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"Benzo a pyrene BaP merupakan salah satu golongan PAHs. IARC menetapkan benzo a pyrene BaP sebagai penyebab kanker pada hewan dan mungkin pada manusia Group 2A. Sumber BaP dari buangan kendaraan bermotor, pembakaran kayu dari perapian, fly ash dari pembangkit listrik dengan bahan batubara atau proses pembakaran lainnya. SMPN 16 Bandung terletak di Jalan P.H. Hasan Mustafa No.53 yang merupakan jalan raya utama padat lalu lintas, dekat dengan SPBU memiliki risiko terpajan BaP. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengestimasi tingkat risiko kesehatan pajanan BaP pada anak SMPN 16 Bandung kelas VIII. Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan Mei 2017. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode Analisis Risiko Kesehatan Lingkungan ARKL. Nilai estimasi risiko kesehatan non karsinogenik dinyatakan dengan Risk Quotient RQ dan estimasi risiko kesehatan karsinogenik dinyatakan dengan Excess Cancer Risk ECR. Konsentrasi BaP di udara ambient lingkungan sekolah diukur dan karakteristik pola pajanan responden diperoleh dari hasil wawancara langsung. Nilai konsentrasi BaP pada pengambilan 10 titik nilainya sama.

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Benzo a pyrene BaP is one of the PAHs. The IARC establishes Benzo a pyrene BaP as a cause of cancer in animals and possibly in humans. The sources of BaPcan befrom vehicle rsquo s disposal, wood burning from fireplaces, flying ash from coal based power plants or other combustion processes. 16 Bandung Junior High School is located at P.H. Hasan Mustafa 53 which is a major traffic highway, close to gas stations that has a risk of being exposed to BaP. The research took place in some student of 16 Bandung JHS especially those who are in grade eight. The study was conducted in May 2017. The method that rsquo s used is the method of Environmental Health Risk Analysis. The estimated value of non carcinogenic health risk is expressed as Risk Quotient RQ and the estimated value of carcinogenic health risk is expressed as Excess Cancer Risk ECR. The concentration of BaP in the air of school rsquo's environment is measured and the characteristic of exposure is obtained from direct interviews. The value of BaP rsquo's concentration at 10 points is equal to "

"Benzena merupakan bahan kimia yang terbukti karsinogenik serta bersifat genotoksik pada manusia. Salah satu penggunaan benzena adalah lem yang digunakan di industri mebel atau furniture. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengestimasi tingkat risiko kesehatan pajanan benzena pada pekerja industri mebel. Yang menjadi tempat penelitian adalah workshop kayu yang berada Kawasan Gotong Royong, Klender, Jakarta Timur. Penelitian dilakukan selama bulan November hingga Maret 2016. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode Analisis Risiko Kesehatan Lingkungan (ARKL). Nilai estimasi risiko kesehatan non karsinogenik dinyatakan dengan Risk Quetient dan estimasi risiko kesehatan karsinogenik dinyatakan dengan Excess Cancer Risk.Konsentrasi benzena di udara lingkungan kerja diukur dan karakteristik pola pemajanan responden didapatkan dari hasil wawancara langsung. Didapatkan bahwa nilai median konsentrasi benzena di udara lingkungan kerja di Kawasan Gotong Royong sebesar 0,508 mg/m3 atau 0,159 ppm. Nilai median dari intake non karsinogenik untuk durasi life span adalah 0,016 mg/kg/hari, sedangkan nilai median dari intake non karsinogenik real time sebesar 0,00073 mg/kg/hari. Nilai median dari intake karsinogenik sebesar 0,00026 mg/kg/hari. Dari nilai intake, didapat besar tingkat risiko non karsinogenik (RQ) untuk durasi life span sebesar 1,90 dan RQ real time sebesar 0,085. Sedangkan tingkat risiko karsinogenik (ECR) dengan CSF minimal sebesar 0,4E-4 dan ECR dengan CSF maksimal sebesar 1,5E-4. Nilai RQ life span dan nilai ECR maksimal sudah melewati batas aman sehingga udara di lingkungan kerja Kawasan Gotong Royong sudah tidak aman dari risiko kesehatan non karsinogenik dan risiko kesehatan karsinogenik pajanan benzena dengan intake sesuai masing-masing responden. Diperlukan manajemen risiko untuk meminimalisir risiko kesehatan pajanan benzena.

