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"Struktur bangunan tinggi lebih beresiko terkena efek gempa sehingga dibutuhkan sistem penahan gempa yang andal. Sebagai contoh, gedung World Trade Center yang menggunakan gabungan antara core wall dan viscoelastic damper yang diletakkan pada bresing baja di struktur atas. Mengacu pada model tersebut, pada penelitian ini dimodelkan struktur bangunan sebagai sistem ganda yang terdiri dari SRPMK baja dan core wall. Berbeda dengan gedung WTC, kedua struktur tersebut dihubungkan oleh isolator elastomeric. Sebagai variasi pemodelan, isolator diletakkan pada beberapa lantai yang beresiko menahan beban lateral yang besar. Selain itu, variasi kekakuan dan gaya leleh juga dimodelkan guna mendapat spesifikasi elastomeric yang efektif. Untuk simulasi gempa, dilakukan proses penyesuaian antara data rekaman gempa yang sesuai dengan respons spektrum target, yakni hasil matching antara gempa Chi-Chi dan respons spektrum daerah DKI Jakarta. Analisa gempa yang digunakan yaitu respon spektrum dengan beban gempa MCER dan time history nonlinear. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan elastomeric dengan spesifikasi dan lokasi yang tepat akan meningkatkan periode getar dan displacement struktur secara keseluruhan, serta memperkecil gaya geser dasar bangunan.

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High rise building have large risk due to earthquake load which requires an adequate earthquake resistance system. As an example, World Trade Center building which is combination between core wall and viscoelastic damper which is located in steel brace of upper structure. Based on that model, in this research, structure simulated as dual system which consist of moment resisting steel frame and core wall. Different with WTC building, both structures connected by elastomeric bearing type. As a variant, isolation put on some location which have large risk due to large lateral load. Beside that, variant of stiffness and yield force are simulated to obtain an effective isolation. Earthquake simulation using adjusted accelerogram and response spectrum target, which is matching output between Chi-Chi accelerogram and spectrum response of DKI Jakarta. Earthquake analysis is using spectrum response MCER and time history nonlinear. Based on research, using of elastomeric with exact spesification and location will increase period and displacement of structure and decrease the base shear of structure."

"This study aims to analyze the collapse mechanism of an Ammu Hawutraditional Indonesian house, which has palm wood (Borassus flabellifer) as its main material, by using Wallstat program and extended distinct element method. Wallstat is a collapse analysis program used to determine a building’s damage status and likelihood of collapseduring an earthquake. A total of 10 models were generated for numerical simulation. Among them, 1 represented the original structure, 4 were bracing reinforced models, and 5 were shear-wall reinforced models. These models were observed under the conditions of the ElCentro (1940) and Kobe (1995) earthquakes. Results showed that the models reinforced with diagonal bracings used at the first story of the Ammu Hawu house were significantly more effective in collapse prevention than the shear wall reinforcement at the second story."

"ABSTRAKDalam proses desain struktur atau dalam menganalisa struktur yang telah ada, seorang perencana memulainya dengan membuat modelisasi suatu struktur. Model struktur yang dibuat direncanakan semirip mungkin dengan struktur asli dan model tersebut diharapkan dapat memberikan respon yang mendekati dengan struktur asli.Berbagai macam pemodelan dinding geser berangkai telah dilakukan yaitu dengan menggunakan metode portal ekivalen, plane stress membrane element, plane stress membrane element – balok lentur.Pada penulisan ini dilakukan pemodelan struktur dinding geser beserta balok perangkainya dengan menggunakan elemen membran dan balok geser. Dinding dimodelkan sebagai quadrilateral plane stress membrane element dan balok dengan elemen balok geser THB (Timoshenko Hecky Beam). Dengan pemodelan ini diharapkan akan didapat defleksi lateral pada dinding geser yang mendekati respons struktur sebenarnya. Respon sebenarnya dengan mengganggap semua elemen menggunakan quadrilateral plane stress membrane element.Dari hasil simulasi yang telah dilakukan, jika ditinjau dari simpangan displacement ternyata pemodelan balok perangkai dengan menggunakan elemen balok geser (THB) dapat dilakukan jika perbandingan Lh>4 namun untuk balok perangkai dengan perbandingan Lh<4pemodelannya dengan balok lentur justru memberikan hasil yang mendekati model referensi.Jika ditinjau dari simpangan gaya geser yang dihasilkan ternyata simpangan gaya geser terkecil dicapai jika pemodelan menggunakan elemen balok DSB (Discrete Shear Beam).

