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Abstrak :
ABSTRAK Latar Belakang : Rumah Sakit (RS) termasuk ke dalam kriteria tempat kerja dengan berbagai ancaman bahaya yang dapat menimbulkan dampak kesehatan, tidak hanya terhadap para pelaku langsung yang bekerja di RS, tapi juga terhadap pasien maupun pengunjung RS. Di RS X Jakarta selama tahun 2013 di dapat data kecelakaan kerja tertusuk benda tajam terutama jarum suntik sebanyak 64 pekerja (58 %). Metode : Penelitian ini menggunakan desain quasi experiment pre ? post, bersifat prospektif. Dengan pengambilan data awal di bulan April-Mei 2014, dilanjutkan dengan pelatihan dan pengambilan data akhir setelah 2 bulan setelah pelatihan , kemudian dianalisis dengan Uji mcnemar untuk melihat perbedaan angka kecelakaan tertusuk jarum suntik sebelum dan sesudah pelatihan. Hasil : Data diambil dari 110 responden perawat dan bidan RS X Jakarta yang dijadikan responden dalam penelitian ini, dan secara statistik terjadi penurunan kecelakaan tertusuk jarum sebesar 38 petugas (34,5%) menjadi sebesar 8 petugas (7,3%) setelah pelatihan terhadap perawat dan bidan di RS X Jakarta. Dengan nilai p : 0,001 = p :< 0,05. Kesimpulan : Angka kejadian kecelakaan tertusuk jarum suntik di RS X masih cukup tinggi, dan pelatihan bisa dijadikan salah satu program untuk menurunkan angka kecelakaan tertusuk jarum suntik.

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ABSTRACT Background : Hospital has a variety of hazards that can cause health effects, but also these work in hospitals, as well as patients and visitors. Hospital X Jakarta has data for punctured sharp objects accident especially needlestick injury in amount of 64 workers (58%) in 2013. Method : The research is using design quasi experiment pre - post . The start of data collection in the month of April-May 2014, followed by training and data collection after 2 months after the end of training, and then analyzed with McNemar test to see the difference in the number of needlestick injury before and after training. Result : There were 110 respondents nurses and midwives in Hospital X Jakarta who as included in this research, there was a statisticaly significant reduction punctured needlestick injury from 38 officers (34.5%) to 8 officers (7.3%) after training of nurses and midwives in Hospital X Jakarta. The result a p-value p : 0.001 = p: <0.05. Conclusion : The incidence of needlestick injury in hospital X is still quite high, and training could be one of the programs to reduce the number of needlestick injury.

Abstrak :
Latar belakang: Tenaga kesehatan berpotensi untuk terkena Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV). Virus HepatitIs C, dan Virus Hepatitis B yang penularannya lewat darah. Tertusuk jarum suntik dapat membahayakan tenaga kesehatan di rumah sakit. Tujuan: Diketahuinya riwayat tertusuk jarum suntik yang berhubungan dengan terjadinya kejadian Hepatitis B atau C pada tenaga kesehatan di RS Dr.Kariadi Semarang Tahun 2008. Metode: Desain cross sectional dengan melakukan wawancara dan pengambilan darah pada 225 kelompok terpapar (kelompok riwayat tertusuk jarum suntik >2 kali) dan 225 kelompok riwayat tertusuk jarum suntik < 2 kali). Analisis data univariat, bivariat dan multivariat dengan interaksi dan confounding. Hasil dan diskusi: Riwayat tertusuk jarum suntik >2 kali berisiko 48,99 kali untuk mengalami Hepatitis B atau C dibandingkan dengan riwayat tertusuk jarum suntik < 2 kali dengan POR sebesar 48,99 95%CI (9,494-252,85) P value 0,000 dan terdapat satu variabel confounding yaitu frekuensi menyuntik yang dapat mendistorsi efek riwayat tertusuk jarum suntik dengan kejadian Hepatitis B atau C. Kesimpulan dan saran: Tenaga kesehatan yang riwayat tertusuk jarum suntik >2 kali dalam 6 bulan memperbesar risiko mengalami kejadian Hepatitis B atau C bila dibandingkan dengan tenaga kesehatan yang riwayat tertusuk jarum suntik < 2 kali dalam 6 bulan, setelah dikendalikan oleh Riwayat Medis, Paparan Pekerjaan Modis, Unit kerja, Lama Kerja, Jenis Kelamin, Frekuensi Menyuntik, dan Kewaspadaan Universal di RS Dr. Katiadi Tabun 2008. Di anjurkan supaya tenaga kesehatan di RS Dr. Kariadi tidak sampai tertusuk lebih dari satu kali agar tidak terkena Hepatitis B atau C dengan cara meningkatkan praktek pencegahan infeksi, melakukan general check up dimana pemeriksaan Hepatitis B atau C termasuk didalamnya dan dilakukan setahun sekali, bagi tenaga kesehatan yang tertusuk jarum suntik lebih dan sekali sebaiknya segera memeriksakan diri secepatnya untuk mengetahui lebih dini apakah mengalami Hepatitis B atau C, dan sebaiknya tenaga kesehatan dalam sebulan menyuntik tidak lebih dari 8 kali agar tidak mengalami hepetitis B atau C. ......Background: Healthcare workers (HCWs) are potentially at risk for human immunodefiCiency virus (HIV), Hepatitis B virus (HBV) and Hepatitis C virus (HeV) infection through occupational exposures to blood and bloody body fluids. Needle stick injuries put healthcare workers at risk of life-threatening infections such as Hepatitis C and Hepatitis B. Aims: A study was designed to determine the risk of needle stick injuries of Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) or Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections among health care workers in Dr. Kariadi Hospital 2008. Method: Designed cross sectional by interview and blood examination on 225 exposed group (had needle stick injuries more than once in. 6 month ago) and on 225 unexposed group (had needle stick injuries less than twice in 6 month ago). Analysis of data univariate, bivariate and multivariate with interaction and confounding. Results: Needle stick injuries more than once related to Hepatitis B or C with POR 48,99 95%CI (9,494-252,85) P value 0,000 and frequencies of suturing is a confounder. Conclusion: Needle stick injuries more than once related to Hepatitis B or C after controlled by medical history, duration of working, exposure on medical occupation, workplace, sex, universal precautions. and frequencies of suturing. Suggested to health care workers in Dr. Kariadi Hospital do not get needle stick injuries more than once in order to prevent Hepatitis B or C by increasing universal precautions, do general check up including Hepatitis B and C, health care workers who had needle stick injuries more than once are supposed to immediately check up for early diagnostic Hepatitis B or C, and suggested to saturing not more than eight times in a month.