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Benzene is a chemical that proven carcinogenic and genotoxic in humans. One of the uses of benzene is the glue used in the furniture industry. This study was conducted to estimate the health risks of exposure to benzene in the furniture industry workers which used the glue contains benzene. The research took place in some furniture production workshops in Kawasan Gotong Royong, Klender, East Jakarta. The study was conducted during the months of November to March, 2016. The method used is the method of Environmental Health Risk Analysis (HRA). The estimated value of non-carcinogenic health risk is expressed as Risk Quetient (RQ) and carcinogenic health risk estimates is expressed as Excess Cancer Risk (ECR).

The concentration of benzene in the air working environment is measured and the characteristic of exposure of respondents obtained from direct interviews. It was found that the median value of the concentration of benzene in the air working environment of the Kawasan Gotong Royong was 0,508 mg/m3 or 0,159 ppm. The median value of non-carcinogenic intake for the life span duration was 0,016 mg/kg/day, while the median value of intake of non carcinogenic for the real time duration was 0,00073 mg/kg/day. The median value of the carcinogenic intake was 0,00026 mg/kg/day.

By the value of the intake, it was calculated the level of risk of non carcinogenic (RQ) for the life span duration was 1.90 and RQ for the real time duration was 0,085. While the level of carcinogenic risk (ECR) with a minimum of CSF was 0,4E-4 and ECR with CSF maximum was 1,5E-4. RQ value for the life span duration was >1 and the maximum value of ECR was >1E-4 suggested the air in the working environment of the Kawasan Gotong Royong was not safe from the health risks of non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic health risks of exposure to benzene based on the appropriate intake of each respondent. Risk management is required to minimize the health risks of exposure to benzene."

"ABSTRAKRadon (Rn222) merupakan radionuklida alami yang termasuk kedalam golongan zat karsinogenik. Radon berasal dari kandungan batuan didalam lapisan tanah yang naik ke permukaan. Radon dapat digunakan sebagai indikasi keberadaan potensi panas bumi di suatu wilayah. Penelitian ini dilakukan terhadap masyarakat Kamojang yang berada disekitar wilayah potensi panas bumi, yaitu wilayah Desa Laksana, Kecamatan Ibun, Kabupaten Bandung selama bulan April-Juni 2016. Metode yang duigunakan adalah Analisis Risiko Kesehatan Lingkungan (ARKL). Nilai risiko karsinogenik pajanan Radon dinyatakan dengan Excess Cancer Risk (ECR).Dari hasil pengukuran konsentrasi Radon indoor di pemukiman penduduk didapatkan nilai median konsentrasi Radon dalam udara ruang di wilayah pemukiman Kamojang, Kabupaten Bandung tahun 2016 sebesar 33,67 Bq/m3. Hasil perhitungan intake Radon pada masyarakat Kamojang didapatkan nilai median sebesar 153,24 10-4 Bq. Besar tingkat risiko karsinogenik pajanan Radon indoor pada masyarakat Kamojang tahun 2016 memiliki median sebesar 0,08 x 10-6 atau 8 x 10-8, diartikan bahwa dengan pajanan Radon dengan intake sesuai individu yang diwawancarai, menambah kemungkinan adanya risiko karsinogenik dalam 8 kasus per 100.000.000 penduduk. Angka ini menunjukkan bahwa kualitas udara didalam ruang rumah masih acceptable dari efek karsinogenik pajanan Radon.

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ABSTRACTRadon (Rn222) is a natural radionuclides included into the group of carcinogenic substances. Radon comes from rocks in the soil layer that comes to the surface. Radon can be used as an indication of the presence of the geothermal potential in the region. The research was conducted on Kamojang people who were around the area of geothermal energy, which Laksana Village area, Ibun, Bandung during the months from June to July 2016. The method is Environmental Health Risk Assessment (EHRA). Radon exposure is carcinogenic risk values expressed by Excess Cancer Risk (ECR).From the results of indoor radon concentration measurements in residential areas has median value of radon concentrations in air amounted to 33.67 Bq / m3. Radon intake has results in society Kamojang obtained median value of 153.24 10-4 Bq. Carcinogenic risk level indoor radon exposure in the community Kamojang 2016 had a median of 0.08 x 10-6 or 8 x 10-8, mean that the radon exposure with appropriate individuals interviewed intake, increase the potential risk of carcinogenic in 8 cases per 100 million inhabitants. This figure shows that the air quality inside the home space is still acceptable from the carcinogenic effects of exposure to radon"

