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Abstrak :
[ABSTRAK
Pendahuluan: Antinuclear antibodies (ANA) adalah autoantibodi terhadap berbagai antigen intranuklear seperti deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), small nuclear ribonucleoproteins (snRNPs) dan lain-lain. Hasil pemeriksaan ANA dilaporkan dalam titer dan polanya. Pada saat ini sesuai anjuran manufacturer, interpretasi titer ANA menggunakan kit Mosaic HEp-20-10/Liver (Monkey) dari Euroimmun hanya berdasarkan pengenceran 1/100 dan 1/1000 dengan intensitas fluoresensi strong, moderate atau weak, dan dilaporkan hasil titer 1/100, 1/320, 1/1000 atau >1/1000. Pada penelitian ini dilakukan pemeriksaan ANA dengan pengenceran 1/100, 1/320 dan 1/1000. Interpretasi pembacaan dinilai dengan (3 pengenceran) dan tanpa pengenceran 1/320 (2 pengenceran), kemudian dibandingkan kesesuaian antara keduanya. Terdapat lebih dari 35 pola ANA-IFA yang telah diidentifikasi, dengan sekitar 100 jenis kemungkinan autoantibodi. Pola tersebut dapat dijadikan langkah awal identifikasi jenis autoantibodi. Tersedia tes dengan kombinasi berbagai antigen yang dikenal sebagai profil ANA. Penelitian ini juga dilakukan untuk mengetahui kesesuaian pola ANA-IFA dengan profil ANA. Metodologi Penelitian: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian dengan desain potong lintang, dilakukan di laboratorium imunologi RSCM selama Juni-Juli 2015. Subjek penelitian adalah serum yang dikirim ke laboratorium RSCM untuk pemeriksaan ANA dengan besar sampel 75 sampel. Data dilaporkan dalam bentuk deskriptif analitik. Data dari interpretasi 2 pengenceran (1/100 dan 1/1000) dengan 3 pengenceran (1/100, 1/320 dan 1/1000) dinilai kesesuaiannya dengan menggunakan uji statistik Kappa. Hasil Penelitian: Pola ANA-IFA tersering yang ditemukan adalah spekel kasar (35,2%), spekel halus (32,4%), nukleoli (13%), homogen (6,5%), sitoplasma granuler (6,5%), sentriol (3,7%), sentromer (0,9%), nuclear dots (0,9%) dan negatif (0,9%). Interpretasi yang sama antara 2 pengenceran dengan 3 pengenceran sebesar 80,6%. Pada perhitungan uji statistik kappa, didapatkan nilai kappa sebesar 0,67. Kesesuaian pola ANA-IFA dengan profil ANA adalah sebesar 20,8%. Kesimpulan: Nilai kappa sebesar 0,67 menunjukkan kesesuaian pada tingkat good. Walaupun demikian, kesalahan interpretasi titer ANA-IFA dengan menggunakan 2 pengenceran terjadi pada 19,4% kasus. Kesesuaian pola ANA-IFA dengan profil ANA sebesar 20,8%.

