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Abstrak :
ABSTRAK
Legal certainty is an important factor in the tax management in any country, considering that in general taxes do not offer direct reward to the community. On the other hand, taxes directly impose additional burden on the community. Therefore the tax collection should take legal certainty into consideration to ensure fair treatment. One of the Decrees of the Director General of Taxation which becomes a controversy in the business world and often becomes a topic for debate among the tax experts is the policy of the Director General of Taxation formulated in the Letter Number: S-1651PJ.31211992. The provision regulates the fiscal correction to the companies which take a loan from the shareholders. Taxpayers are of the opinion that the policy does not make sense, since in practice the provision brings about fiscal correction which is based on assumption. The fact is that the Tax Court always passes the judgment stating that the taxpayer wins the case in the disputes related to the transaction. Despite the fact that the Directorate General of Taxation has lost the case many times in the Court of Appeal, the Directorate General of Taxation has not changed the policy to regulate the transaction of loan from the shareholders. The foregoing matter underlies the normative research which carries out a study on the legal provision on the transaction of loan from the shareholders. The normative research aims to discover how other countries regulate the transaction and to compare it with the prevailing provisions in Indonesia; how the Tax Court passes the judgment stating that the taxpayer wins the case if the judgment is compared to the provisions formulated in the Letter of Director General of Taxation, how the issuance and use of the Letter of Director General of Taxation is observed from the principles of authority delegation and the principles of discretion. The research is descriptive and explanatory by employing the data collection instrument in the form of documents study, namely in the form of primary, secondary, and tertiary legal materials. The result of the normative research indicates that the provisions in the Letter of the Director General of Taxation Number: S-1651PJ.31211992 is in contradictory with the judgment of the Tax Court and the provisions in the income Tax Act. In passing the judgment stating that the taxpayer wins the case the Tax Court employs the principles of Substance Over Form Rule which relies more on the material truth as the requirements for the burden of proof. 'While the Income Tax Act delegates the authority to the Director General of Taxation to determine the debt to equity ratio. Whereas observed from the principles of authority delegation, the Letter of the Director General of Taxation is not in conformity with the authority of the Director General of Taxation based on the Income Tax Act to solve the case in the transaction. Likewise, if the regulation is observed from the principles of discretion, the provisions made should not employ free discretion, but employs restricted discretion which still refers to the provisions contained in the law. In various countries, the transaction is classified as special relation transaction that has a potential to incur losses, namely in the form of the potential loss in the national revenue of a country. Therefore many countries stipulate provisions which limit the loan from the shareholders by stipulating the debt to equity ratio.

Abstrak :
Industri budaya populer Korea Selatan telah mengalami pertumbuhan yang luar biasa jika dibandingkan pada awal perkembangannya di tahun 2000-an. Meskipun telah banyak penelitian yang memberikan wawasan mengenai hubungan antara budaya populer dan pariwisata, masih sedikit yang membahas mengenai bagaimana industri budaya populer Korea Selatan berperan dalam membentuk dan mengubah citra negaranya. Penelitian ini kemudian hadir untuk mengonfirmasi hubungan antara budaya populer Korea Selatan (Hallyu) dengan citra negara Korea Selatan dengan menggunakan musik (K-Pop), serial drama (K-Drama), dan film Korea Selatan sebagai objek penelitiannya. Survei diikuti oleh 280 responden usia sekolah menengah atas (perempuan = 66,1%) yang familiar dengan budaya populer Korea Selatan. Temuan menunjukkan bahwa Hallyu berpengaruh terhadap citra negara Korea Selatan. Akan tetapi, hasil dari uji koefisien determinasi menunjukkan bahwa Hallyu bukanlah faktor pemengaruh satu-satunya dalam pembentukan citra negara Korea Selatan (R2 = 36,8%). ......South Korea's popular culture industry has seen tremendous growth compared to its early development in the 2000s. While studies have provided many insight into the relationship between popular culture and tourism, little has been discussed about how South Korea's popular culture industry plays a role in shaping and changing its country's image. This research is then aimed to confirm the relationship between South Korean popular culture (Hallyu) and the country image of South Korea by using music (K-Pop), drama series (K-Drama), and South Korean films as the research objects. Valid survey responses were collected from 280 high school students respondents (female = 66,1%) who are familiar with South Korean popular culture. The findings showed that Hallyu has an effect on the country's image of South Korea. However, the coefficient of determination analysis test shows that Hallyu is not the only influencing factor that could contribute to South Korea's country image (R2 = 36,8%).