"Air minum adalah kebutuhan yang sangat esensial bagi seluruh makhluk hidup termasuk manusia. Air minum dengan kualitas yang memenuhi standar kesehatan sangat penting karena kualitas air yang tidak memenuhi standar kesehatan dapat menimbulkan berbagai gangguan kesehatan pada orang yang meminumnya. Untuk itu pengadaan akses air minum yang sehat penting untuk diupayakan dalam setiap aspek kehidupan, salah satunya di lingkup pendidikan tinggi. Universitas Indonesia adalah salah satu perguruan tinggi di Indonesia yang menyediakan akses air siap minum melalui fasilitas kampus yang terletak di Kota Depok, Jawa Barat. Penelitian ini memiliki tujuan untuk mengestimasi besaran risiko gangguan kesehatan akibat pajanan nitrat dan besi melalui konsumsi air siap minum yang disediakan oleh pihak Kampus UI Depok pada mahasiswa UI. Terdapat 50 responden mahasiswa yang berasal dari 8 (delapan) fakultas yang diamati di lingkungan Kampus UI Depok diwawancara guna mendapatkan data terkait pola konsumsi air siap minum dan antropometri. Konsentrasi nitrat dan besi diketahui dari hasil uji laboratorium sampel air siap minum dari 8 fakultas yang diamati. Hasil uji laboratorium menunjukkan bahwa keseluruhan sampel sudah memenuhi baku mutu kesehatan untuk parameter besi. Sedangkan untuk parameter nitrat masih terdapat satu sampel yang memiliki konsentrasi nitrat melebihi baku mutu. Berdasarkan hasil perhitungan analisis risiko, tingkat risiko (RQ) pajanan nitrat melalui konsumsi air siap minum pada mahasiswa di lingkungan Kampus UI Depok pada pajanan realtime parameter nitrat dan besi masing-masing sebesar 0,006 dan 0,001. Sedangkan pajanan lifespan parameter nitrat dan besi melalui konsumsi air siap minum pada lingkup populasi yang sama menunjukan nilai masing-masing sebesar 0,043 dan 0,011. Selain itu tingkat risiko pada semua skenario (intake minimum, rata-rata dan maksimum) baik pada lingkup populasi keseluruhan Kampus UI Depok maupun per fakultas dinyatakan aman atau tidak berisiko (RQ ≤ 1) menyebabkan gangguan kesehatan pada mahasiswa yang mengkonsumsi air siap minum tersebut.

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Drinking water is a very essential need which is required by all living creatures including humans. Drinking water that fulfils health standards is important since if drinking water does not meet the required health standards it could cause many health problems to those who consume it. Due to these terms, the provision of access to healthy drinking water is important to strive for in every aspect of life, one of these aspects is in academic realm. Universitas Indonesia is one the campuses in Indonesia that has provided healthy drinking water access to its inhabitants through its campus facility located in Depok City, West Java. This study aims to estimate the health risk cause by exposure to nitrate and iron through the consumption of ready-to drink water provided by Universitas Indonesia. There are 50 student respondents from eight observed faculties that are interviewed to obtain data related to consumption patterns of ready-to-drink water and anthropometry. Nitrate and iron concentrations were known from laboratory test results of ready-to-drink water samples from the 8 observed faculties. Laboratory test results showed that all samples met the health quality standards for iron parameters. As for the nitrate parameter, there is still one sample that has a nitrate concentration that exceeds the quality standard Based on the results of risk analysis calculations, the risk level (RQ) of nitrate exposure through consumption of ready-to-drink water in students at the UI Depok Campus on realtime exposure to nitrate and iron parameters is 0,006 and 0,001, respectively. While exposure to nitrate and iron lifespan parameters through consumption of ready-to-drink water in the same population range showed values of 0,043 and 0,011 respectively. In addition, the level of risk in all scenarios (minimum, average and maximum intake) both in the scope of the overall population of the UI Depok Campus and per faculty is stated to be safe or not at risk (RQ ≤ 1) causing health problems to students who consume ready-to-drink water."

