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"Berbagai penelitian telah mengasosiasikan tingkah laku merokok pada remaja dengan stres dan persepsi yang mereka miliki mengenai dampak dari perilaku merokok tersebut. Meskipun begitu, belum terdapat penelitian yang melihat peran persepsi dampak merokok dalam hubungan stres dan perilaku merokok. Dalam penelitian ini akan dilihat bagaimana kontribusi persepsi dampak merokok dalam hubungan antara tingkat stres dan intensitas merokok. Terdapat 3 alat ukur yang digunakan yaitu Perceived Stress Scale Cohen et al., 1983 , Stress Scale Dahlam, dalam Herwina 2006 , dan item-item untuk mengukur perception of smoking-related risk and benefits Halpern-Felsher et al., 2004; Song et al., 2008 . Dari 150 partisipan, ditemukan bahwa persepsi dampak merokok yang termasuk keuntungan berhubungan positif dengan intensitas merokok secara signifikan t 1,148 =4,75, p

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Various studies have associated adolescents 39 smoking behavior to stress and perception related to the impact of the behavior. Even so, no study has examined the role of perception of smoking impact in the relation between stress and smoking behavior. In this study, the contribution of smoking impact perception in the relationship between stress level and smoking intensity will be examined. Three scales were used which were Perceived Stress Scale Cohen et al., 1983 , Stress Scale Dahlam, in Herwina, 2006 , and items to measure perception of smoking related risk and benefits Halpern Felsher et al., 2004 Song et al., 2008 . From 150 participants, this study found that perception of smoking impact related to benefit is positively related to smoking intensity significantly t 1,148 4,75, p"

"ABSTRAKLatar belakang: Gangguan diluar pendengaran yang disebabkan oleh bising adalah stres kerja. Dimana intensitas bising yang masih dibawah NAB dapat menimbulkan persepsi stres kerja pada sebagian orang, hal inilah yang disebut sebagai bising subyektif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat hubungan bising subyektif dengan persepsi stres pekerja menggunakan skor skala persepsi stres atau Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) serta faktor-faktor lain pada pekerja PT K di Jakarta.Metode penelitian: Penelitian menggunakan metode potong lintang dengan sampel purposif pada pekerja PT K di Jakarta. Data dikumpulkan melalui hasil medical check up dan pengisian kuesioner PSS. Subyek penelitian mempunyai kriteria inklusi bersedia menjadi responden dan bekerja di main office yang terpajan bising dibawah 85 dB. Kriteria eksklusinya adalah pekerja yang telah didiagnosa menderita gangguan jiwa stres dan penyebab stres telah diketahui.Hasil: Diantara 107 pekerja main office, terdapat 96 orang pekerja yang bersedia menjadi responden. Analisa dengan menggunakan uji statistik Mann Whitney pada pekerja yang memiliki kebiasaan exercise dengan yang tidak exercise dengan nilai p = 0,090, untuk kesan bising subyektif didapatkan p=0,005 dan untuk persepsi bising subyektif didapatkan nilai p=0,051.Kesimpulan: Dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan bermakna antara skor PSS dengan kesan bising subyektif. Sedangkan untuk umur, jenis kelamin, status pendidikan dan pernikahan, masa kerja, jabatan, DM, Hipertensi, kebiasaan merokok, exercise, dan persepsi bising subyektif didapatkan perbedaan skor PSS namun tidak bermakna.

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ABSTRACT

Background: Non hearing disorder because of noise is stress at work. Noise intensity under threshold can cause stress perception at work to some people, referred to as subjective noise exposure. This study aims to examine the relationship between subjective noise exposure and stress perception at work using score of Perceived Stress Scale Questionnaire and other factors on workers of PT K in Jakarta.

Methods: Cross sectional descriptive, conducted on 96 workers from main office. Data were collected from medical check up and Perceived Stress Scale Questionnaire. Subject have inclusive criteria were willing to become respondent and work at main office who are exposed to noise under 85 dB. Exclusive criteria were workers who have been diagnosed with stress mental disorder and cause has been known.

Results: Statistical analysis using Mann Whitney test on workers who have exercise habit with who havent give results p= 0.090, to find out if workers feel their work environment noisy or not using Mann Whitney test give result p=0.005. Meanwhile to find out if workers feel annoyed with the noise or not give results p= 0,051.

Conclusion: It can be concluded that there is a significant difference between score of Perceived Stress Scale with subjective noise impression. As for age, sex, education, marital status, years of service, position, diabetes, hypertension, smoking habits, exercise and noise subjective perception gave difference to score of Perceived Stress Scale but not meaningful."

"Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui apakah terdapat hubungan parenting stress dengan persepsi terhadap pelayanan family-centered care pada orang tua anak tunaganda-netra. Anak tunaganda adalah mereka yang karena intensitas masalah fisik, mental, atau emosional, membutuhkan pelayanan pendidikan, sosial, psikologis, dan medis melebihi program pendidikan khusus yang biasa. Penelitian ini dianggap penting karena orang tua anak tunaganda ditemukan mengalami tingkat stres yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan orang tua anak normal. Dengan adanya pemahaman mengenai berbagai kesulitan yang dialami orang tua anak tunaganda, tenaga profesional dapat memahami secara lebih mendalam tentang berbagai masalah yang ada dan membantu untuk mengarahkan pilihan intervensi dalam menangani anak. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan desain korelasional. Model operasional penelitian ini menggunakan adaptasi Parenting Stress Scale (PSS) untuk menggambarkan parenting stress dan skala Measure of Processes of Care versi Indonesia (MPOC-Indonesia) untuk menggambarkan persepsi orang tua terhadap pelayanan family-centered care. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada 52 orang tua anak tunaganda yang sedang menerima pelayanan pengasuhan dari tenaga profesional. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui metode kuesioner, sedangkan untuk analisis data digunakan perhitungan korelasi dengan teknik Pearson product-moment. Berdasarkan analisis terhadap hasil pengolahan data, penelitian ini menemukan bahwa tidak terdapat korelasi yang signifikan antara parenting stress dengan persepsi terhadap pelayanan family-centered care. Dengan kata lain, tidak terdapat hubungan antara parenting stress dengan persepsi terhadap pelayanan family-centered care pada orang tua anak tunaganda-netra. ......The purpose of this study is to better understand whether there is a relationship of parenting stress and perception of family-centered care service in parents of children with multiple disabilities and visual impairment. Children with multiple disabilities are those who because of the intensity of their physical, mental, or emotional problems need educational, social, psychological, and medical service beyond those which are traditionally offered by regular special education program. This research was considered to be crucial since parents of children with multiple disabilities have been found experience higher levels of stress than parents of normal children. Through knowledge about difficulties faced by parents of children with multiple disabilities, professionals can get a greater understanding of their problems and may help guide the intervention chosen for the children. This study is a quantitative research with a correlational design. Operational model of this study used the adaptation of Parenting Stress Scale (PSS) to describe parenting stress and the scale of Measure of Processes of Care in Indonesian version (MPOC-Indonesia) to describe parents? perception of familycentered care service. This study was held among 52 parents of children with multiple disabilities who were receiving family-centered care service from the professionals. The data was collected by using questionnaire method, and it was analyzed by using Pearson product-moment correlation technique. By analyzing the result of data processing, the research found that there was no significant correlation between parenting stress and perception of family-centered care service. In other words, there is no relationship of parenting stress and perception of family-centered care service in parents of children with multiple disabilities and visual impairment."

"ABSTRAKPengaruh Self-Talk Menggunakan Kata Ganti Bukan Orang Pertama Terhadap Penilaian Tantangan-Ancaman yang Dimoderasi oleh Persepsi Tingkat Kesulitan Tugas rdquo; Setiap individu memiliki cara berbeda dalam menilai situasi yang memicu stres, hal ini dibahas dalam kerangka teori penilaian tantangan-ancaman. Penilaian tantangan-ancaman memungkinkan adanya interaksi bersamaan antara proses kognitif, afektif dan fisiologis. Self-talk menggunakan kata ganti bukan orang pertama memunculkan efek self-distance yang berguna untuk meregulasi pikiran, emosi dan perilaku. Sedangkan persepsi tingkat kesulitan tugas dapat mempengaruhi motivasi, harapan untuk sukses, kecemasan dan performasi. Penelitian eksperimen ini bertujuan mengetahui efektifitas self-talk menggunakan kata ganti bukan orang pertama terhadap penilaian tantangan-ancaman ketika persepsi tingkat kesulitan tugas sulit dan rendah. Subjek N=160 terbagi dalam empat kondisi, self-talk menggunakan kata ganti bukan orang pertama persepsi tugas mudah N=39 , self-talk menggunakan kata ganti bukan orang pertama persepsi tugas sulit N=40 , self-talk menggunakan kata ganti orang pertama persepsi tugas mudah N=38 dan self-talk menggunakan kata ganti orang pertama persepsi tugas sulit N=43. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa ada perbedaan yang signifikan antara self-talk menggunakan kata ganti bukan orang pertama dan kata ganti orang pertama ketika menghadapi situasi dengan persepsi tingkat kesulitan tugas tinggi dan tingkat kesulitan tugas rendah, hasil analisis self-report F 3;156 = 8,196: p< 0,05, ? p2 = 0,13, hasil analisis esai F 3;156 = 12,378: p< 0,05, ? p2 = 0,192. Melalui analisis post hoc diketahui bahwa pada tugas yang mudah pada hasil self-report, tidak menunjukkan perbedaan antara self-talk menggunakan kata ganti bukan orang pertama dengan self-talk menggunakan kata ganti orang pertama p= 0,923 . Dari hasil penelitian ini, peneliti berharap self-talk menggunakan kata ganti bukan orang pertama dapat membantu menilai situasi yang memicu stres lebih sebagai tantangan daripada ancaman. Kata kunci: teori penilaian tantangan-ancaman, self-distance, self-talk, stres, regulasi diri, persepsi tingkat kesulitan tugas.

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ABSTRACTThe Effect of Self Talk with Non First Person Pronoun to Challenge Threat Apraisals Moderated by Perception Task Difficulty rdquo Each individual will have different ways of evaluation stress inducing situations, one theoretical framework that offers how individuals respond to stress is challenge threat appraisal. Challenge and threat enables concurrent interaction between cognitive, affective and physiological processes. Self talk using the first person pronoun enables the emergence of a self distance effect that helps people to regulate themselves. While perceptions of task difficulty can affect motivation, expectation for success, anxiety and performance. This experimental study aims to determine the effectiveness of self talk using non first person pronouns and first person pronouns to shallenge threat apraisals moderated by perception task difficulty. Subjects N 160 was divided into four experimental conditions, self talk using non first person pronouns with easy task perception N 39 , self talk using non first person pronouns with difficult task perceptions N 40 Self talk using the first person pronouns with easy task perceptions N 38 and self talk using the first person pronouns with difficult task perception N 43 The results of this study there is a significant differences between self talk using non first person pronouns and first person pronouns with perceptions of different levels of task difficulty. Self report analysis results F 3, 156 8.196 p "