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"The book encompasses a wide range of topics, from muscle and meat proteomics to acute phase proteins and proteomics in aquaculture, to name but a few. The book summarily presents the state of the art in farm animal proteomics research in Europe, providing readers with interesting examples of the applications of this set of advanced technologies as well as useful contact details of colleagues with expertise in the field. Furthermore the book will provide an insight for proteomic specialists in demonstrating the breadth of applications that their technology can have in animal and food research."

"Chronic hepatotropic viruses commonly evade the antiviral defence systems of the body and cause a long - lasting persistent infection. The prolonged nature of the infection ensures that every infected person has ample opportunity to transmit the virus to others, allowing many millions of people world-wide to become infected. Three viruses commonly cause chronic hepatitis B virus, hepatitis C virus and hepatitis Delta virus.Virus specific CD8 T cells of the host, represent the main effector cells against viral infection. Where as the antiviral cytokinex have a major role in the control of viral replication (non-cytolytic inhibition).To cause persistent infection, a virus must avoid the host defences and that hepatotropic viruses have developed elaborate strategies to achieve this. In the case of hepatitis B virus, two proteins are involved in the inhibition of the host defences; those are the core protein that has been shown to inhibit the production of interferon and the polymerase protein has been shown to inhibit its effect. Where as in the case of hepatitis C virus, the NS5A and E2 protein reduce the effect of interferon by inhibiting the antiviral kinase.In order to survive and persistent in the liver, the hepatotropic viruses must be able to avoid both arms of the immune system, either by mutation of viral proteins or by preventing activation of the immune system."

"Telah dilakukan penelitian mengenai pengaruh pH awal terhadap produksi biomassa Rhizopus oryzae U1CC 128 dan Rhizopus microsporus var. chinensis U1CC 500 pada empat variasi pH awal 4,0, 5,0, 6,0 dan 7,0, serta mengetahui ada tidaknya perbedaan produksi biomassa antara kedua jenis kapang tersebut pada empat variasi pH awal, dengan memanfaatkan limbah cair tahu yang ditambahkan 1% tepung tapioka sebagai substrat fermentasi. Hasil penelitian inenunjukkan bahwa Rh. Oryzae U1CC 128 rnenghasiikan berat bioinassa tertinggi pada pH awal 7,0 (x̅ = 272,60 mg/100 ml) dan berat bioinassa terendah pada pH awal 4,0 (x̅ =193,0 mg/100 ml). Sedangkan pada Rh. nuicrosporus var. chinensis U1CC 500 menunjukkan berat biomassa tertinggi pada pH awal 5,0 (x̅ = 317,60 mg/100 ml) dan berat biomassa terendah pada PH awal 7,0 (x̅ = 230,06 mg/100 ml). Hasil analisis statistik dengan menggunakan uji Anava yang diianjutkan dengan uji Tukey menunjukkan bahwa ada pengaruh pH awal terhadap produksi biomassa Rh. oryzae U1CC 128 dan Rh. microsporus var. chinensis U1CC 500 pada 4 variasi pH awal, serta ada perbedaan hasil berat kering biomassa antara kedua jenis kapang tersebut pada PH awal 4,0 dan 5,0."

"With chapters provided by international leading experts, this book covers the recent advances in protein and peptide mass spectrometry. Focusing on the pharmaceutical industry, it addresses both emerging techniques, including imaging mass spectrometry, ion mobility, and microwave-assisted mass spectrometry, and recent applications, including pharmaceutical analysis throughout the drug development cycle. The book stresses practice and applications, providing real world examples from industry contributors. After overviewing methodology and discussing recent studies, the remaining chapters address newer techniques for determining protein structure, interactions with peptides, proteins, and ligands, and protein folding and unfolding."

"Mortalin biology : life, stress and death” is a remarkable compilation of the research outcomes on the stress protein mortalin, a member of heat shock 70 family of proteins. The book is unique as it describes mortalin playing essential role in life, stress response and death either from cancer, when it becomes hyperactive or from neuro-degeneration, when it becomes hypoactive. The book provides up-to-date knowledge on mortalin with respect to its discovery, structure, evolutionary conservation, function and signal transduction in different organisms in a simple, but most comprehensive way, that besides offering an enjoyable and in-depth reading, prompts the reader to ask further questions to explore this protein with new ideas, approaches and experiments. Twenty-one chapters by the world leaders on the specific areas of mortalin research throw light on its multi-functionality, potentials for biotechnology, diagnostics and therapeutic values. Avenues of mortalin biology, yet unexplored, hold immense promises for future, and reading this volume provides an easy, enthusiastic and energetic head-on start."

"Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) adalah penyakit infeksi pernafasan akut berat yang disebabkan oleh koronavirus baru, dinamakan SARS-Coronavirus (SARSCoV). Tiga uji diagnostik telah dikembangkan untuk deteksi infeksi SARS-CoV, menggunakan kultur sel, uji serologi, dan molekuler. Ketika wabah SARS dari November 2002 sampai 2003, sebagian besar diagnostik laboratorium menggunakan kultur sel baik untuk isolasi virus maupun produksi protein sebagai antigen untuk uji serologi. Penerapan teknik kultur sel untuk diagnosis infeksi SARS tersebut tidak dapat diterapkan di laboratorium yang tidak memiliki fasilitas BSL 3 (Biosafety Level 3), karena virus dapat ditularkan melalui udara dan jalur transmisi lainnya yang belum sepenuhnya diketahui, sehingga perlu dikembangkan sistem diagnosis yang tidak tergantung pada fasilitas BSL 3, khususnya dalam produksi antigen untuk reaksi serologi. Produksi antigen virus tanpa melalui kultur virus dapat dilakukan dengan menerapkan teknik protein rekombinan dan protein virus yang dipilih sebaiknya bersifat antigenik. Dalam penelitian ini, untuk mendapatkan protein nukleokapsid SARS-CoV, dilakukan insersi dan ekspresi gen nuldeokapsid SARS-CoV pada sistem ekspresi protein fusi tag Gst (pGEX-6P1) sehingga diperoleh vektor rekombinan pGEX-6PI-N. pGEX-6P1-N ditransformasi ke dalam Escherichia coil BL21 untuk ekspresi protein Glutathione-S tarnsferase (Gst)-Nukleokapsid SARS-CoV (Gst-N). Protein fusi Gst-N utuh dengan berat molekul yang sesuai (72,84 kDa) berhasil diekspresikan dalam E. coli BL21 dan dapat dipurifikasi menggunakan sistem yang berdasarkan pada of vitas Gst dengan glutathione."