"TPA Cipayung Depok kini sudah mencapai masa overload karena sudah melebihi kapasitas untuk menampung sampah. Timbunan sampah yang terus meningkat di TPA dapat menyebabkan pencemaran lingkungan dan berisiko terhadap kesehatan manusia. Dampak dari pencemaran yang ditimbulkan dari TPA salah satunya adalah penyakit bawaan udara atau airborne disease. Penyakit tersebut disebabkan oleh adanya sampah organik yang membusuk oleh mikroorganisme sehingga menghasilkan gas hidrogen sulfida (H2S) dan gas metana (CH4) yang memiliki sifat toksik bagi tubuh manusia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tingkat risiko kesehatan yang ditimbulkan oleh pajanan gas hidrogen sulfida terhadap anak-anak yang tinggal di sekitar TPA Cipayung, Kota Depok. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif pendekatan Analisis Risiko Kesehatan Lingkungan (ARKL). Pengukuran konsentrasi H2S dilakukan pada pagi hingga sore hari pada 3 titik lokasi dalam radius kurang dari 1 km dan pengambilan data antropometri serta riwayat kesehatan anak dilakukan dengan wawancara dan kuesioner. Konsentrasi gas H2S tertinggi diperoleh sebesar 0,005 ppm dan terendah sebesar 0,004 ppm. Tingkat risiko untuk pajanan berdasarkan pola aktivitas (aktivitas istirahat, aktivitas ringan, aktivitas sedang, dan aktivitas berat) dan pajanan realtime diperoleh nilai RQ < 1 yang berarti belum memiliki risiko kesehatan terhadap anak-anak. Namun, pada pajanan lifespan diperoleh nilai RQ > 1, yaitu sebesar 1,028 yang berarti anak-anak memiliki risiko terkena efek kesehatan nonkarsinogenik sehingga diperlukan adanya manajemen risiko untuk mengurangi pajanan gas H2S. Riwayat gejala gangguan kesehatan yang berhubungan dengan efek kesehatan akibat pajanan H2S, yaitu ISPA dan iritasi mata diperoleh sebanyak 74 anak (82,2%) mengalami gejala ISPA dan 48 anak (53,3%) mengalami gejala iritasi mata. Hasil analisis Uji Mann-Whitney menunjukkan tidak ada perbedaan yang signifikan antara nilai rata-rata asupan realtime anak-anak yang mengalami gejala ISPA dan gejala iritasi mata dengan anak yang tidak mengalami gejala tersebut. Meskipun paparan H2S belum berisiko dalam jangka pendek, diperlukan manajemen risiko untuk mengurangi paparan H2S di masa depan. Hal ini dapat dilakukan dengan meningkatkan pengelolaan TPA, seperti pengolahan sampah secara modern, serta menanam pohon atau tanaman yang dapat menyerap H2S.

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Cipayung Landfill in Depok has now reached an overload period because it has exceeded its capacity to accommodate waste. The ever-increasing accumulation of waste in landfills can cause environmental pollution and pose a risk to human health. One of the impacts of pollution resulting from landfills is airborne disease. This disease is caused by organic waste rotting by microorganisms, producing hydrogen sulfide gas (H2S) and methane gas (CH4) which are toxic to the human body. This study aims to determine the level of health risks posed by exposure to hydrogen sulfide gas in children living around the Cipayung TPA, Depok City. This research uses a quantitative method, Environmental Health Risk Analysis (EHRA) approach. H2S concentration measurements were carried out from morning to evening at 3 location points within a radius of less than 1 km and anthropometric data and the child's health history were collected using interviews and questionnaires. The highest concentration of H2S gas was 0.005 ppm and the lowest was 0.004 ppm. The risk level for exposure based on activity patterns (rest activity, light activity, moderate activity and heavy activity) and real-time exposure obtained an RQ value < 1, which means there is no health risk to children. However, for lifespan exposure, an RQ value > 1 of 1.028 was obtained, which means that children are at risk of developing non-carcinogenic health effects, so risk management is needed to reduce exposure to H2S gas. A history of symptoms of health problems related to health effects due to H2S exposure, acute respiratory infections (ARI) and eye irritation, was obtained from 74 children (82.2%) experiencing symptoms of ARI and 48 children (53.3%) experiencing symptoms of eye irritation. The results of the Mann-Whitney Test analysis showed that there was no significant difference between the average real-time intake value of children who experienced ARI symptoms and eye irritation symptoms and children who did not experience these symptoms. Although exposure to H2S is not yet a risk in the short term, risk management is needed to reduce exposure to H2S in the future. This can be done by improving landfill management, such as modern waste processing, as well as planting trees or plants that can absorb H2S."