Abstrak :
Insiden cedera tertusuk jarum suntik CJS pada mahasiswa keperawatan masih tinggi. Penelitian ini bertujuan menghasilkan Model Pembelajaran berbasis Keselamatan MPbK untuk membentuk perilaku mencegah CJS mahasiswa keperawatan di wahana praktik. Desain penelitian ini adalah quasi experimental pre and post-test with control group. Penelitian terdiri dari dua tahapan yaitu penyusunan dan pengujian MPbK. Penyusunan MPbK dilakukan berdasarkan hasil systematic review dan focus group discussion pada 10 pembimbing klinik. Pengujian MPbK dilakukan pada 165 mahasiswa praktik profesi keperawatan dengan membandingkan perubahan pengetahuan, sikap, dan intensi perilaku. Responden dikelompokkan dalam 4 kelompok yaitu 26 mahasiswa mendapatkan MPbK 1 intervensi individu reedukasi pengingat harian, intervensi kelompok, dan organisasi ; 72 mahasiswa mendapat MPbK 2 intervensi individu reedukasi dan organisasi , 31 mahasiswa mendapat MPbK 3 intervensi kelompok dan organisasi , dan 36 mahasiswa tanpa intervensi. Intervensi individu meliputi reedukasi dan pengingat harian pencegahan CJS melalui pesan singkat teks dan video. Intervensi kelompok meliputi pengingat dan contoh peran dari pembimbing klinik yang telah dilatih pencegahan CJS. Intervensi organisasi meliputi kontrak program keselamatan dan penyediaan fasilitas penunjang pencegahan CJS. Penelitian tahap 1 menghasilkan MPbK yang diuji pada penelitian tahap 2. Hasil uji GLM-RM pada penelitian tahap 2 didapatkan bahwa pengetahuan dan sikap mencegah CJS dapat ditingkatkan secara signifikan menggunakan MPbK 1, 2, dan 3 p

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Needle Stick Injury NSI incident in nursing student is constantly high. This research aimed to develop Safety based Learning Models MPbK in Indonesia to shape preventive behaviors of NSI among nursing students during clinical practices. Quasi experimental pre and post test design with control group was employed in this study. The study comprised two stages MPbK development and testing stages. The during the first stage, systematic reviews and a focus group discussion with 10 clinical instructors were conducted to generate MPbK. While, the testing stage was performed to measure the changes in students rsquo knowledge, attitudes, and intention before and after the implementation of MPbK. A sample of 165 nursing professional program students was selected for the second stage, dividing into 4 main groups 26 students participated in MPbK1 individual, group, and organizational interventions , 72 students participated in MPbK2 individual and organizational interventions , 31 students participated in MPbK3 group and organizational interventions , and 36 students received no interventions. Individual interventions comprised re education and daily reminders through short message and video. Group interventions included role model clinical instructors whereas organizational interventions were safety programs contract between the university and hospitals, along with the provision of appropriate infrastructure and facilities to promote safety. Results of GLM RM analysis demonstrated the use of MPbK1, 2, and 3 significantly increased the knowledge and atitudes of students p 0,001 , the intention of student behavior to prevent NSI can be increased, but not yet significan p 0,110 0,993 . NSI incidents can be reduced using MPbK1 zero incident . The study suggested nursing educational institutions, hospitals and nursing professional organizations to use MPbK as a reference to develop policies of NSI prevention.