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ABSTRACT
Background: Antinuclear antibodies (ANA) are autoantibodies which react with various intranuclear antigens such as deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), small nuclear ribonucleoproteins (snRNPs) and others. Laboratory results of ANA were shown as titer and pattern. Nowadays, manufacturer recommend ANA interpretation using Mosaic HEp-20-10/Liver kit (Monkey) from Euroimmun with 1/100 and 1/1000 dilutions and strong, moderate or weak fluorescence intensity. The titer should reported as 1/100, 1/320, 1/1000 or >1/1000. In this research, the dilution used were 1/100, 1/320 and 1/1000. The data were interpreted from 3 dilutions and 2 dilutions (without 1/320 dilution), the conformity from two interpretations were compared. There are more than 35 ANA-IFA patterns identified, with about 100 autoantibodies possibility. Those patterns act as baseline identification of autoantibodies. The test using few antigen combinations known as ANA profile. The purpose of this study also to compare the conformity of ANA-IFA pattern and ANA profile. Methods: This study is a cross-sectional research in immunology laboratory RSCM during June-July 2015. The subjects were serum sample for ANA test. The sample was 75. Data were shown as analytical descriptive data. The conformity of interpretation data from 3 dilutions and 2 dilutions were assessed using Kappa statistical analysis. Results: The ANA-IFA pattern shown were coarse speckled (35,2%), fine speckled (32,4%), nucleolar (13%), homogenous (6,5%), granular cytoplasm (6,5%), centriole (3,7%), centromere (0,9%), nuclear dots (0,9%) and negative (0,9%). The similar interpretation between 2 dilutions and 3 dilutions were 80,6%. Kappa statistical analysis showed Kappa score 0,67. The conformity between ANA-IFA pattern and ANA profile were 20,8%. Conclusion: Kappa score 0,67 showed the conformity in good level. Nevertheless, there are mistakes of ANA-IFA interpretation using 2 dilutions in 19,4% cases. The conformity of ANA-IFA pattern with ANA profile were 20,8%., Background: Antinuclear antibodies (ANA) are autoantibodies which react with various intranuclear antigens such as deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), small nuclear ribonucleoproteins (snRNPs) and others. Laboratory results of ANA were shown as titer and pattern. Nowadays, manufacturer recommend ANA interpretation using Mosaic HEp-20-10/Liver kit (Monkey) from Euroimmun with 1/100 and 1/1000 dilutions and strong, moderate or weak fluorescence intensity. The titer should reported as 1/100, 1/320, 1/1000 or >1/1000. In this research, the dilution used were 1/100, 1/320 and 1/1000. The data were interpreted from 3 dilutions and 2 dilutions (without 1/320 dilution), the conformity from two interpretations were compared. There are more than 35 ANA-IFA patterns identified, with about 100 autoantibodies possibility. Those patterns act as baseline identification of autoantibodies. The test using few antigen combinations known as ANA profile. The purpose of this study also to compare the conformity of ANA-IFA pattern and ANA profile. Methods: This study is a cross-sectional research in immunology laboratory RSCM during June-July 2015. The subjects were serum sample for ANA test. The sample was 75. Data were shown as analytical descriptive data. The conformity of interpretation data from 3 dilutions and 2 dilutions were assessed using Kappa statistical analysis. Results: The ANA-IFA pattern shown were coarse speckled (35,2%), fine speckled (32,4%), nucleolar (13%), homogenous (6,5%), granular cytoplasm (6,5%), centriole (3,7%), centromere (0,9%), nuclear dots (0,9%) and negative (0,9%). The similar interpretation between 2 dilutions and 3 dilutions were 80,6%. Kappa statistical analysis showed Kappa score 0,67. The conformity between ANA-IFA pattern and ANA profile were 20,8%. Conclusion: Kappa score 0,67 showed the conformity in good level. Nevertheless, there are mistakes of ANA-IFA interpretation using 2 dilutions in 19,4% cases. The conformity of ANA-IFA pattern with ANA profile were 20,8%.]

Abstrak :