"Kegiatan produksi tomat tidak terlepas dari penggunaan pestisida jenis profenofos. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui risiko kesehatan akibat konsumsi tomat yang mengandung residu profenofos di Desa Cikandang Kecamatan Cikajang Kabupaten Garut. Metode penelitian adalah observasional study dengan rancangan Analisis Risiko Kesehatan Lingkungan. Konsentrasi profenofos tertinggi yaitu sampel II yaitu 0,189 mg/kg, dan konsentrasi rata-rata yaitu 0,129 mg/kg. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut maka konsentrasi profenofos dalam sayur tomat telah melewati batas normal menurut EPA (2006) yaitu 0,00005 mg/kg/h . Hasil menunjukkan untuk RQ non karsinogenik dari kelima dusun yang diteliti semuanya memiliki risiko untuk terkena penyakit. Sehingga manajemen pengurangan risiko kesehatan perlu dilakukan.

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Tomato production is inseparable from pesticide use type of profenofos. This research aims to know the health risks resulting from the consumption of tomatoes containing residues of profenofos in Cikandang village of Cikajang sub-district of Garut. The research method is the observational study with the draft Environmental Health Risk Analysis. The highest concentration of profenofos i.e. sample II IE 0.189 mg/kg, and average concentrations i.e. 0.129 mg/kg. Based on those results then the concentration of profenofos in vegetable tomato has gone through the normallimit according to EPA (2006) is 0.00005 mg/kg/day. The results show for the non carcinogenic RQ of Hillbilly who examined all have the risk to be exposed to the disease. Health risk reduction management so that needs to be done."

"Peningkatan kendaraan transportasi menyebabkan pencemaran udara. PM2,5 polutan utama memiliki pengaruh besar terhadap kesehatan. Kondisi cekungan Bandung menyebabkan polutan terperangkap karena penyebaran polutan terhambat. Penelitian bertujuan menganalisis risiko kesehatan pada remaja siswa SMPN 16 Bandung akibat pajanan inhalasi PM2,5 di lingkungan sekolah. Desain studi Analisis Risiko Kesehatan Lingkungan ARKL . Pengukuran konsentrasi PM2,5 dilakukan pada 10 titik menggunakan Haz Dust EPAM 5000. Sampel siswa kelas VIII sebanyak 66 siswa yang dipilih secara acak. Rata-rata konsentrasi PM2,5 sebesar 29,34 g/m3 , masih di bawah nilai baku mutu menurut PP Nomor 41 Tahun 1999 65 g/Nm3. Adanya peningkatan Intake realtime, 3 tahun dan 12 tahun secara berturut-turut 7.53x10-5, 1.25x10-4, 5.02x10-4 mg/kg/hari. Intake PM2,5 tinggi pada siswa dengan berat badan rendah dibandingkan dengan siswa dengan berat badan yang besar. Estimasi risiko kesehatan dinyatakan sebagai risk quotient RQ yang dihitung dari rata-rata intake pajanan PM2,5 terhadap siswa dan dosis referensi RfC , RQ>1 menunjukkan risiko perlu dikendalikan. Hasil analisis dengan durasi pajanan realtime, 3 tahun, dan 12 tahun menunjukkan batas aman terhadap pajanan PM2,5 RQ < 1 . Secara keseluruhan siswa kelas VIII tidak berisiko terhadap pajanan inhlasi PM2,5 di Lingkungan sekolah.

