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"Untuk mengatasi permasalahan sampah plastik laut, pada tahun 2018 pemerintah mengeluarkan Peraturan Presiden Nomor 83 Tahun 2018 tentang Penanggulangan Sampah Laut. Salah satu strategi yang diamanatkan dalam peraturan presiden tersebut adalah dengan menerapkan pungutan cukai atas plastik yang dituangkan dalam sebuah peraturan pemerintah mengenai cukai plastik. Riset ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi proses formulasi peraturan pemerintah mengenai cukai plastik tersebut dengan cara mengidentifikasi isu-isu utama yang dibahas, kepentingan kelompok-kelompok yang terlibat, dan merancang sebuah model kebijakan publik yang dapat dipakai untuk menganalisis proses formulasi kebijakan cukai plastik tersebut secara lengkap. Metode yang digunakan riset ini adalah metode kualitatif. Riset ini berhasil mengidentifikasi 5 isu utama yang menjadi fokus pembahasan yaitu persepsi terhadap cukai, tujuan pengenaannya, objek cukai, tarif cukai, dan mekanisme earmarking. Riset ini berhasil mengidentifikasi kepentingan dari kelompok fiskal, industri, dan lingkungan yang merupakan stakeholders utama. Riset juga berhasil merancang sebuah model kebijakan publik mengenai proses formulasi kebijakan cukai plastik di Indonesia dengan mengembangkan model Multiple Streams Framework.

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In order to mitigate the problem of marine plastic waste, in 2018, the Government issued Presidential Decree 83 of 2018 concerning Marine Waste Management. One of the strategies mandated in the presidential regulation is to implement an excise tax on plastic that would be outlined in a government regulation regarding plastic excise. This research aims to identify the process of formulating the government regulation on plastic excise by identifying the main issues discussed, the interests of the groups involved, and designing a public policy model that can be used to thoroughly analyze the policy formulation process. The method used in this research is a qualitative method. This research succeeded in identifying 5 main issues that became the focus of the discussion, namely perceptions of excise, the purpose of its imposition, excise objects, excise rates, and earmarking mechanisms. This research succeeded in identifying the interests of fiscal, industrial and environmental groups which are the main stakeholders. Research has also succeeded in designing a public policy model regarding the plastic excise policy formulation process in Indonesia by modifying Kingdons’s Multiple Streams Framework model."

"This edited book covers recent advances of techniques, methods and tools treating the problem of learning from data streams generated by evolving non-stationary processes. The goal is to discuss and overview the advanced techniques, methods and tools that are dedicated to manage, exploit and interpret data streams in non-stationary environments. The book includes the required notions, definitions, and background to understand the problem of learning from data streams in non-stationary environments and synthesizes the state-of-the-art in the domain, discussing advanced aspects and concepts and presenting open problems and future challenges in this field.-Provides multiple examples to facilitate the understanding data streams in non-stationary environments;-Presents several application cases to show how the methods solve different real world problems;-Discusses the links between methods to help stimulate new research and application directions."

"This book covers the history and recent developments of stochastic computing. Stochastic computing (SC) was first introduced in the 1960s for logic circuit design, but its origin can be traced back to von Neumanns work on probabilistic logic. In SC, real numbers are encoded by random binary bit streams, and information is carried on the statistics of the binary streams. SC offers advantages such as hardware simplicity and fault tolerance. Its promise in data processing has been shown in applications including neural computation, decoding of error-correcting codes, image processing, spectral transforms and reliability analysis.There are three main parts to this book. The first part, comprising Chapters 1 and 2, provides a history of the technical developments in stochastic computing and a tutorial overview of the field for both novice and seasoned stochastic computing researchers. In the second part, comprising Chapters 3 to 8, we review both well-established and emerging design approaches for stochastic computing systems, with a focus on accuracy, correlation, sequence generation, and synthesis. The last part, comprising Chapters 9 and 10, provides insights into applications in machine learning and error-control coding. "