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""This volume seeks to provide the reader with a clear understanding to the way that protected areas are created, listed and managed in international law. In doing so, it provides a complete overview of the primary international and regional conventions in this area, and the decisions and resolutions that have come from them."--BOOK JACKET."

"Global warming, overfishing, and coastal pollution are main drivers of marine ecological changes in developing countries, such as Indonesia. Marine Spatial Planning (MSP) prioritizing the establishment of Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) is the local mitigation to reduce the effects of marine ecological changes. It has been acknowledged that MPAs play important roles in: (1) reducing the effects of global warming via uptaking and storing carbon into sediments, (2) protecting marine lifes via providing suitable habitats and maintining natural behaviors, (3) supporting coastal fisheries via exporting adult fishes and larvae, and (4) reducing the effects of coastal pollution via enhancing water and sediment quality. In order to gain maximum benefits, MPAs should meet four standard criteria: (1) representation, i.e. MPAs should cover all marine ecosystems (e.g. mangroves, seagrass beds, and coral reefs), (2) replication, i.e. MPAs should be established in many sites, (3) geographycally widespread network, i.e. among MPAs should be connected, and (4) self sustaining total area, i.e. MPAs should be large enough to support ecological processes."

"Kawasan konservasi merupakan kawasan khusus yang dilindungi untuk menjaga keanekaragaman hayati di dalamnya. Pada kenyataannya, terdapat banyak kasus perburuan liar di dalam kawasan konservasi yang mengancam keberadaan satwa langka. Perburuan harimau sumatera (Panthera tigris sumatrae) yang terjadi di Taman Nasional Kerinci Seblat di Sumatera adalah salah satu contohnya. Studi ini akan menjelaskan bahwa perburuan liar terhadap satwa langka yang terjadi di kawasan konservasi dapat dikategorikan sebagai bentuk kejahatan lingkungan. Perburuan satwa langka yang terjadi di dalam kawasan konservasi Taman Nasional Kerinci Seblat akan dianalisis dengan menggunakan teori dalam environmental criminology, yaitu teori aktivitas rutin yang melihat adanya pelaku potensial, keberadaan target, dan tempat.

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Conservation area is specific protected area to maintain biodiversity inside it. But in fact, there are many cases of poaching inside conservation areas that threatened the endagered species. The poaching of sumatran tiger (Panthera tigris sumatrae) that happens in Kerinci Seblat National Park in Sumatera is one of the example. This study will explain that poaching can be categorized as environmental crime. Poaching in Kerinci Seblat National Park protected areas will be analyzed using environmental criminology, that is routine activity theory which see potential offender, suitable target, and places."