Pandemi COVID-19 telah menimbulkan tantangan global dalam menghadapi penyebaran virus SARS-CoV-2. Vaksinasi menjadi strategi efektif dalam mengurangi penyebaran virus dan dampak COVID-19 pada kesehatan masyarakat. Platform vaksin yang banyak diberikan di Indonesia antara lain platform virus utuh dan vektor virus. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis imunitas humoral pasca vaksinasi COVID-19 platform virus utuh dan vektor virus pada orang dewasa. Desain penelitian ini adalah longitudinal dengan pengambilan sampel secara berkala sebanyak 6 kali sebelum dan setelah vaksinasi. Penelitian dilakukan pada tahun 2021 sampai 2023 di Kota Bogor dan Kabupaten Sleman. Jumlah subjek yang terlibat sebanyak 150 orang pada setiap kelompok. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui wawancara dan pengambilan sampel serum. Serum diperiksa untuk binding antibody menggunakan CMIA, antibodi netralisasi menggunakan SvNT, subkelas IgG menggunakan ELISA, dan mediator imunitas seluler menggunakan multipleks ELISA. Dari hasil pemeriksaan laboratorium pada sampel TP1 didapatkan sebanyak 42% subjek vaksin virus utuh dan 81% subjek vaksin vektor virus positif antibodi SARS-CoV-2. Di antara subjek yang positif mempunyai riwayat gejala sesak napas (100%), demam (89%) dan pilek (82%). Subjek vaksin vektor virus mempunyai tren respons antibodi lebih tinggi dibanding virus utuh. Proporsi subjek positif pada pengukuran antibodi netralisasi selalu lebih tinggi dibanding binding antibody. Berdasarkan imunosenescence, secara umum tidak berbeda bermakna di antara kelompok usia tersebut. Faktor yang secara signifikan memengaruhi respons imun dalam adalah platform vaksin. Respons antibodi tidak berbeda bermakna pada subjek yang mendapatkan vaksin 2 dan 3 dosis, baik pada hasil pengukuran TP1 positif maupun negatif. Pemberian dosis 3 heterolog menimbulkan respons antibodi yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan homolog. Analisis statistik pada kedua kelompok penerima vaksin menunjukkan tidak berbeda bermakna pada semua subkelas IgG. Kadar IFN gamma, IL-2, IL-6, IL-10 dan TNF alpha pada virus utuh lebih rendah dibandingkan vektor virus Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kedua platform vaksin mampu menginduksi respons antibodi yang signifikan. Namun, terdapat perbedaan dalam pola dan durasi respons imun antara kedua jenis vaksin. ......The COVID-19 pandemic has become a global challenge with the spread of SARS-CoV-2. Vaccination is an effective strategy to reduce the spread of the virus and the impact of COVID-19 on public health. The research aims to analyse humoral immunity following vaccination with COVID-19 viral platforms and viral vectors in adults. The study design is longitudinal, with samples taken periodically up to 6 times before and after vaccination. The study will be conducted between 2021 and 2023 in Bogor City and Sleman District. The number of subjects involved is 150 people in each group. Data will be collected through interviews and serum sampling. Serum was tested for antibody binding using CMIA, antibody neutralisation using SvNT, subclass IgG using ELISA, and cellular immunity mediators using ELISA multiplex. Laboratory testing of the TP1 sample showed that 42% of the whole inactivated vaccine subjects and 81% of the viral vector subjects were positive for SARS-CoV-2 antibodies. Those who were positive had a history of shortness of breath (100%), fever (89%) and colds (82%). The proportion of positive subjects in the neutralised antibody measurement is always higher than the antibody binding. Based on immunosenescence, there is generally no difference in significance between these age groups. The factor that significantly affects the immune response within the vaccine is the vaccine platform. The antibody response was not significantly different in subjects who received 2 and 3 doses of the vaccine, both in positive and negative TP1 measurements. The administration of 3 heterologous doses results in a higher antibody response compared to homologous doses. Statistical analysis in both groups showed no significant difference in all IgG subclasses. IFN gamma, IL-2, IL-6, IL-10 and TNF-alpha levels were lower in the whole inactivated vaccine than in in the viral vector. However, there are differences in the pattern and duration of immune responses between the two vaccines.