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Increase in transport vehicles causes air pollution. Major pollutant of PM2.5 provides an enormous impact on health. Basin condition in Bandung causes the pollutants to be trapped because the pollutant cannot be released. The aim of this research is to analyze the health risks of junior high school students of SMPN 16 Bandung due to PM2.5 inhalation exposure in the school environment by using Environmental Health Risk Assessment method. PM2.5 concentration assessment was conducted at 10 points with a sample of 66 students rsquo grade VIII selected randomly. The average concentration of PM2.5, which was 29.34 g m3 was still below the standard value regulated by Government Regulation No. 41 of 1999 65 g Nm3. The increased in real time intake for 3 years and 12 years respectively were 7.53x10 5, 1.25x10 4, 5.02x10 4 mg kg day. PM2.5 intake was higher in students with light weight than students with heavy weight. Estimated health risks was expressed as risk quotient RQ calculated from the average of PM2.5 exposure intake on students and reference dose RfC , RQ 1 indicated the risk needed to be controlled. The results of the analysis with the duration of real time exposure for 3 years and 12 years showed a safe limit to PM2.5 exposure RQ. "

"ABSTRAKPolutan utama dari sistem pembakaran batubara salah satunya SO2. Sulfur dioksidia menyebabkan iritasi, batuk refleks, menyebabkan penyakit pernafasan dan gangguan daya tahan paru-paru. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pajanan SO2 di lingkungan sekitar pembangkit listrik tenaga uap (PLTU) Suralaya yaitu pada desa Lebak Gede, Cipala Dua, Brigil, Gunung Gede, Salira Indah, dan Sumuranja dan gangguan pernafasannya pada masyarakat sekitar. Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif, dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Sampel responden diambil secara purposive sampling berdasarkan titik pengukuran udara pada setiap desa yaitu 35 orang di setiap desa. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode Analisis Risiko Kesehatan Lingkungan (ARKL) yang menggunakan nilai Rfc SO2 (0,026 mg / kg / hari), dan selanjutnya dilakukan secara cross sectional untuk menghubungkan tingkat risiko dengan kejadian gangguan pernafasan di sekitar PLTU. Hasil ARKL menunjukkan bahwa tingkat risiko di lingkungan sekitar PLTU Suralaya yaitu pada desa Lebak Gede, Cipala Dua, Brigil, Gunung Gede, Salira Indah, dan Sumuranja masih tergolong aman karena nilai RQ dibawah 1 dalam kurun waktu lebih dari 30 tahun. Hasil analisis cross sectional menunjukkan bahwa tidak ada hubungan antara tingkat risiko kesehatan akibat pajanan SO2 dengan kejadian gangguan saluran pernafasan pada masyarakat di sekitar PLTU karena memiliki nilai-p yang lebih besar dari alfa.ABSTRACTOne of the main pollutants from the coal combustion system is SO2. Sulfur dioxidia causes irritation, reflex coughing, causes respiratory disease and lung resistance. This study aims to analyze SO2 exposure in the environment around the Suralaya steam power plant (PLTU), namely in the villages of Lebak Gede, Cipala Dua, Brigil, Gunung Gede, Salira Indah, and Sumuranja and respiratory problems in the surrounding community. This research is descriptive, with a cross sectional approach. The sample of respondents was taken by purposive sampling based on air measurement points in each village, namely 35 people in each village. This research was conducted using the Environmental Health Risk Analysis (ARKL) method using the Rfc SO2 value (0.026 mg / kg / day), and then carried out cross-sectional to link the risk level with the incidence of respiratory problems around the PLTU. The ARKL results show that the level of risk in the environment around PLTU Suralaya, namely in the villages of Lebak Gede, Cipala Dua, Brigil, Gunung Gede, Salira Indah, and Sumuranja is still relatively safe because the RQ value is below 1 in a period of more than 30 years. The results of the cross sectional analysis show that there is no relationship between the level of health risk due to SO2 exposure and the incidence of respiratory problems in the community around the PLTU because it has a p-value greater than alpha."