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ABSTRACTIn the process of design structure or in analyzing existing structure, an engineer begins with main models of the structure. The model have to be as similar as the real structure, and the model were expected to give response as near as the real structures.Some modeling coupled shear walls has been done by using equivalent frame method, plane stress membrane element, plane stress membrane element - link beam.In this report, modeled coupled shear walls with coupling beam has been done by using membrane elements and shear beam. The walls were modeled as quadrilateral plane stress membrane element and the beams with THB (Timoshenko Hecky Beam) shear beam. With this modeled were hoped to get lateral deflection on shear walls that close with the real structures. The real response by considering all the elements were using quadrilateral plane stress membrane element.From the simulation, according to the displacement differences, the modelization of coupling beam using shear beam element (THB) can be done if ratio of Lh>4 but for coupling beam with ratio of Lh<4, the modelization with link beam gave more accurate result to reference model.According to the result of shear story differences, the smallest value were found if the model were using Discrete Shear Beam element."

"ABSTRAKIndonesia merupakan negara kepulauan dengan tingkat resiko terhadap gempa bumi yang cukup tinggi. Namun beberapa bangunan gedung di Indonesia dibangun sebelum diterapkannya standar perencanaan ketahanan gempa, SNI 03-1726-1989 yang kemudian diperbaharui menjadi SNI 03-1726-2002, sehingga diperkirakan tidak memperhitungkan aspek-aspek ketahanan gempa pada saat bangunan tersebut dibangun. Gedung X adalah bangunan beton bertulang portal terbuka empat (4) lantai yang dibangun pada tahun 1965 dan merupakan salah satu bangunan yang dimaksud.Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengevaluasi kinerja struktur eksisting Gedung X untuk memastikan kelayakan struktur bangunan dalam mengakomodir beban gempa sesuai SNI 03-1726-2002. Apabila ditemukan ketidaksesuaian struktur dalam menahan beban gempa maka dibutuhkan suatu perencanaan metode perbaikan (perkuatan/retrofit) terhadap bangunan tersebut sehingga bangunan itu dapat memenuhi kualifikasi ketahanan gempa sesuai dengan SNI 03-1726-2002 hingga umur pakainya berakhir. Salah satu metode perbaikan yang paling umum digunakan adalah dengan menambahkan elemen baru pada struktur gedung eksisting berupa penambahan dinding geser dan bresing baja konsentrik biasa.Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, penambahan elemen dinding geser dan bresing baja dapat memperbaiki defisiensi¬defisiensi yang ada pada Gedung X sehingga ketahanan bangunan eksisting terhadap gempa pun meningkat.

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ABSTRACTIndonesia is an archipelago with high level of seismic risk. However, some buildings in Indonesia was built before the adoption of seismic resistance standards of planning, SNI 03-1726-1989 which was then updated to SNI 03-1726-2002, so it could be assumed that the seismic resistance aspects were not taken into account when the building was built. X Building is an open frame reinforced concrete building and one of buildings in question.This study was conducted to evaluate the performance of existing structures of X Building to ensure the feasibility of its structures to accommodate seismic loads in accordance with SNI 03-1726-2002. If discrepancies is found in the structures, it needs a repairing (strengthening/retrofit) method plan so that the building qualifies for seismic resistance in accordance with SNI 03-1726-2002 until its expiry date. One of the most common retrofit method is to add new elements to the existing building with addition of shear walls and ordinary concentric braced frame.Based on the results of the study, the addition of shear walls and braced frame can remove the deficiencies that occur, so the resistance of X Building against seismic increased."