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"Penelitian observasional potong lintang sitologi cairan peritoneal di Departemen Patologi Anatomik FKUI/RSUPNCM

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"Latar Belakang: Kanker ovarium menduduki peringkat ke-3 sebagai kanker tersering pada perempuan di Indonesia. Keganasan ovarium dianggap sebagai silent killer karena tidak memiliki gejala yang signifikan pada stadium awal sehingga hampir 50% pasien datang sudah pada stadium lanjut. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan alat skrining di pelayanan primer untuk mendeteksi keganasan ovarium dan salah satu modalitas pemeriksaan adalah ultrasonografi sederhana.Tujuan: Mengetahui nilai diagnostik pemeriksaan ultrasonografi sederhana dalam menilai keganasan tumor ovarium dibandingkan hasil histopatologi pascaoperasi.Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan studi potong lintang pada pasien tumor ovarium di polikinik Ginekologi RSCM Jakarta yang dilakukan operasi pada bulan Maret hingga Juli 2015. Sampel penelitian diambil dengan metode consecutive sampling. Analisis menggunakan uji Chi-square dan regresi logistik untuk mencari hubungan antara pola morfologi ultrasonografi dengan hasil histopatologi dimana terdapat hubungan bermakna apabila nilai p<0,05. Selain itu, dibuat model persamaan dari regresi logistik untuk menghitung probabilitasHasil: Terdapat 80 subjek penelitian dimana 58 subjek (72,5%) dengan tumor jinak dan 22 subjek (27,5%) dengan tumor ganas. Hasil ultrasonografi dengan pola morfologi ≥2 menunjukkan hasil ganas pada 53,8% subjek dengan nilai diagnostik sensitivitas 100%, spesifisitas 82,8%, nilai duga positif 68,8%, dan nilai duga negatif 100%. Pola morfologi yang paling berpengaruh terhadap keganasan tumor ovarium adalah permukaan dalam dinding kista ireguler, multilokular, terdapat penonjolan papiler, dan ada bagian padat dalam tumor. Probabilitas subjek mendapat tumor ganas apabila memiliki pola morfologi ≥3 adalah lebih dari 88,9%,Kesimpulan: Pemeriksaan ultrasonografi sederhana dapat digunakan untuk mendeteksi keganasan tumor ovarium.

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Background: Ovarian cancer ranked 3rd most common cancer in Indonesian women. Ovarian malignancy is considered as silent killer because there is no significant symptom in early stage therefore almost 50% patients came in late stage. Thus, screening tool is needed in primary health care to detect ovarian malignancy and one of recommended modality is simple ultrasound examination.

Aim: To know diagnostic values of simple ultrasound examination to detect ovarian malignancy compared with post operative histopathologic findings.

Method: This study used cross-sectional design in Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital gynecologic outpatients with ovarian tumor undergone operation between March to July 2015. Samples were taken using consecutive sampling. Analysis was done using Chi-square test and logistic regression to find the relationship between ultrasound morphologic patterns with histopathologic findings where there is a significant relationship when p value < 0.05. Furthermore, a model derived from logistic regression was made to calculate the probability having ovarian malignancy.

Result: There were 80 subjects which 58 subjects (72.5%) have benign tumor and 22 subjects (27.5%) have malignant tumor. Ultrasound examination result using ≥2 morphologic patterns gave malignant result in 53.8% subjects with diagnostic values of sensitivity of 100%, specificity 82.8%, positive predictive value of 68.8%, and negative predictive value of 100%. The most important patterns were irreguler internal cyst wall, multilocular, presence of pappilary projection, and presence of solid component. The probability of subject having ovarian malignancy if there were ≥3 morphologic patterns was more than 88.9%.

Conclusion: Simple ultrasound examination can be used to detect ovarian malignancy."

