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Abstrak :
[ABSTRAK
Latar Belakang. Manajemen jalan nafas merupakan salah satu tahap yang paling penting dalam bidang anestesiologi. Salah satu jenis Alat bantu jalan nafas yang telah dipergunakan secara luas adalah Laringeal Mask Airway (LMA/Sungkup Laring). Pada pemasangan sungkup laring tanpa menggunakan pelumpuh otot membutuhkan kedalaman anestesi yang cukup, Tes klinis yang mudah, akurat dan aplikatif diperlukan untuk menghindari terjadinya komplikasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membandingkan trapezius squeezing test dan jaw thrust sebagai indikator kedalaman anestesi pada pemasangan sungkup laring dengan propofol sebagai agen induksi Metode. Sebanyak 128 pasien di randomisasi ke dalam 2 kelompok yaitu jaw thrust dan trapezius squeezing test. Seluruh pasien mendapatkan premedikasi dengan midazolam 0.05 mg/kgBB dan Fentanyl 1 mcg/kgBB. Induksi menggunakan propofol titrasi. Manuver jaw thrust dan trapezius squeezing test dilakukan setiap 15 detik. Saat respon motorik hilang dilakukan pemasangan sungkup laring. Dicatat keberhasilan pemasangan, dosis propofol, tekanan darah, laju jantung, dan insiden apneu. Hasil. Keberhasilan pada kelompok jaw thrust 93.8%, sedangkan trapezius squeezing test yang 90.6%. Penggunaan rerata propofol pada kelompok jaw thrust yaitu sebesar 120.34 mg, sedangkan pada kelompok trapezius squeezing test yaitu sebesar 111,86 mg. Insiden apneu yang pada kelompok jaw thrust terjadi pada 10 (15.6%) pasien, sedangkan pada kelompok trapezius squeezing test sebesar 11 (17.2%) pasien. Tidak terdapat perubahan hemodinamik yang berarti pada kelompok jaw thrust sedangkan sedangkan pada kelompok trapezius squeezing test terdapat perubahan hemodinamik yang berarti di menit ke 3 dan ke 4 Kesimpulan. Trapezius squeezing test tidak lebih baik daripada jaw thrust sebagai indikator klinis dalam menilai kedalaman anestesia pada insersi sungkup laring.

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ABSTRACT
Background. Airway management is one of the most important phase in anesthesiology. One of airway device that have been used generally is Laryngeal Mask Airway (LMA). Laryngeal mask insertion without muscle relaxant requires a level of depth anesthesia. An easy, accurate, an applicable clinical indicator were required to avoid complication. This study was determine the comparison trapezius squeezing test and jaw thrust as indicator of depth of anesthesia in laryngeal mask insertion with propofol as induction agent. Methods. 128 patient have been randomize in to 2 group that are jaw thrust and trapezius squeezing test. All patients were received premedication with midazolam 0.05 mg/kg and fentanyl 1 μg/kg. Induction were done by propofol titration. Jaw thrust and trapezius squeezing test maneuver were done in every 15 second. When motoric respond negative the laryngeal mask were inserted. The successful of laryngeal mask insertion was recorded, propofol consumption, blood pressure, heart rate, and incidence of apnea were also documented. Result. Laryngeal mask successfully inserted in 93.8% patients in jaw thrust group, and 90.6% in trapezius squeezing test group. Mean of propofol consumption in jaw thrust group is 120.34 mgs, and in trapezius squeezing test is 11.86 mgs. Incident of apnea in jaw thrust group happened in 10 patients (15.6%), and in trapezius squeezing test group happened in 11 patient (17.2%). Hemodynamic in jaw thrust group relatively stable but in trapezius squeezing test there is significant hemodynamic changing in minute third and fourth. Conclusion. Trapezius squeezing test is not better than jaw thrust as clinical indicators of depth of anesthesia for laryngeal mask insertion.;Background. Airway management is one of the most important phase in anesthesiology. One of airway device that have been used generally is Laryngeal Mask Airway (LMA). Laryngeal mask insertion without muscle relaxant requires a level of depth anesthesia. An easy, accurate, an applicable clinical indicator were required to avoid complication. This study was determine the comparison trapezius squeezing test and jaw thrust as indicator of depth of anesthesia in laryngeal mask insertion with propofol as induction agent. Methods. 128 patient have been randomize in to 2 group that are jaw thrust and trapezius squeezing test. All patients were received premedication with midazolam 0.05 mg/kg and fentanyl 1 μg/kg. Induction were done by propofol titration. Jaw thrust and trapezius squeezing test maneuver were done in every 15 second. When motoric respond negative the laryngeal mask were inserted. The successful of laryngeal mask insertion was recorded, propofol consumption, blood pressure, heart rate, and incidence of apnea were also documented. Result. Laryngeal mask successfully inserted in 93.8% patients in jaw thrust group, and 90.6% in trapezius squeezing test group. Mean of propofol consumption in jaw thrust group is 120.34 mgs, and in trapezius squeezing test is 11.86 mgs. Incident of apnea in jaw thrust group happened in 10 patients (15.6%), and in trapezius squeezing test group happened in 11 patient (17.2%). Hemodynamic in jaw thrust group relatively stable but in trapezius squeezing test there is significant hemodynamic changing in minute third and fourth. Conclusion. Trapezius squeezing test is not better than jaw thrust as clinical indicators of depth of anesthesia for laryngeal mask insertion., Background. Airway management is one of the most important phase in anesthesiology. One of airway device that have been used generally is Laryngeal Mask Airway (LMA). Laryngeal mask insertion without muscle relaxant requires a level of depth anesthesia. An easy, accurate, an applicable clinical indicator were required to avoid complication. This study was determine the comparison trapezius squeezing test and jaw thrust as indicator of depth of anesthesia in laryngeal mask insertion with propofol as induction agent. Methods. 128 patient have been randomize in to 2 group that are jaw thrust and trapezius squeezing test. All patients were received premedication with midazolam 0.05 mg/kg and fentanyl 1 μg/kg. Induction were done by propofol titration. Jaw thrust and trapezius squeezing test maneuver were done in every 15 second. When motoric respond negative the laryngeal mask were inserted. The successful of laryngeal mask insertion was recorded, propofol consumption, blood pressure, heart rate, and incidence of apnea were also documented. Result. Laryngeal mask successfully inserted in 93.8% patients in jaw thrust group, and 90.6% in trapezius squeezing test group. Mean of propofol consumption in jaw thrust group is 120.34 mgs, and in trapezius squeezing test is 11.86 mgs. Incident of apnea in jaw thrust group happened in 10 patients (15.6%), and in trapezius squeezing test group happened in 11 patient (17.2%). Hemodynamic in jaw thrust group relatively stable but in trapezius squeezing test there is significant hemodynamic changing in minute third and fourth. Conclusion. Trapezius squeezing test is not better than jaw thrust as clinical indicators of depth of anesthesia for laryngeal mask insertion.]