Abstrak :
[Latar belakang. Infeksi virus hepatitis B (VHB) di Indonesia masih tinggi dengan rerata prevalensi 9,4%. Tingginya prevalensi HB ini terkait dengan terjadinya infeksi VHB pada masa dini kehidupan, terutama melalui transmisi vertikal. Di Indonesia proporsi transmisi vertikal 45,9% dan 5,2% ibu hamil HBsAgnya positif. Cara paling efektif mengontrol infeksi VHB adalah dengan imunisasi, namun terdapat perbedaan seroproteksi titer anti-HBs pada usia lebih dari 10 tahun di berbagai tempat. Selain itu terdapat faktor-faktor yang dapat memengaruhi titer anti-HBs, namun penelitian ini masih jarang dan belum pernah dilakukan di Manado. Tujuan. Mengetahui seroproteksi titer anti-HBs dan faktor-faktor yang dapat memengaruhi titer anti- HBs tersebut. Metode. Penelitian analitik observational dengan desain potong lintang. Penelitian dilakukan dengan stratified random sampling pada usia 10-15 tahun di Kecamatan Tuminting, Kota Manado sejak Oktober sampai November 2014. Data dianalisis dengan SPSS 22. Hasil. Dari 48 sekolah terpilih 10 sekolah dengan 105 anak sebagai subyek penelitian, namun hanya 23 anak yang mempunyai seroprotektif (21,9%). Sebanyak 76 (72,4%) subyek adalah perempuan, 78 (74,3%) subyek berstatus gizi baik dan 98 (93,3%) subyek memiliki berat badan lahir ≥ 2.500 gram. Dari buku imunisasi didapatkan 26 (24,8%) subyek dengan vaksinasi HB-1 ≤ 7 hari dan 45 (42,9%) subyek dengan jarak HB-2 dan HB-3 ≥ 2 bulan. Didapatkan 86 (81,9%) ibu subyek berusia 20-35 tahun, 64 (60,9%) ibu subyek berpendidikan SMA dan 79 (75,2%) orangtua subyek berpenghasilan ≥ 2 juta per bulan. Analisis multivariat didapatkan faktor pemberian HB-1 < 7 hari atau ≥ 7 hari (p=0,02) dan jarak pemberian HB-2 dengan HB-3< 2 bulan atau ≥ 2 bulan (p<0,001) berperan terhadap seroproteksi HB pada anak. Simpulan. Penelitian ini mendapatkan angka seroproteksi HB yang rendah (21,9%) serta faktor pemberian HB-1 ≤ 7 hari atau > 7 hari dan jarak pemberian HB-2 dengan HB-3 < 2 bulan atau ≥ 2 bulan berperan terhadap seroproteksi HB pada anak usia 10-15 tahun.;Background. Hepatitis B viral (HBV) infection in Indonesia is still high with average prevalence of 9.4%. The high prevalence of hepatitis B (HB) is related to the occurence of HBV infection during the early life, especially through vertical transmission. In Indonesia proportion of vertical transmission 45.9% and 5.2% pregnant women have HBsAg positive. The most effective way to control HBV infection is with immunization HB, but there is differential in anti-HBs seroprotection titer at the age more than ten years in many locations. In addition there are factors that can affect anti-HBs titer, but these studies are rare and have ever been done in Manado. Objective. Knowing anti-HBs seroprotection titer and factors that can affect the anti-HBs titer. Method. Analitic observational study with cross sectional design. Research was done with stratified random sampling in children age 10-15 years old at Tuminting district, Manado city since October until November 2014. Analise data with SPSS 22. Results. From 48 schools, selected 10 schools with 105 children as subject of research, but only 23 (21.9%) children who were having seroprotective (21,9%). A total of 76 (72.4%) subjects were female, 78 (74.3%) subjects with good nutrition status and 98 (93.3%) subjects had ≥2,500 grams birth weight. From the immunization record book 26 (24.8%) subjects were obtained with HB-1 vaccination done at ≤7 days of age and 45 (42.9%) subjects with the distance between HB-2 and HB-3 were ≥2 months. Mother’s age was found 86 (81.9%) were 20-35 years old, 64 (60.9%) mothers’s education were high school graduated and 79 (75.2%) parents subjects had income ≥2 million per month. From multivariate analysis obtained that administration of HB-1 ≤7 days or >7 days (p=0.02) and distance between administration of HB-2 and HB-3 <2 months or ≥2 months (p<0.001) had important role in HB seroprotection in children. Conclusion. This study