"Kampus Universitas Indonesia memiliki fasilitas pelayanan alat penyedia air siap minum yang dapat mengubah air tanah menjadi air siap minum. Penggunaan air tanah masih dominan di Kampus Universitas Indonesia Kota Depok. Kota Depok memiliki karakteristik jenis tanah yang terbentuk dari pelapukan batuan sedimen sehingga air tanah Kota Depok berpeluang mengandung logam berat berupa mangan dan kromium heksavalen. Penelitian ini dilakukan menggunakan pendekatan studi Analisis Risiko Kesehatan Lingkungan (ARKL) yang bertujuan untuk mengestimasi besaran risiko kesehatan akibat pajanan mangan dan kromium heksavalen melalui asupan air siap minum yang dikonsumsi mahasiswa Universitas Indonesia. Total responden yang diwawancarai berjumlah 60 orang dan sampel air siap minum berjumlah 9 sampel yang dikumpulkan dari 8 fakultas. Terdapat 1 sampel air siap minum yang kadar konsentrasi mangannnya melebihi standar baku mutu berdasarkan Permenkes No 2 Tahun 2023. Jumlah estimasi rata-rata intake pajanan mangan dan kromium heksavalen masing-masing sebesar 1.21×10-5 mg/kg/hari dan 7.12×10-7 mg/kg/hari (realtime) serta 8.75×10-5 mg/kg/hari dan 5.15×10- 6 mg/kg/hari (lifespan). Tingkat risiko pajanan mangan dan kromium heksavalen masing-masing sebesar 8.64×10-5 dan 2.37×10-4 (realtime) serta 6.25×10-4 dan 1.72×10-3 (lifespan). Hasil ini menunjukkan bahwa air siap minum tidak berisiko menimbulkan gangguan kesehatan (RQ ≤ 1) sehingga air aman untuk diminum.

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The University of Indonesia campus has a ready-to-drink water service facility that can convert groundwater into ready-to-drink water. The use of groundwater is still dominant in the University of Indonesia campus in Depok City. Depok City has the characteristic of soil type which is formed from the weathering of sedimentary rocks so that Depok City's groundwater has the possibility of containing heavy metals in the form of manganese and hexavalent chromium. This research was conducted using the Environmental Health Risk Analysis (ERHA) study approach which aims to estimate the magnitude of the health risk due to exposure to manganese and hexavalent chromium through intake of ready-to-drink water consumed by University of Indonesia students. The total number of respondents interviewed was 60 people and the ready-to-drink water samples were 9 samples that were collected from 8 faculties. There is 1 ready-to-drink water sample whose manganese concentration exceeds the quality standard based on Permenkes No 2 of 2023. The estimated average intake of manganese and hexavalent chromium exposure respectively is 1.21×10-5 mg/kg/day and 7.12×10-7 mg/kg/day (realtime) and 8.75×10-5 mg/kg/day and 5.15×10- 6 mg/kg/day (lifespan). The risk levels of exposure to manganese and hexavalent chromium respectively were 8.64×10-5 and 2.37×10-4 (realtime) and 6.25×10-4 and 1.72×10-3 (lifespan). These results indicate that ready-to-drink water is not at risk of causing health problems (RQ ≤ 1) so that the water is classified as safe to drink water."

"Particulate Matter2.5 merupakan polutan yang menjadi perhatian karena sifatnya yang unik. Dengan ukuran kurang dari 25 mikron, polutan ini dapat masuk hingga alveoli. Terdiri dari berbagai bahan dan mampu ditempeli oleh polutan kimia toksik, toksisitas PM2.5 belum dapat ditentukan secara pasti, sumber PM2.5 yang penting yaitu jalan raya. Sekolah yang dekat dengan jalan raya dapat menjadi tempat terpajannya siswa dengan PM2.5. Siswa merupakan kelompok rentan yang menghirup lebih banyak konsentrasi polutan dibandingkan dengan orang dewasa, diperlukan suatu analisis risiko kesehatan pajanan PM2.5 pada siswa sekolah. Asupan harian PM2.5 siswa berada pada rentang 7.30×10-5-14.4×10-4 mg/kg/hari, perhitungan risiko non karsinogenik bernilai dari 0.02-0.36 rentang ini berada dibawah nilai 1 sehingga dapat dikatakan aman

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Particulate Matter2.5 is becoming international concern due to its unique nature. With a size less than 25 microns, these pollutants can penetrate deep to the alveoli. Consisting of a variety of materials and capable of plastering by toxic chemical pollutants, the toxicity of PM2.5 can not yet be determined with certainty. One of the important sources of PM2.5 is the road traffic. Populations close to the source of exposure will have potential hazards, one place with a densely populated such as school. Schools close to the highway may be the site of exposure to students with PM2.5. Students are a vulnerable group that inhale more concentrations of pollutants than adults, a risk analysis of PM2 exposure to school students is required. The daily intake of PM2.5 students is in the range of 7.30 × 10-5-14.4 × 10-4 mg / kg / day, the calculation of non carcinogenic risk is 0.02-0.36, this range is below the value of 1 so it can be that the hazards are not considered a threat to public health."