"ABSTRAK Latar belakang: Frekuensi tumor ovarium serosum ganas menempati urutan tertinggi dari seluruh keganasan ovarium di dunia barat 80-85 , sesuai dengan arsip Departemen Patologi Anatomik Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Indonesia FKUI /Rumah Sakit Cipto Mangunkusumo RSCM selama 10 tahun 2004-2013 , sebanyak 200 kasus 21,4 dari seluruh keganasan ovarium. GLUT-1 dapat digunakan sebagai penanda perangai biologik tumor ovarium serosum. Tujuan penelitian ini membandingkan ekspresi GLUT-1 pada tumor ovarium serosum borderline dan ganas serta faktor risiko.Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan metode potong lintang. Sampel terdiri atas 17 kasus untuk masing masing kelompok tumor ovarium serosum borderline dan ganas. Dilakukan pulasan GLUT-1 dengan penilaian berdasarkan intensitas dan jumlah sitoplasma dan/atau membran sel yang terpulas. Dilakukan penghitungan histoscore dan persentase setiap kasus dan dinilai ekspresi GLUT-1 berdasarkan titik potong kemudian dikelompokkan menjadi ekspresi rendah dan tinggi.Hasil: Pulasan GLUT-1 ekspresi rendah sama banyak dengan ekspresi tinggi. Sebagian besar kelompok tumor ovarium serosum borderline menunjukkan ekspresi rendah. Kelompok tumor ovarium serosum ganas sebagian besar menunjukkan ekspresi tinggi. Perbedaan ekspresi GLUT-1 antara tumor ovarium serosum borderline dan ganas, secara statistik bermakna p ABSTRACT Background : The frequency of serous malignant tumors of ovary occupies the highest order of all ovarian malignancies in the western world 80-85 , in accordance with Department of Anatomical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine University of Indonesia / Cipto Mangunkusumo hospital datas, for 10 years 2004-2013 , as many as 200 cases 21.4 of all ovarian malignancies. GLUT-1 can be used as a marker in differentiating biological behaviour of serous ovarian tumor. The aim of the study was to compare expression of GLUT-1 in serous borderline and malignant tumours of the ovary. Methods : This was cross-sectional study. Sample consists of 17 cases for each group, serous borderline and malignant tumor of ovary, stained with GLUT-1 antibody. Quantification was based on the intensity and distribution of cytoplasm and/or cell membrane. The appraisal was done with estimating histoscore and percentage of each case. Calculation result was assessed by GLUT-1 expression, based on the point of intersection and then grouped into low and high expression.Result : The GLUT-1 low expression results are equal with high expression. Low grade expression found in majority cases of serous borderline ovarian tumors group. Groups of serous malignant ovarian tumors largely exhibit high expression. These differences in Glut-1 expression among the borderline and malignant cases, are statistically significant p"

"Latar belakang: Frekuensi tumor ovarium serosum ganas menempati urutan tertinggi dari seluruh keganasan ovarium di dunia barat 80-85 , sesuai dengan arsip Departemen Patologi Anatomik Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Indonesia FKUI /Rumah Sakit Cipto Mangunkusumo RSCM selama 10 tahun 2004-2013 , sebanyak 200 kasus 21,4 dari seluruh keganasan ovarium. GLUT-1 dapat digunakan sebagai penanda perangai biologik tumor ovarium serosum. Tujuan penelitian ini membandingkan ekspresi GLUT-1 pada tumor ovarium serosum borderline dan ganas serta faktor risiko.Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan metode potong lintang. Sampel terdiri atas 17 kasus untuk masing masing kelompok tumor ovarium serosum borderline dan ganas. Dilakukan pulasan GLUT-1 dengan penilaian berdasarkan intensitas dan jumlah sitoplasma dan/atau membran sel yang terpulas. Dilakukan penghitungan histoscore dan persentase setiap kasus dan dinilai ekspresi GLUT-1 berdasarkan titik potong kemudian dikelompokkan menjadi ekspresi rendah dan tinggi.Hasil: Pulasan GLUT-1 ekspresi rendah sama banyak dengan ekspresi tinggi. Sebagian besar kelompok tumor ovarium serosum borderline menunjukkan ekspresi rendah. Kelompok tumor ovarium serosum ganas sebagian besar menunjukkan ekspresi tinggi. Perbedaan ekspresi GLUT-1 antara tumor ovarium serosum borderline dan ganas, secara statistik bermakna p

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Background The frequency of serous malignant tumors of ovary occupies the highest order of all ovarian malignancies in the western world 80 85 , in accordance with Department of Anatomical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine University of Indonesia Cipto Mangunkusumo hospital datas, for 10 years 2004 2013 , as many as 200 cases 21.4 of all ovarian malignancies. GLUT 1 can be used as a marker in differentiating biological behaviour of serous ovarian tumor. The aim of the study was to compare expression of GLUT 1 in serous borderline and malignant tumours of the ovary. Methods This was cross sectional study. Sample consists of 17 cases for each group, serous borderline and malignant tumor of ovary, stained with GLUT 1 antibody. Quantification was based on the intensity and distribution of cytoplasm and or cell membrane. The appraisal was done with estimating histoscore and percentage of each case. Calculation result was assessed by GLUT 1 expression, based on the point of intersection and then grouped into low and high expression. Result The GLUT 1 low expression results are equal with high expression. Low grade expression found in majority cases of serous borderline ovarian tumors group. Groups of serous malignant ovarian tumors largely exhibit high expression. These differences in Glut 1 expression among the borderline and malignant cases, are statistically significant p"