obtained a number of low HB seroptotection (21.9%) as well as administration of HB-1 ≤7 days or >7 days and distance between administration of HB-2 and HB-3 <2 months or ≥2 months had important role in HB seroprotection in children age 10-15 years old., Background. Hepatitis B viral (HBV) infection in Indonesia is still high with average prevalence of 9.4%. The high prevalence of hepatitis B (HB) is related to the occurence of HBV infection during the early life, especially through vertical transmission. In Indonesia proportion of vertical transmission 45.9% and 5.2% pregnant women have HBsAg positive. The most effective way to control HBV infection is with immunization HB, but there is differential in anti-HBs seroprotection titer at the age more than ten years in many locations. In addition there are factors that can affect anti-HBs titer, but these studies are rare and have ever been done in Manado. Objective. Knowing anti-HBs seroprotection titer and factors that can affect the anti-HBs titer. Method. Analitic observational study with cross sectional design. Research was done with stratified random sampling in children age 10-15 years old at Tuminting district, Manado city since October until November 2014. Analise data with SPSS 22. Results. From 48 schools, selected 10 schools with 105 children as subject of research, but only 23 (21.9%) children who were having seroprotective (21,9%). A total of 76 (72.4%) subjects were female, 78 (74.3%) subjects with good nutrition status and 98 (93.3%) subjects had ≥2,500 grams birth weight. From the immunization record book 26 (24.8%) subjects were obtained with HB-1 vaccination done at ≤7 days of age and 45 (42.9%) subjects with the distance between HB-2 and HB-3 were ≥2 months. Mother’s age was found 86 (81.9%) were 20-35 years old, 64 (60.9%) mothers’s education were high school graduated and 79 (75.2%) parents subjects had income ≥2 million per month. From multivariate analysis obtained that administration of HB-1 ≤7 days or >7 days (p=0.02) and distance between administration of HB-2 and HB-3 <2 months or ≥2 months (p<0.001) had important role in HB seroprotection in children. Conclusion. This study obtained a number of low HB seroptotection (21.9%) as well as administration of HB-1 ≤7 days or >7 days and distance between administration of HB-2 and HB-3 <2 months or ≥2 months had important role in HB seroprotection in children age 10-15 years old.]

Abstrak :
Latar Belakang: Penyakit avian influenza subtipe H5N1 Asian lineage yang mulai mewabah di kawasan Asia, Afrika dan Eropa sejak tahun 1997 selain menimbulkan kerugian ekonomi yang sangat signifikan juga mengancam aspek kesehatan manusia dimana sejumlah korban meninggal dunia karena infeksi virus yang bersifat zoonosis. Penanganan penyakit dilakukan dengan antiviral yang berbasis neuraminidase inhibitor. Permasalahan timbul sebagai akibat mutasi beberapa strain virus menjadi resisten terhadap antiviral yang ada. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melakukan desain antiviral alternatif berbasis siRNA terhadap gen nucleoprotein yang lebih sesuai terhadap virus avian influenza subtipe H5N1 yang bersirkulasi di Indonesia. Metode: Desain siRNA dilakukan secara in silico dengan program siDirect 2.0 berdasarkan 210 sekuen gen nucleoprotein virus H5N1 yang bersirkulasi di Indonesia. Dua kandidat siRNA-NP672 dan siRNA-NP1433 dipilih berdasarkan kajian bioinformatik. Selanjutnya, kedua kandidat siRNA-NP tersebut ditantang secara in vitro pada sel Mabin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) terhadap virus H5N1 asal Indonesia clade 2.1.3 dan 2.3.2 dengan menggunakan siRNA-NP1496 sebagai pembanding. Paramater yang diamati adalah produksi virus dan ekspresi gen virus. Terakhir, analisa mutasi gen nucleoprotein virus H5N1 dilakukan untuk melihat paparan siRNA-NP secara berulang kali. Hasil: Kandidat siRNA-NP672 memberikan efek penurunan infeksi virus H5N1 yang lebih baik dalam menurunkan tingkat infeksi