Hasil Pencarian

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Hasil Pencarian

Ditemukan 2 dokumen yang sesuai dengan query
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Dian Kurnia
"Salah satu bentuk pengelolaan limpasan permukaan secara off stream adalah pendekatan Low Impact Development (LID). Di daerah hulu LID umumnya diterapkan secara off stream. Penerapan LID ini dapat menimbulkan ketidakadilan. Masyarakat hulu seakan dipojokkan untuk mengeluarkan biaya (cost), agar masyarakat hilir yang mendapatkan manfaat (benefit) dalam bentuk tidak kebanjiran. Untuk menghindari hal ini, wajar bila masyarakat hulu mendapat kompensasi sedemikian rupa, dimana sumber dana kompensasi berasal dari daerah hilir, sehingga terjadi subsidi silang. Karakteristik dari pemilihan kompensasi tergantung dari skala penerapan LID. Skala ini dapat dibagi dalam tiga tingkatan yaitu rumah tangga, komunal dan wilayah. Penentuan bentuk kompensasi selain sumur resapan untuk rumah tangga belum ada penelitiannya. Tingkat kesediaan masyarakat dan bentuk kompensasi ditinjau berdasarkan kesediaan masyarakat berpartisipasi baik individu maupun komunal, dan bentuk kompensasi yang diinginkan masyarakat. Kesediaan masyarakat secara individu dibagi dalam tiga kategori berdasarkan luas lahan yang dimiliki. Penentuan lokasi didasarkan atas dua faktor, pertama : berdasarkan konsep regional groundwater, daerah resapan untuk kota Jakarta mulai dari Kota Depok sampai Puncak dan Cianjur. Faktor kedua : UU No. 15 Tahun 1999 (Depok menjadi daerah TK II) menetapkan Depok sebagai daerah penyangga Jakarta dengan fungsi sebagai daerah resapan dan konservasi. Dengan demikian penelitian ini dilakukan di Kota Depok, Kecamatan Sukmajaya (Kelurahan Sukmajaya, Abadijaya, Mekarjaya). Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan bahwa tingkat kesediaan masyarakat berpartisipasi secara individu dalam bentuk penyediaan lahan dan dana pada setiap kategori tidak sama, karena kesediaan berpatisipasi secara individu sangat tergantung kepada faktor lahan dan dana yang dimiliki. Sementara tingkat kesediaan partisipasi secara komunal cukup tinggi, karena responden menganggap pelaksanaan secara komunal efektif. Bentuk kompensasi yang diinginkan masyarakat secara individu adalah konsekuensi teknis, sementara secara komunal adalah reward. Disimpulkan bahwa masyarakat sudah menyadari bahwa pelaksanaan penanggulangan banjir tidak hanya menjadi tanggung jawab pemerintah tetapi juga masyarakat. Bentuk tanggung jawab responden dapat dilihat dari kesediaan responden berpartisipasi dalam penanggulangan banjir, walaupun manfaat utama tidak dinikmati. Diharapkan hasil penelitian ini bisa menjadi masukan bagi pembuat kebijakan (decision maker) dalam membuat kebijakan pelaksanaan penanggulangan banjir yang mengikutsertakan peran masyarakat.

This study aimed to determine whether The most recent concept in managing surface runoff is Low Impact Development (LID). On the upstream area of watershed LID is commonly manifestated as an off stream measure in which it?s intensely use residential land or resources. The upstream resident is forced to pay the cost, for the save of downstream resident benefit such as flood free neighborhood. To avoid this unjust situation, it seems pretty fair if the upstream resident received compensation subsidized by downstream resident. It is found that the member of study that adress this issue is still rarely limited. In this study the willingness to participate is analysed based on the individually and as a member of it is communal, classified based on the size their land. Selection of study area is based on 2 factors. The first : the regional groundwater concept, dictate that recharging zone of Jakarta, is starts from Depok City to Puncak and Cianjur Region. The second : UU No.15 1999 stipulate that Depok as recharging zone and conservation area. As such the survey is conducted on Depok City, Kecamatan Sukmajaya (Kelurahan Sukmajaya, Abadijaya, Mekarjaya) The result shows that willingness to participate individually by providing space in their yard and budget, in every category, is depend on the land size and their social welfare level. Communal participation rate is a high since the believed it is more effective. The compensations are expected by individuals in the form of technical necessities, while communal the group expects rewards. It is concluded that the society is already aware that flood prevention actions is not the government?s responsibility only but also theirs.The participant eagerness to take responsible is shown by their enthusiasm to participate even they do not get the benefit directly.This finding expected to be considered by the decision-makers in developing flooding prevention regulations."
Lengkap +
Depok: Fakultas Teknik Universitas Indonesia, 2008
T24625
UI - Tesis Open  Universitas Indonesia Library
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Evi Anggraheni
"Rainfall is the primary input into rainfall-runoff modeling. Previous work indicates that the accurate representation of rainfall in time and space is important due to its influence on the hydrological response. The objective of this study is to evaluate the relevance of theoretical indices of spatial rainfall variability and the theoretical criteria of the hydrological response proposed by Emmanuel et al. (2015) in a real case study. The distributed model CINECAR has been chosen to accommodate the spatial discretization of hydrological data. The production function of the model adopts the Soil Conservation Service-Curve Number method, while the transfer function is based on a kinematic wave model. The simulations used weather radar data and also their average over the watershed, with a data resolution of 1×1 km2. They were conducted on the basis of 13 watersheds in the Gard region and four events in 2008 for each watershed. The difference between the distributed and averaged hydrographs obtained from the CINECAR model were calculated using two criteria, namely the difference in peak discharge (LQ) and the difference in peak time (TQ). The values of LQ and TQ represent the influence of spatial rainfall variability on the hydrological response. The spatially distributed rainfall was analyzed based on the values of its maximum Horizontal and Vertical Gab (HG and VG) to watershed centroid acting as indices, as proposed by Emmanuel. The analysis of the influence of spatial rainfall variability on the watershed response was conducted by quantification of the averaged and distributed hydrographs using the proposed indices and criteria. The results show that value of LQ rises by more than 50% for some events, and that TQ shows different times to peak between the average and distributed hydrographs. The values of the HG and VG indices accurately describe the rainfall distribution in the watershed. Therefore, these criteria and indices are effective in quantifying the influence of spatial rainfall variability on the hydrological modeling in particular events which are affected by rainfall distribution."
Lengkap +
Depok: Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Indonesia, 2018
UI-IJTECH 9:3 (2018)
Artikel Jurnal  Universitas Indonesia Library