Abstrak :
The flat plate ship is a ship that is being developed and has entered the mass production stage of the Ministry of Research and Technology Republic of Indonesia. This is related to the function of flat plate vessels that are suitable with the conditions and needs of the Indonesian state, namely the massive production of marine fleets. Flat plate ships provide advantages including production cost efficiency which is far more economical than ships in general because it does not go through the bending process, so does the production time which can be shortened. But the flat plate ship still needs improvement, one of them is the ship propulsion. This study will combine a flat plate ship tunnel with a ducted propeller as an effort to increase thrust and hydrodynamic efficiency, with the ultimate goal of reducing fuel demand from flat plate vessels. The title of the research that was raised was the Analysis of the Combination of the Use of Tunnel and Ducted Propeller Against Increased Thrust on Flat Plate Ships: Trawler Fishing. The research method used is bollard pull / trawl pull using reference bollard pull guidelines - ITTC. Using a 70cm model ship with three configurations to be a comparison of the resulting value. The configuration used is conventional fishing trawler type flat plate without tunnel, and flat plate ship with Tunnel with all configurations using open and ducted propeller. This study succeeded in producing the desired destination with a combination of Tunnel and Ducted able to increase hydrodynamic efficiency and thrust values compared to other configurations. So that this research is expected to be one of the references to propulsion solutions and designs on flat plate vessels.

Abstrak :
Quadcopter berukuran kecil dan inersia drone yang rendah memungkinkan penggunaan sistem kontrol penerbangan sederhana, dengan kepraktisan Quadcopter diharapkan dapat dipergunakan untuk penanganan bencana sehingga dapat meningkatkan ketahanan wilayah. Quadcopter yang dikeluarkan oleh perusahaan tidak dapat diubah-ubah. penelitian ini dengan merakit quadcopter sendiri dan melakukan perubahan pada pitch propeller untuk mengetahui pengaruh thrust dan thrust motor pada quadcopter tipe x. Dari hasil penelitian dan perhitungan yang dilakukan, thrust yang dihasilkan dengan sudut puntir (pitch) 50o lebih besar dibandingkan dengan sudut puntir (pitch) 43o pada setiap pergerakannya sehingga semakin besar sudut puntir (pitch), maka semakin besar pula thrust yang dihasilkan oleh propeller tersebut. Voltage yang masuk pada setiap motor akan berbeda tergantung pada pergerakannya. Jadi, semakin besar voltage yang masuk pada motor brushless maka semakin tinggi putaran motornya sehingga thrust yang dihasilkan juga semakin besar.

