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"ABSTRAKKegiatan produksi minyak bumi di Indonesia telah menimbulkan banyak kasus pencemaran dan berdampak buruk bagi kualitas lingkungan disekitarnya. Salah satu tindakan pemulihan pencemaran tersebut adalah bioremediasi yang memanfaatkan kemampuan mikroorganisme untuk mendegradasi hidrokarbon. Penelitian ini menggunakan teknik bio-composting, salah satu jenis bioremediasi yang paling aman digunakan dan ramah lingkungan. Bio-composting menggunakan bahan – bahan alami seperti serbuk kayu, kotoran ayam, serta bakteri pendegradasi hidrokabon dengan variasi Pseudomonas aeruginosa 15% v/w serta konsorsium Pseudomonas aeruginosa dan Bacillus subtilis sebesar 15% v/w. Selama 15 hari penelitian didapatkan penurunan kosentrasi Total Petroleum Hydrocabon (TPH) sebesar 77,24% dan 67,11%. Dari penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa variasi konsorsium Pseudomonas aeruginosa dan Bacillus subtilis 15% v/w paling efektif mendegradasi hidrokarbon pada tanah yang terkontaminasi minyak bumi.

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ABSTRACTOil and gas industry in Indonesia has led to many cases of contamination and adversely affect for the quality of the surrounding environment. One of the recovery actions is bioremediation which utilizes the ability of microorganisms to degrade the content of biologically hazardous waste. This study uses a bio-composting technique which is one of the safest types of bioremediation to use and environmentally friendly. Bio-composting uses natural materials such as sawdust, chicken manure, and indigenous bacteria by variation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa 15% v/w and a consortium of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Bacillus subtilis amount 15% v/w. During 15 days study, we found a decrease in the concentration of Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon (TPH) amounted to 77,24% and 67,11% From this study it can be concluded that consortium of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Bacillus subtilis 15% v/w is the most effective variation to degrade hydrocarbons in oil contaminated soil."

"Penelitian mengenai pengaruh air laut tercemar hidrokarbon terhadap kepadatan sel mikroalga Scenedesmus vacuolatus telah dilakukan. Pencemaran hidrokarbon yang berasal dari minyak di laut dapat menghambat proses fotosintesis mikroalga. Hal tersebut dapat berdampak pada kepadatan sel mikroalga. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh konsentrasi air laut tercemar hidrokarbon terhadap kepadatan sel mikroalga Scenedesmus vacuolatus, serta mengetahui perlakuan yang optimum untuk menurunkan kadar total petroleum hidrokarbon (TPH). Pengambilan sampel air laut tercemar hidrokarbon dilakukan di pelabuhan Kali Adem, Jakarta. Perlakuan dalam penelitian adalah medium Walne dengan penambahan air laut tercemar hidrokarbon 25% (A), medium Walne dengan penambahan air laut tercemar hidrokarbon 50% (B), medium Walne dengan penambahan air laut tercemar hidrokarbon 75% (C), dan medium Walne dengan penambahan air laut tercemar hidrokarbon 100% (D). Kontrol yang digunakan adalah medium Walne dengan air laut steril yang bukan berasal dari pelabuhan Kali Adem. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan rata-rata kepadatan sel Scenedesmus vacuolatus tertinggi yaitu pada perlakuan kontrol. Hal tersebut dapat dilihat dari hasil rata-rata kepadatan sel pada masa puncak sebesar 29,48 x 105 sel/mL, serta panjang fase log dari Scenedesmus vacuolatus. Hasil pengukuran kadar TPH menunjukkan terdapat penurunan TPH pada seluruh perlakuan. Perlakuan optimum untuk menurunkan kadar TPH yaitu perlakuan B dengan persen penurunan sebesar 70,62%.(......)Study about the effect of hydrocarbon-polluted seawater on the cell density of microalgae Scenedesmus vacuolatus has been done. Hydrocarbon pollution derived from oil in the sea can inhibit photosynthesis process of microalgaes. This might impact the density of microalgae cells. The purposes of this study are to determine the effect of the concentration of hydrocarbon-polluted seawater on the density of Scenedesmus vacuolatus microalgae cells and to determine the optimum treatment to reduce total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH) levels. Sampling of hydrocarbon-polluted seawater was taken at Kali Adem port, Jakarta. The treatment done in this research used Walne medium with the addition of 25% hydrocarbon-polluted seawater (A), 50% (B), 75% (C), and 100% (D). Control is Walne medium with sterile seawater that was not fromthe Kali Adem port. The results showed the highest average density of Scenedesmus vacuolatus cells was in the control sample. This can be seen from the results of the average cell density at peak time of 29.48 x 105 cells / mL, as well as the log phase length of Scenedesmus vacuolatus. Measurement of TPH levels showed decreases of TPH in all treatments. The optimum treatment to reduce TPH levels is on treatment Bwith reduction percentage of 70.62%."

"A study was carried out to evaluate the extent of total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH) and oil and grease (O&G) pollution in the waters of Ramsar Gazetted mangrove area Johor, during monsoon (February) and post-monsoon (May), 2013. The concentrations of |TPH obtained using UV-fluorescence spectroscopy ranged between 6.50-80.3 (mean 20.2 ±15.7) ug L-1 Tapis crude oil equivalent and O&G using gravimetric analysis ranged from 0.06-1.50 (mean 0.37 ± 0.28) mg L-1. Higher TPH in area surrounding the Kukup Island is probably due to illegal desludging and active shipping activities. The O&G was found higher in the Strait of Kukup Island and Pulai River; high surface run-off of lipophilic matters from terrestrial and anthropogenic activities could have enriched the waterways. In general, anthropogenic activities, tidal influence and dynamic of mixing affected the distribution of O&G and TPH in the study area. Values obtained were comparable to reported data elsewhere in Malaysian waters."