virus HPAI subtipe H5N1 baik clade 2.1.3 dan 2.3.2 secara in vitro pada sel MDCK yang dicerminkan dengan titer produksi virus dibandingkan dua desain lainnya yaitu siRNA-NP1433 dan siRNA-NP1496. Pemberian siRNA-NP672 juga memberikan efek peredaman yang lebih tinggi dan konsisten terhadap ekspresi gen-gen virus, antara lain nucleoprotein, polymerase acidic, hemagglutinin, neuraminidase, Matrix, dan non-structural. Hasil kajian bioinformatik terhadap struktur sekunder dan tersier RNA gen nucleoprotein menunjukkan bahwa target siRNA-NP672 lebih berinteraksi karena memiliki bagian bebas (loop) yang lebih banyak dibandingkan dua kandidat siRNA-NP lainnya. Selanjutnya, paparan siRNA-NP tidak memicu terjadinya mutasi gen target pada virus H5N1 baik clade 2.1.3 dan clade 2.3.2 setelah 3 kali paparan. Kesimpulan: Desain siRNA-NP672 menunjukkan prospek yang lebih baik dalam menurunkan tingkat infeksi virus avian influenza subtipe H5N1 baik clade 2.1.3 dan clade 2.3.2. ......Introduction: Avian influenza disease outbreak of subtype H5N1 Asian lineage that has spread in Asia, Africa, and European continental since 1997 caused massive economic drawbacks as well as a zoonotic threat where numerous deaths related to viral infection. The treatment of viral infection has been done with antiviral based on neuraminidase inhibitors. However, mutation of numerous virus strains has been confirmed that may lead to resistance against current antivirals. This study's objective was to design an alternative antiviral based on siRNA targeting nucleoprotein gene that is more suitable for the avian influenza viruses subtype H5N1 circulating in Indonesia. Methods: The siRNA design was accomplished in silico using the siDirect 2.0 program based on 210 nucleoprotein gene sequences of H5N1 viruses circulating in Indonesia. Two siRNA candidates (siRNA-NP672 and siRNA-NP1433) were chosen based on bioinformatic analyses. Subsequently, these siRNA-NP candidates were challenged in vitro in Mabin-Darby canine kidney cell culture against the Indonesian H5N1 both clade 2.1.3 and clade 2.3.2 using siRNA-NP1496 as a comparison. The parameters analyzed within the study are including virus production and viral gene expression level. Finally, mutation analysis was performed to evaluate the effect of three serial siRNA-NP exposures to the target gene of the H5N1 viruses. Results: The siRNA-NP672 provides a better reduction of the H5N1 viral infection, especially on viral production titer for both clade 2.1.3 and clade 2.3.2 compared to the two other siRNA candidates, including siRNA-NP1433 and siRNA-NP1496. The siRNANP672 also provides a better and more consistent reduction of viral gene expression levels, including nucleoprotein, polymerase acidic, hemagglutinin, neuraminidase, Matrix, dan non-structural. This finding was confirmed by bioinformatic analyses of the siRNA-NP672 biding site in the secondary and tertiary structure of the nucleoprotein gene which has more free parts (loop) compared to the two other siRNA-NP candidates. Subsequently, three serial exposures of siRNA-NP do not induce any mutation on the target site of the nucleoprotein gene of the H5N1 virus both clade 2.1.3 and 2.3.2. Conclusion: The design of siRNA-NP672 provides a better prospect to reduce the Indonesian avian influenza virus subtype H5N1 infection for both clade 2.1.3 and 2.3.2.

Abstrak :
Penyakit autoimun adalah sindroma ldinik yang disebabkan oleh respon autoimun akibat aktivasi dari sel T maupun sel B atau keduanya terhadap antigen selfl). Penyakit ini merupakan kelainan yang cukup sering ditemukan di ldinik, dapat bersifat ringan maupun berat, terjadi akibat gangguan keseimbangan kerja sistem imun. 1 Penyebab penyakit dan patogenesisnya belum jelas. Gejala dan keparahan dari penyakit autoimun berbeda beda pad a tiap p~ien. Pemeriksaan laboratorium ANA mempunyai tingkat sensitivitas ' dan spesifisitas yang berbeda beda pada tiap penyakit autoimun; pada penyakit LES yang paling