Abstrak :
Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui prevalensi dan distribusi ATTS pada malokIusi regio anterior. Hasilnya dapat digunakan sebagai informasi dasar dari penelitian lanjutan mengenai hubungan ?ATTS? dengan Maloklusi secara rinci yang diperlukan untuk penanganan yang efektif. Penelitian dilakukan pada 522 anak 90K III Jakarta berusia 7-13 tahun, yang belum pernah dilakukan perawatan orto. Diagnosa ada/tidaknya ?TTS? dilakukan dengan alat LINGOMETER FINK. Malrelasi/malposisi gigi-gigi-gigi anterior pada subjek dengan TTS (Lingometer respons positif) dilihat secara visual. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan prevalensi TTS yang tinggi (73,2) dengan frekwensi tertinggi pada usia 12?13 tahun (85,5Y.) Pola malokiusi yang dijumpai pada subjek dengan TTS adalah protrusi gigi tetap anterior atas(38,7%) ,rotasi aigi anterior atas(2S,9,flaring(9,4 Y.), protrusi anterior bawah (6,0%), kombinasi protrusi dan rotasi (2,97.), protritsi gigi anterior atas dan bawah(2%), openbite dan rotasi(1,3), open bite (1,3%) dan kombinasi openbite dan protrusi(0,7%).

Abstrak :
ABSTRAK Waterjet propulsion pada kapal unmanned surface vehicle adalah sistem propulsi dengan prinsip kerja yang menggunakan sistem semburan air sebagai media pendorong. Gaya dorong yang dihasilkan bergantung oleh pasukan air yang tersedia. Semburan air pada nozzle dihasilkan dari saluran masuk pada bagian dasar kapal yang dibantu dengan pompa pada waterjet. Pada bagian saluran masuk ini akan berpengaruh terhadap distribusi aliran yang akan melewat pompa dan akhirnya keluar melalui nozzle. Tujuan dari penulisan skripsi ini adalah untuk menganalisis inlet-passage pada waterjet yang divariabelkan dengan inlet velocity ratio agar mendapatkan nilai efisiensi yang maksimal dari waterjet propulsion system. Pengerjaan skripsi ini menggunakan metode computational fluid dynamics (CFD) dan perhitungan secara analitik. Inlet velocity ratio divariasikan dari 0,54 , 0,59 , 0,67 , 0,78 , 0,94 , 1,18 , 1,64 , dan 2,38 yang nantinya akan dibandingkan hasilnya. Dari hasil analisa akan didapatkan volume yang keluar dari waterjet dan hasilnya akan didapatkan nilai thrust. Nilai thrust tertinggi yang didapatkan berdasarkan variasi nilai IVR sebesar 2,38 , dan nilai efisiensi yang maksimal sebesar 98%.

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ABSTRACT Waterjet propulsion on the unmanned surface vehicle ships is a propulsion system with a working principle that uses a water spray system as a propelled. The thrust generated depends on the available water. The spray of water in the nozzle are generated from the inlet at the bottom of the ship which is assisted by a pump on the waterjet. In this part of the inlet will affect the distribution of the flow that will pass the pump and finally exit through the nozzle. The purpose of this thesis is to analyze the inlet-passage on the waterjet which is varied with the inlet velocity ratio to get the maximum efficiency value from the waterjet propulsion system. This thesis works using the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method and analytical calculations. Inlet velocity ratio is varied from 0.54, 0.59, 0.67, 0.78, 0.94, 1.18, 1.64, and 2.38 which will be compared to the results. From the results of the analysis we will get the volume coming out of the waterjet and the results will get the thrust value. The highest thrust value obtained is based on variations in the IVR value of 2,38, and the maximum efficiency value of 98%.

