in weighing. Around 83% of cadres who were inaccurate in weighing did not receive better guidance from the advisor. The ability of cadre in weighing is found to be an important factor that influences the quality of weight data, particularly in positioning the scale balancer ("bandul timbangan"). The ability of cadre in weighing is influenced by the lack in cadre's knowledge in how to weigh the child and the lack in guidance from the advisor. The other factors do not have significant association with precision and accuracy of cadre in weighing. CONCLUSIONS. The quality of weight data measured by cadres is still very low. The knowledge and the ability of cadres in weighing, particularly in positioning scale balancer are the important factors that associated with the quality of weight data. RECCOMENDATIONS. To improve the quality of weight data measured by cadres requires a regular and continuous guidance besides providing the cadres with formal trainings. Other than efforts to improve posyandu activity such as providing rewards and sanctions, a guidance related to method of weighing needs a serious attention, In addition, information related to quality of weight data needs to be observed, evaluated, and improved by the advisor through a regular advisory visit.

Abstrak :
The expansion paradigm of development, its line has determine the direction of health development policies contained in the Medium Term Development Plan (Development Plan)for 2004-2009 in the Health Sector, which was more emphasis on preventive and promotive and empowering families and communities in the health field. One form of community empowerment efforts in the health sector was to develop the UKBM (Upaya Kesehatan Bersumber daya Masyarakat), for teh example, Posyandu-managed and organized from, by, and with society in the implementation of health development, in order to empower and provide convenience to the public in obtaining basic health services, primarily to accelerate the declining in maternal and infant mortality. Posyandu was a vehicle for the integration of Family's Healthy Planning district or village level, conducting five priority programs are: Family Planning, Nutrition, Maternal, and Child health, Immunization and the prevention of diarrhea. This type of research was qualitative and observational design. Population was a whole cadre of posyandu in the region of Bali Province in 2008. Purposive research sample is taken on selected districts are Badung, Gianyar, Klungkung dan Tabanan regency. Qualitative methods as the primary data that is carried out through in-depth interviews to cadres, head of health centers, village midwives, program managers, indigenenous Klian, perbekel (headman), and the public to obtain information about the extent to which the role of cadres and Klian customary in an effort the Health Department. Data is Analyzed descriptively. Yhe role of cadres and traditional Klian is very important in supporting the activities of Posyandu so that people, especially women and children who use the facility will more often come every mont to Posyandu. There is an assumption, that if the mother/society that does not come to a posyandu will get sanctioned or excluded kemayarakatan activities in the area.

Abstrak :
ABSTRAK
Kader posyandu merupakan tenaga alternatif dalam skrining Early Childhood Caries (ECC) dengan indeks PUFA/pufa untuk mendeteksi ECC tidak terawat. Tujuan : menganalisis kemungkinan kader posyandu dapat diberdayakan dalam skrining Early Childhood Caries dengan indeks PUFA/pufa. Metode : uji diagnostik dengan pendekatan Cross-Sectional yang dilakukan pada anak usia 36-71 bulan di posyandu-PAUD Kabupaten Sijunjung Sumatera Barat. Kader posyandu sebagai examiner pufa dipilih sebanyak tujuh orang dan dilatih serta dikalibrasi. Pemeriksaan dilakukan pada 133 anak di enam posyandu-PAUD oleh kader posyandu sebagai indeks dan dokter gigi sebagai reference standard dengan teknik blinding. Hasil : reliabilitas/presisi pemeriksaan pufa kumulatif oleh kader posyandu dengan nilai Kappa 0,88 termasuk tingkat kesesuaian sangat kuat. Nilai sensitivitas dan spesifisitas pufa kumulatif sebesar 96% dan 94% yang merupakan nilai diagnostik sangat baik. Positive predictive values (PPV) dan Negative Predictive Values (NPV) variabel pufa kumulatif adalah 89% dan 98%, keduanya termasuk nilai diagnostik yang sangat baik. Kesimpulan : kader posyandu dapat diberdayakan dalam kegiatan skrining Early Childhood Caries menggunakan indeks PUFA/pufa baik di posyandu maupun di Pos PAUD pada anak usia 36-71 bulan.

---

ABSTRACT
Posyandu cadres in Sijunjung West Sumatra is an alternative personnel that can be empowered in the screening of Early Childhood Caries ( ECC ) using index PUFA / pufa to detect Untreated ECC. Objective: to analyze the possibility of posyandu cadres to be empowered in the screening of Early Childhood Caries ( ECC ) using the PUFA / pufa index. Methods : diagnostic test with a cross - sectional approach was conducted in Sijunjung West Sumatra in children aged 36-71 months in posyandu - PAUD. Seven posyandu cadres as pufa examiner were selected and trained also calibrated to use pufa index. Examination of 133 children in six posyandu - PAUD by posyandu cadres as index and dentist as reference standard was performed with blinding technique. Results : the reliability / precision of the cumulative pufa with kappa was 0.88, it is a strong agreement. The sensitivity and spesificity of cumulative pufa were 96% and 94%, they are both very good diagnostic values. Positive Predictive Values ​​( PPV ) and Negative Predictive Values ( NPV ) for the cumulative pufa were 89 % and 98 %, both are very good diagnostic values . Conclusion : posyandu cadres can be empowered in the screening of Early Childhood Caries using PUFA / pufa index either in posyandu or Pos PAUD in children aged 36-71 months.