sensitif (:::; 95%). Pol a ANA yang ditemukan pada pasien penyakit autoimun dapat berupa speckled, homogen, nuldeoli, perifer, sentromer dan sitoplasma. ' Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mendapatkan data tentang profil ANA pada pasien autoimun yang berobat ke polildinik Alergi dan Imunologi, departemen Ilmu Penyakit Dalam, Rumah Sakit Cipto Mangunkusumo. Penelitian ini berguna untuk memberikan informasi kepada ldinisi tentang pola dominan yang ditemukan pada penyakit autoimun tertentu dan membantu memperkirakan penyakitnya. Subjek diambil dari pasien dewasa (usia> 15 tahun) rawat jalan yang berobat di polildinik Alergi Imunologi (Juni 2010-Agustus 2010) dan menggunakan penelitian deskriptif. Pasien dengan stadium pengobatan stadium pengobatan : maintenance 21(52,5%), tappering offl2 (30%), dan induk~i 7 pasien (17,5%). Pemeriksaan ANA dilakukan pada 40 sampel dan 10 subjek sehat. Subjek penelitian terdiri dari 38 wanita (95%) dan 2 pria (5%) sedangkan subjek sehat terdiri dari 8 wanita (80%) dim 2 pria (20%). Usia median untuk subjek adalah 20-29 tahun sedangkan subjek sehat median umur 30-39 tahun. Kami mendapatkan 6 kontrol denga.'1 hasil negatif dan 4 hasil positif pola speckled halus dengan titer rendah 11100. Pada subjek penelitian didapatkan diagnosis LES 38 pasien (95%) dan 2 slderoderma (5%). Pada pasein LES, didapatkan hasil ANA positif 33 (87%) dan negatif 5 (13%). Pada kedua pasien slderoderma, pemeriksaan ANA nya positif. Pada pasien LES 'dengan ANA positif, karni menemukan pola speckled 26 (65%), terdiri dari speckled kasar 23 (57,5%) dan speckled halus 3 (7,5%), nuldeolar 4 (10%), homogen 2 (5%), dan anti sitoplasma antibodi 1 (2,5%). Modus titer ANA sebelum pengobatan 1110.000 dan setelah pengobatan 11100. ......Autoimmune disease is an inflammatory ,disorder charactherized by autoantibodies among others to nuclear antigen.Severity and symptoms of autoimmune disease differ in each' patient. 'A laboratory test of antinuclear antibo4y (ANA) is different in every autoimmune dis~e; but in SLE, is the most sensitivetest,(:::: 95%). Patterris of ANA were' found in ~utoimmune disease , patients 'are speckled, homogen, nucleoli, peripheral, centrQmere and cytoplasmic pattern. The aim of this study was to found the pattern of ANA iIi patients that 'di~gno~d as 'autoimmune disease in Allergy and Immunology clinic, department" of internal medicine, Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital. The value of this study was to give infonnation to clinician the most frequent pattern of ANA founded in autoimmune patient and to estimate type of autoimmune disease. ' Subjects were taken in out patient in' Allergy Immunology clinic (June 2010 - Augustus 201 0) in adult autoimmune pa~ents (age:> 15 years). , ' ANA test was applied to 40 autoiininune subjects, and 10 healthy subjects. Thirty eight of subjects were wom~ (95%) and 2 of them were men (5%). The median age is 20-29 years old. (45%). Healthy 'subjects are 8 women and 2 men and median age is 30-40 years old. We found 6 healthy subjects were negative ANA test and 4 were positive fine speckled pattern and titer were low 11100. We found SLE 38 patient (95%) 'and 2 Schlerodenna (5%). From 38 SLE patient ,positive of ANA test '33 (87%) and 5 negative of ANA test (13%), and from 2 schlerodenna 100%' ANA test positive. From positive ANA test of SLE we found 26 speckled pattern (65%), devide in coarse speckled 23 (57,5%) and fine speckled 3 (7,5%),4 nucleolar (10%), 2 homogen pattern (5%), and antlcytoplasmic antib<;>dy pattern 1 (2,5%). In this study founded that the most ANA pattern and spesific for SLE patients in department internal medicine, Cipto Manglmkusumumo Hospital was speckled pattern. The stage of therapy are maintenance ' 21 ' (52,5.%), "tapering off stag~12(30%)and induction stage 7 (17,'5%) is maintenance stage and 7 patient (17,5%) in tapering off stage. , " ' Modus titer ANA Defore therapy ,1/1 0.000 and after therapy 11100.