Abstrak :
Salah satu solusi dalam usaha peningkatan pelayaran rakyat adalah dengan menggunakan kapal pelat datar, yang memiliki biaya produksi yang rendah, dan juga proses manufaktur yang mudah. Kapal fishing trawler sendiri merupakan tipe kapal yang membutuhkan nilai thrust yang besar dalam pengoperasiannya. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan upaya untuk meningkatkan nilai thrust dalam proses perancangan kapal pelat datar tipe Fishing Trawler. Tunnel dalam penggunaannya mampu meningkatkan kecepatan aliran (Va) yang mengalir masuk ke propeller, sedangkan ducted propeller mampu memperbesar efisiensi propulsi. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan kapal model yang sudah dibuat dengan variasi yang telah ditentukan dan kemudian diuji menggunakan metode bollard pull yang telah dimodifikasi. Modifikasi berfungsi untuk mengetahui nilai pada load yang bekerja di setiap konfigurasi. Nilai tersebut nantinya akan dijadikan acuan untuk perhitungan nilai thrust dari setiap konfigurasi. Hasil penelitian yang sudah dilakukan menunjukkan bahwa perbedaan rasio luas bukaan dan keluaran tunnel mempengaruhi nilai thrust yang terbentuk, hal ini dipengaruhi oleh bentuk aliran yang dihasilkan oleh setiap konfigurasi. Diyakini adanya perbedaan bentuk aliran karena adanya pebedaan nilai Reynolds Number. Perbedaan ini disinyalir karena adanya perbedaan nilai kecepatan aliran (Va) yang terbentuk. Namun masih diperlukan analisis lebih lanjut untuk mengetahui secara pasti nilai kecepatan aliran (Va) yang terbentuk dengan metode Computational Fluid Dynamic (CFD) sebagai pembuktiannya. ......One of many solution in an effort to increase peoples shipping is to use flat plate vessels, which have low production costs, and also an easy manufacturing process. The fishing trawler ship is a type of ship that requires a large thrust value in its operation. Therefore, efforts are needed to increase the thrust value in the process of designing Trawler Fishing flat plate types. The tunnel in its use is able to increase the flow speed (Va) flowing into the propeller, while the ducted propeller is able to increase the efficiency of propulsion. This research was conducted using model ships that have been made with variations that have been determined and then tested using a modified bollard pull method. Modifications function to find out the value on load that works in each configuration. This value will be used as a reference for calculating the thrust value of each configuration. The results of the research that have been done show that the difference in the ratio of the area of the openings and output of the tunnel affects the formed thrust value, this is influenced by the shape of the flow produced by each configuration. It is believed that there are different forms of flow because of the different values of Reynold`s Number. This difference is allegedly due to a difference in the value of flow velocity (Va) formed. Further analysis is still needed to determine exactly the value of flow velocity (Va) formed by the Computational Fluid Dynamic (CFD) method as proof.

Abstrak :
Interpretasi patahan merupakan tahapan penting dalam memodelkan kondisi geologi suatu daerah. Wilayah lepas pantai Kepulauan Tanimbar terletak pada zona fold thrust belt (FTB) yang terbentuk akibat tumbukan antara Lempeng Sunda dan Australia. Karena kondisi geologi yang kompleks ini, interpretasi patahan secara manual akan bersifat subjektif dan membutuhkan waktu yang lama. Saat ini, interpretasi patahan dapat dibantu dengan penggunaan atribut seismik. Penelitian ini membandingkan atribut variance dan fault likelihood dalam menggambarkan patahan penyusun zona FTB di Kepulauan Tanimbar. Penggunaan structural oriented filters juga diterapkan untuk memaksimalkan hasil atribut. Fault Enhancement Filter merupakan filter terbaik yang mampu menghaluskan reflektor dan meningkatkan diskontinuitas pada data seismik. FEF ini akan dijadikan input untuk atribut variance dan fault likelihood. Atribut variance tidak menunjukkan hasil yang kontras antara zona patahan dan bukan patahan. Namun, fault likelihood mampu membedakan zona patahan dan bukan patahan dengan kontras yang signifkan. Oleh sebab itu, fault likelihood adalah atribut yang terbaik dalam menggambarkan patahan penyusun zona FTB di Kepulauan Tanimbar ......Fault interpretation is an important step in modeling the geological conditions of an area. The offshore area of the Tanimbar Islands is located in the fold thrust belt (FTB) zone which was formed due to the collision between the Sunda and Australia plate. Due to this complex geological condition, manual fault interpretation will be subjective and takes a long time. Currently, fault interpretation can be assisted by using seismic attributes. This study compares the variance and fault likelihood attributes in describing the faults that construct the FTB zone in the Tanimbar Islands. The use of structural oriented filters is also applied to maximize attribute results. Fault Enhancement Filter is the best filter for smoothing reflectors and increasing discontinuities in seismic data. This FEF will be used as input for the variance and fault likelihood attributes. The variance result does not show a contrast between fault and non-fault zones. However, the fault likelihood was able to distinguish fault and non-fault zones with significant contrast. Therefore, fault likelihood is the best attribute in describing the faults that construct the FTB zone in the Tanimbar Islands

Abstrak :
This book focuses on the performance and application of fluidic nozzle throats for solid rocket motors, discussing their flow details and characterization performance, as well as the influence of the particle phase on their performance. It comprehensively covers a range of fluidic nozzle throats in solid rocket motors and is richly illustrated with impressive figures and full-color photographs. It is a valuable resource for students and researchers in the fields of aeronautics, astronautics and related industries wishing to understand the fundamentals and theories of fluidic nozzle throats and engage in fluidic nozzle throat analysis and design.