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"Since the enactment of Permendiknas (Regulation of Minister of National Education) No.22 regarding the contents standard (SI), in its implementation it still faces various problems and obstructions, especially in PAI learning. Among the indicators is, the teachers of Islamic religious education (GPAI) find a difficulty in understanding both the SI document and its implementation. In general, teachers also face difficulty in developing the syllabus, especially in formulating the indicators. The study on SI implementation at SMP (Junior High School) is to answer the question on how is GPAI capability in planning and implementing the learning, doing the assessment on PAI learning as well as the obstructing factor in PAI learning. Among the finding of such study shows that GPAI capability in planning and implementing the learning is in fair category. This is affected by the limitation of GPAI understanding on SI document, in syllabus development as well as RPP composing. The assessment procedure on PAI learning in general refers to the Permendiknas No.22 of 2006, but generally GPAI faces difficulty in doing the assessment on good behaviour since there is no assessment format yet."

"AbstrakArticle 7 paragraph (1) of Law No. 1 Year 1974 on Marriage determines marriage permitted if the man is 19 years old and female 16 years old. The age limit of marriage for 16-year-old women is considered an early age and is a problem. Child marriage in this paper is a marriage performed by men and women under the age of 18 years. It is able to cause divorce and obstruction of education. In addition to article 7 paragraph (1), child marriage is also due to pregnancy due to free sex (zina) of teenagers. According to Islamic Law, zina is an out-of-wedlock marriage committed deliberately and consciously by man and woman with their individual willingness, likes, without coercion. How is the protection of Article 7 paragraph (1) on child marriage and women under18 years old who commit zina in terms of Islamic Law? The method of research is normative-juridical and descriptive-qualitative, apply the theory ofmaqashid al sharia and neo receptio a contrario theory"

"Foreword by Michael Shermer, Ph.D. Contributors include Richard Dawkins, Penn Jillette, Julia Sweeney, and Dr. Donald B. Ardell It's hard enough to live a secular life in a religious world. And bringing up children without religious influence can be even more daunting. Despite the difficulties, a large and growing number of parents are choosing to raise their kids without religion. In Parenting Beyond Belief, Dale McGowan celebrates the freedom that comes with raising kids without formal indoctrination and advises parents on the most effective way to raise freethinking children. With advice from educators, doctors, psychologists, and philosophers as well as wisdom from everyday parents, the book offers tips and insights on a variety of topics, from "mixed marriages" to coping with death and loss, and from morality and ethics to dealing with holidays. Sensitive and timely, Parenting Beyond Belief features reflections from such freethinkers as Mark Twain, Richard Dawkins, Bertrand Russell, and wellness guru Dr. Don Ardell that will empower every parent to raise both caring and independent children without constraints."

"Foreword by Michael Shermer, Ph.D. Contributors include Richard Dawkins, Penn Jillette, Julia Sweeney, and Dr. Donald B. Ardell It's hard enough to live a secular life in a religious world. And bringing up children without religious influence can be even more daunting. Despite the difficulties, a large and growing number of parents are choosing to raise their kids without religion. In Parenting Beyond Belief, Dale McGowan celebrates the freedom that comes with raising kids without formal indoctrination and advises parents on the most effective way to raise freethinking children. With advice from educators, doctors, psychologists, and philosophers as well as wisdom from everyday parents, the book offers tips and insights on a variety of topics, from "mixed marriages" to coping with death and loss, and from morality and ethics to dealing with holidays. Sensitive and timely, Parenting Beyond Belief features reflections from such freethinkers as Mark Twain, Richard Dawkins, Bertrand Russell, and wellness guru Dr. Don Ardell that will empower every parent to raise both caring and independent children without constraints."