Abstrak :
Praktik transfer pricing di Indonesia berkembang pesat beriringan dengan perkembangan perusahaan multinasional. Berkaitan dengan hal ini, baik DJP maupun Wajib Pajak harus memenuhi peraturan perundang-undangan yang berlaku dalam menerapkan PKKU pada praktik transfer pricing. Namun, tidak jarang ditemukan baik DJP maupun Wajib Pajak belum dapat mengimplementasikan ketentuan-ketentuan tersebut, yang kemudian mengarah kepada terjadinya sengketa pajak. Salah satu isu yang diangkat dalam penelitian ini berfokus pada analisis koreksi biaya bunga pinjaman dan penerapan secondary adjustment dalam konteks keputusan Pengadilan Pajak atas permohonan Banding PT WBI. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengevaluasi kesesuaian putusan Pengadilan Pajak terhadap PKKU dalam koreksi yang dilakukan oleh DJP serta penerapan secondary adjustment. Metode yang digunakan adalah pendekatan kualitatif dengan studi lapangan dan studi pustaka, yang menggabungkan analisis dokumen dengan wawancara mendalam terhadap berbagai pihak yang terlibat dalam kasus ini. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Majelis Hakim telah mempertimbangkan argumen DJP dan Wajib Pajak dalam memutus sengketa dengan tetap memperhatikan regulasi yang ada. Koreksi yang dilakukan oleh DJP tidak didukung oleh bukti yang memadai, sehingga mengakibatkan pembatalan primary adjustment dan mempengaruhi kelayakan secondary adjustment yang diterapkan. Kesimpulannya, Majelis Hakim telah mengambil keputusan sejalan dengan PKKU, serta secondary adjustment dibatalkan karena pengaruh dari pembatalan primary adjustment. Namun demikian, penerapan secondary adjustment tetap harus diperhatikan karena tidak dapat diterapkan kepada seluruh Wajib Pajak. Kebutuhan akan kejelasan lebih lanjut bahwa penerapan secondary adjustment kepada selain pemegang saham diperlukan untuk mencegah sengketa pajak di masa mendatang. ......The practice of transfer pricing in Indonesia has developed rapidly along with the growth of multinational companies. In this context, both the Directorate General of Taxes (DJP) and taxpayers are required to comply with applicable laws and regulations in implementing the General Provisions of Tax Procedures (PKKU) in transfer pricing practices. However, it is not uncommon to find that both the DJP and taxpayers have not yet implemented these provisions, leading to tax disputes. One issue addressed in this research focuses on the analysis of interest expense corrections and the application of secondary adjustments in the context of the Tax Court's decision on PT WBI's appeal. The objective of this study is to evaluate the consistency of the Tax Court's decision with PKKU in the corrections made by the DJP and the application of secondary adjustments. The method used is a qualitative approach with field studies and literature studies, combining document analysis with in-depth interviews with various parties involved in this case. The research findings indicate that the panel of judges considered the arguments of both the DJP and the taxpayers in resolving the dispute while still considering the existing regulations. The corrections made by the DJP were not supported by sufficient evidence, resulting in the annulment of the primary adjustment and affecting the feasibility of the secondary adjustment applied. In conclusion, the panel of judges made decisions in line with PKKU, and the secondary adjustment was canceled due to the impact of the annulment of the primary adjustment. However, the application of secondary adjustments must still be considered as they cannot be applied to all taxpayers. A further need for clarity that the application of secondary adjustments to parties other than shareholders is necessary to prevent future tax disputes.