Abstrak :
Antibodi yang diproduksi oleh sel plasma sebagai respon terhadap vaksin COVID-19 terdiri dari antibodi netralisasi dan antibodi non-netralisasi. Antibodi netralisasi penting untuk perlindungan terhadap infeksi SARS-CoV-2. Standar baku untuk mengukur tingkat antibodi netralisasi melalui uji Plaque Reduction Neutralization Test (PRNT) yang membutuhkan patogen hidup dan fasilitas Biosafety Level 3 (BSL3). Metode lain yang mudah dilakukan untuk mengukur IgG Anti-S1 RBD ataupun total antibodi representasi netralisasi melalui uji ELISA. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan titer IgG Anti-S1 RBD dengan total antibodi representasi SARS-CoV-2 pada subjek yang divaksinasi serta kaitannya dengan umur dan jenis kelamin. Titer IgG Anti-S1 RBD ditentukan menggunakan uji indirect ELISA. Pengukuran persen inhibisi dari antibodi netralisasi menggunakan metode sVNT. Studi cross-sectional dilakukan pada 20 sampel plasma yang diimunisasi dengan seri primer CoronaVac dan 36 sampel plasma pasca-vaksinasi booster (dosis ketiga) dengan mRNA-1273. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan tidak terdapat perbedaan titer IgG Anti-S1 RBD dan total antibodi representasi netralisasi pada pria dan wanita maupun pada kelompok usia. Sementara itu, didapatkan korelasi kuat antara IgG Anti-S1 RBD dan total antibodi representasi netralisasi pada kelompok sampel yang menerima vaksin inaktif (r = 0,720, p-value <0,0001) maupun pada kelompok subjek booster mRNA (r = 0,821, p-value < 0,0001). ......Antibodies produced by plasma cells in response to the COVID-19 vaccine consist of neutralizing antibodies and non-neutralizing antibodies. Neutralizing antibodies are important for protection against the SARS-CoV-2 infection. The standard for measuring the level of neutralizing antibodies is the Plaque Reduction Neutralization Test (PRNT), which requires live pathogens and Biosafety Level 3 (BSL3) facilities. Another easy method to measure IgG Anti-S1 RBD or total surrogate neutralizing via ELISA. This study aims to determine the relationship between anti-S1 RBD IgG titer and total surrogate neutralizing antibody in vaccinated subjects, as well as its relationship with age and gender. Anti-S1 RBD IgG titer were determined using an indirect ELISA assay. Measurement of percent inhibition of neutralizing antibodies using the sVNT method. A cross-sectional study was conducted on 20 plasma samples immunized with the CoronaVac primer series and 36 post-vaccination booster (third dose) plasma samples with mRNA-1273. The results of this study showed no difference in anti-S1 RBD IgG titer and total surrogate neutralizing antibody between men and women or in age groups. Meanwhile, a strong correlation was found between Anti-S1 RBD IgG titer and total surrogate neutralizing antibody in the sample group that received the inactivated vaccine (r = 0.720, p-value <0.0001) and also in the mRNA booster subject group (r = 0.821, p-value < 0.0001).

Abstrak :
ABSTRACT
Atherosclerosis, a chronic inflammatory disease in arterial blood vessels, is one of the major causes of death in worldwide. Meanwhile, periodontal disease is a chronic inflammatory disease caused by infection with periodontal pathogens such as P. gingivalis (Porphyromonas gingivalis). Several studies have reported association between periodontal infection and atherosclerosis, but direct investigation about the effects of periodontal treatment on atherosclerosis has not been reported. We have planned Japanese local clinics to determine the relationship between periodontal disease and atherosclerosis under collaborative with medical and dental care. A prospective, multicentre, observational study was conducted including 38 medical patients with lifestyle-related diseases in the stable period under consultation at participating medical clinics and 92 periodontal patients not undergoing medical treatment but who were consulting at participating dental clinics. Systemic and periodontal examinations were performed before and after periodontal treatment. At baseline, LDL-C (low-density lipoprotein cholesterol) levels and percentage (%) of mobile teeth were positively related to plasma IgG (immunoglobulin) antibody titer against P. gingivalis with multivariate analysis. Corresponding to improvements in periodontal clinical parameters after treatment, right and left max IMT (maximum intima-media thickness) levels were decreased significantly after treatment (SPT-S: start of supportive periodontal therapy, SPT-1y: at 1 year under SPT, and SPT-3y: at 3 years under SPT). The present study has clarified our previous univariate analysis results, wherein P. gingivalis infection was positively associated with progression of atherosclerosis. Thus, routine screening using plasma IgG antibody titer against P. gingivalis and periodontal treatment under collaborative with medical and dental care may prevent cardiovascular accidents caused by atherosclerosis.