"Latar Belakang : Sampai saat ini kanker ovarium masih menjadi salah satu kanker dengan angka mortalitas yang tinggi pada wanita dikarenakan tidak dijumpainya gejala yang khas sehingga lebih banyak kasus terdiagnosis pada stadium lanjut. Belum adanya metode skrining menjadikan pentingnya metode diagnostik yang mempunyai sensitivitas dan spesifisitas yang tinggi. Evaluasi biomarker yang baru diperlukan untuk dapat mendeteksi tumor ovarium ganas pada stadium awal.Objektif : Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menilai ekspresi Immediate Early Response Gene X-1 (IEX-1) saliva sebagai prediktor keganasan pada tumor ovarium epitelial.Metode : Merupakan penelitian uji diagnostik pada pasien tumor ovarium yang direncanakan operasi elektif dengan mengambil 3-5 ml saliva pasien sebelum tindakan operasi. Subjek penelitian yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi dibagi menjadi dua kelompok berdasarkan hasil histopatologi yaitu tumor ovarium epitelial jinak dan ganas. Dilakukan pemeriksaan ekspresi IEX-1 saliva dengan metode Real Time qPCR.Hasil : Hasil penelitian ini didapat dari 47 subjek, 22 subjek tumor ovarium epitelial ganas dan 25 subjek merupakan tumor ovarium epitelial jinak. Rerata ekspresi IEX-1 saliva lebih tinggi pada tumor ovarium epitelial jinak (1,976) dibandingkan ganas (0,554) (p<0,001). Didapatkan nilai AUC ekspresi IEX-1 0,949 (IK95% 0,894-1,000), nilai cut off point IEX-1 saliva ≥ 0.9115 dengan sensitivitas 84%, spesifisitas 86,4%, nilai duga positif 82,6% dan nilai duga negatif 87,5%. Terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara ekspresi IEX-1 saliva dengan kejadian tumor ovarium epitelial ganas (OR 5,031, IK95% 2,039-12,41; p<0,001).Kesimpulan : Terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara penurunan ekspresi IEX-1 saliva dengan kejadian tumor ovarium epitelial ganas dengan sensitivitas dan spesifisitas yang cukup baik.

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Backgound: Ovarian cancer is still one of the cancers with a high mortality rate in women because there are no typical symptoms so that more cases are diagnosed at an advanced stage. The absence of a screening method makes the importance of a diagnostic method that has high sensitivity and specificity. Evaluation of new biomarkers is needed to detect malignant ovarian tumors at an early stage.

Objectives: This study was conducted to assess the expression of salivary Immediate Early Response Gene X-1 (IEX-1) as a predictor of malignancy in epithelial ovarian tumors.

Methods: This is a diagnostic test study in ovarian tumor patients who are planned for elective surgery by taking 3-5 ml of patient's saliva before surgery. Research subjects who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were divided into two groups based on the histopathological results, benign and malignant epithelial ovarian tumors. The salivary IEX-1 expression was examined using the Real Time qPCR method.

Results: The results of this study were obtained from 47 epithelial ovarian tumors subjects, 22 malignant tumors and 27 benign tumors. The mean salivary IEX-1 expression was higher in benign epithelial ovarian tumors (1.976) than in malignant (0.554) (p<0.001). The AUC expression value of IEX-1 was 0.949 (95% CI 0.894-1,000), salivary IEX-1 cut off point value was 0.9115 with sensitivity 84%, specificity 86.4%, positive predictive value 82.6% and negative predictive value 87, 5%. There was a significant relationship between salivary IEX-1 expression and the event of malignant epithelial ovarian tumors (OR 5.031, 95% CI 2.039-12.41; p<0.001).

Conclusions: There is a significant correlation between decreased salivary IEX-1 expression and the event of malignant epithelial ovarian tumors with a good sensitivity and specificity."

