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Abstrak :
In recent years, there is a significant increase on the demand of multimedia services. The use and delivery of various multimedia applications, collectively and continuously, creates increasing demand on network bandwidth. However, in most of the countries, the available bandwidth capacity remains very limited Majority users living in these regions are having difficulties to access such applications. A solution to this problem is by embedding the capability to dynamically change the format of bandwidth-intensive multimedia applications to a more efficient one into the network. The process which alters multimedia application from one format to another format is known as Transcoding. For example, cinepak format requiring high bandwidth is transcoded into lower format such as example H263. Since transcoding process is very demanding in terms computing resources, load balancing strategy in a newark environment heaps to share the load among the transcoder processor; and in turn, improves throughput and efficiency. This paper describes the implementation and analysis of applying transcoder with load balancing mechanism in a video streaming environment. Three load balancing algorithms are considered and real tests using various video and audio formats are performed in this environment. Eventhough the load balancing strategy improves the performance of the system, we still find that as the number processes increases the ability to deliver multimedia applications through transcoding process decreases. Moreover, we also conclude that our system still poses scalability problems and therefore further work is required.

Abstrak :
Tesis ini bertujukan untuk mengimplementasikan dan menganalisa aplikasi "transcoder" dengan kemampuan penyeimbang beban (load balancing). Transcoder adalah sebuah aplikasi yang dapat mengubah aplikasi-apliaksi multimedia dari format yang memiliki bandwidth lebar menjadi format yang memiliki bandwidth kecil. Penyeimbang beban adalah sebuah proses atau mekanisme untuk mendistribusikan beban kerja secara seimbang kepada dua atau lebih aplikasi transcoder untuk meningkatkan throughput. Bahasa pemrograman yang digunakan pada implementasi aplikasi transcoder ini adalah Java 2 Standard Edition (J2SE) dan Java Media Framework (JMF). Aplikasi transcoder dapat mengubah format video cinepak - 320 x 240, 24 fps dan audio PCM - 44,1 KHz, 16 bits, stereo ke bentuk format video JPEG - 320 x 240, 24 fps audio PCM - 8 KHz, 8 bits, mono; RGB - 320 x x 240, 24 fps audio PCM - 8 KHz, 8 bits, mono; dan H.263 - 176 x 144, 24 fps audio PCM - 11.025 KHz, 8 bits, mono. Pengujian dilakukan dengan mengirimkan format video kepada alamat tujuan yang berbeda. Kualitas video yang diterima pengguna akan dilihat berdasarkan besarnya paket loss dan delay jitter dalam jaringan. Kualitas video pada saat pengiriman video kepada satu alamat tujuan terlihat mulus karena paket loss dan delay jitter dibawah toleransi, yaitu: paket loss 0,00% dan delay jitter 0,324 ms. Tetapi pada pengiriman video kepada dua atau lebih alamat tujuan kualitas video tidak mulus untuk beberapa saat. Penyebabnya adalah prosesor membutuhkan banyak waktu untuk melaksanakan proses transcoding, sehingga paket tidak dapat dikirimkan secara konstan ke jaringan. ......The aim of this thesis is to implement and to analyze a "transcoder" application, which is equipped with load balancing ability. Transcoder is a device that can transform high bandwidth multimedia format into small bandwidth format. Load balancing is a mechanism or process to distribute workload to two or more application transcoders to increase throughput. Java 2 Standard Edition (J2SE) and Java Media Framework (JMF) are used to implement of this application. Application transcoder can alter video cinepak-320 x 240, 24 fps audio PCM - 44,1 KHz, 16 bits, stereo to video JPEG - 320 x 240, 24 fps audio PCM - 8 KHz, 8 bits, mono; RGB - 320 x 240, 24 fps audio PCM - 8 KHz, 8 bits, mono; and H..263 - 176 x 144, 24 fps audio PCM - 11.025 KHz, 8 bits, mono. Simulation is performed by delivering video format to the different target addresses. Video quality received by consumer will be analyzed based on level of packet loss and delay jitter in the network Video quality in delivering video process to one target address is smooth because packet loss and delay jitter are below tolerance, which are: 0.00% packet loss and 0.324 ms delay jitter. However in delivering video to two or more target addresses the quality of video is not smooth for a few moments. This occurs because the processor requires a lot of time to execute the process of transcoding, so that the packets cannot be delivered constantly and consistently to the network.