"Penelitian ini membahas perbandingan performa diagnostik sistem skoring International Ovarian Tumor Analysis (IOTA) dengan Risk of Malignancy Index-4 (RMI-4) dan indeks morfologi Sassone dalam memprediksi keganasan ovarium prabedah. Dilakukan uji diagnostik potong-lintang secara retrospektif dengan pasien neoplasma ovarium di RSUPN Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo dari Januari hingga Desember 2013. Nilai diagnostik dari keempat metode skoring dihitung dengan luaran: sensitivitas, spesifisitas, nilai prediksi positif, nilai prediksi negatif, akurasi dan nilai AUC. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan IOTA simple-rules memiliki performa diagnostik lebih baik dibandingkan IOTA subgroup, RMI-4 dan indeks morfologi Sassone.

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This study compared diagnostic performance of scoring system of International Ovarian Tumor Analysis (IOTA) with Risk of Malignancy Index-4 (RMI-4) and Sassone morphology index to predict ovarian malignancy preoperatively. A retrospective study was done involving subject with ovarian neoplasm at National General Hospital Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo on January to December 2013. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, accuracy and AUC value were calculated. This study concluded that diagnostic performance of IOTA simple-rules were significantly better than IOTA subgroup, RMI-4 and Sassone morphology index."

"Tumor ovarium tipe sel benih merupakan tumor tersering pada anak dan remaja putri. Di Indonesia, tumor ovarium merupakan permasalahan yang cukup berarti karena pasien umumnya datang dalam kondisi stadium lanjut akibat tidak adanya metode skrining yang memadai untuk mendeteksi kasus ini secara dini.Tujuan: (1) mengetahui jumlah kasus baru tumor ovarium primer tipe sel benih di Jakarta selama tahun 1997-2006; (2) mengetahui proporsi kasus tumor ovarium primer tipe sel benih dengan tumor genitalia perempuan di Jakarta selama tahun 1997-2006; (3) untuk mengetahui proporsi tumor ovarium primer tipe sel benih terhadap tipe lain tumor ovarium primer selama tahun 1997-2006. (4) untuk mengetahui adanya hubungan antara kelompok usia dengan derajat keganasan tumor ovarium primer tipe sel benih.Metode: Penelitian dilakukan dengan metode potong lintang pada data sekunder kasus tumor ovarium primer di Departemen Patologi Anatomi FKUI/RSUPN-CM tahun 1997-2006 dengan uji Chi-Square (p<0,05).Hasil: jumlah kasus baru tumor ovarium primer tipe sel benih di Jakarta adalah 578 kasus dengan subjek penelitian berasal dari kelompok usia 0-9 tahun hingga 80-89 tahun. Tumor ovarium primer tipe sel benih merupakan 4,79% dari semua tumor genitalia perempuan. Terdapat hubungan yang bermakna (p 0,000) antara kelompok usia dan derajat keganasan tumor ovarium primer tipe sel benih. Tumor sel benih merupakan 25,5% dari semua tumor ovarium primer.Kesimpulan: terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara usia pasien dengan derajat keganasan tumor ovarium primer tipe sel benih.

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Germ cell ovarian tumour is the most common type of tumour found among children and adolescents in Indonesia. In Indonesia, ovarian tumour has become a major problem since most patients seek medical attention in their late stages because there is no adequate screening method to diagnose ovarian tumour in early stages.Objectives: (1) To analyze the number of most recent diagnosed primary ovarian germ cell tumour's cases in Jakarta in the period of 1997-2006. (2) To analyze the proportion of primary ovarian germ cell tumours within all female's genital tumours. (3) To analyze the proportion of primary ovarian germ cell tumour within all primary ovarian tumours. (4) to know whether there is a relationship between age group and histological grade in primary ovarian germ cell tumours.Methods: based on secondary data from RSCM's Department of Pathology and Anatomy, this research was conducted using cross-sectional method with Chi-Square statistical test (p< 0.05).Result: this research indicates that there were 578 new cases of primary ovarian germ cell tumour, in the RSCM's Department of Pathology and Anatomy for the period of 1997-2006. These cases were distributed among the age group of 0-9 years old until 80-89 years old. The research findings indicates a statistically significant correlation (p<0.000) between the histological grade of primary ovarian germ cell tumour and the patients' age group. Primary ovarian germ cell tumours were found in 4,79% among all the female's genital tumour. Germ cell primary ovarian tumours were 25,5% of all primary ovarian tumours.Conclusion: there is a strong relationship between histological grade of primary ovarian germ cell tumour and the age of patients."