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Abstrak :
ABSTRAK
This article discusses the ideological meaning of literacy and how it should be considered before we attempt to develop various writing programs. Writing as one of main forms of human communication is prone to being ill defined. This may lead to certain injustices in our education world, especially when literacy is not defined or seen as an ideological concept. The most familiar example of this in a learning context is that we tend to view literacy as reading and writing ignoring other values and potentials that a learner brings to a classroom such as her socio-cultural background. In the face of such challenges, this article therefore presents a conceptual framework which could serve as a reminder for educators before they attempt to develop their various education programs. The author hopes that the article would help educators determine where they should stand along this imaginary continuum of ideological literacy.

Abstrak :
ABSTRAK
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan jenis dan wujud penanda referensial yang terdapat pada wacana tulis yang dibuat oleh anak usia 9 mdash;11 tahun dalam buku kumpulan cerita pendek Ramuan Rahasia. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode deskriptif. Sumber data dalam penelitian ini adalah lima sampel data yang bertema misteri. Hasil penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa dalam buku cerita karya anak Ramuan Rahasia terdapat pemakaian referensi endoforis anaforis dan kataforis, baik berupa referensi persona, referensi demonstrativa, dan referensi perbandingan. Melalui penelitian ini, tergambar penggunaan penanda referensial pada lima karya anak usia 9 mdash;11 tahun.

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ABSTRACT
This research is aimed to describe type and form of referential signs that can be found in the discourse which written by 9 ndash 11 years old in short stories collection book, called Ramuan Rahasia. The source of data in this research are 5 samples of data which themed mystery. The result concludes that in short stories collection book called Ramuan Rahasia, the use of anaphoric and cataphoric reference of endophore whether in a form of persona reference, demonstrative reference, and comparative reference are being used. From this research, it is visualized the referential sign are being used on 5 opuses of 9 ndash 11 years old kids.

Abstrak :
Tesis ini membahas mengenai adanya perbedaan perlakuan perihal persetujuan tertulis dari Presiden dalam proses penyelidikan dan penyidikan tindak pidana korupsi antara kepala daerah dan/atau wakil kepala daerah dan anggota DPR. Perbedaan ini berdasarkan putusan MK No. 73/PUU-IX/2011 yang menghapus keharusan persetujuan tertulis Presiden untuk kepala daerah dan/atau wakil kepala daerah yang diduga melakukan tindak pidana korupsi. Sedangkan, putusan MK No. 76/PUU-XII/2011 memutuskan kembali adanya keharusan persetujuan tertulis Presiden untuk anggota DPR yang diduga melakukan tindak pidana korupsi. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif dengan kerangka perspektif pustaka. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang diperoleh, adanya perbedaan perlakuan antara kepala daerah dan/atau wakil kepala daerah dengan anggota DPR yang diduga melakukan tindak pidana korupsi bertentangan dengan prinsip persamaan dihadapan hukum. Selain itu, adanya persetujuan tertulis dari Presiden dalam proses penyelidikan dan penyidikan yang dilakukan oleh kekuasaan kehakiman, menandakan adanya intervensi terhadap kekuasaan kehakiman yang bersifat mandiri. Hasil penelitian ini juga menunjukkan adanya inkonsistensi Mahkamah Konstitusi mengenai pendapat Mahkamah terhadap hal yang sama yaitu dengan adanya persetujuan tertulis dari Presiden menghambat proses pemberantasan korupsi di Indonesia ......This thesis discusses the differences in treatment concerning the written consent of the President in the process of inquiry and investigation of corruption among regional heads and / or deputy regional head and members of Parliament. This distinction is based on the decision of the Constitutional Court No. 73 / PUU-IX / 2011, which eliminates the need for written consent for the President of the regional heads and / or deputy regional head who is suspected of committing corruption. While the Constitutional Court decision No. 76 / PUU-XII in 2011 decided to return this requirement for written consent for the President of the House members who are suspected of corruption. This study is a qualitative research framework library perspective. Based on the results obtained, the difference in treatment between the head region and / or the deputy head of the region with members of Parliament who is suspected of committing corruption, contrary to the principle of equality before the law. In addition, the express written consent of the President in the process of inquiry and investigation conducted by the judicial authorities indicate the intervention of the judiciary is independent. The results also showed inconsistencies with the Constitutional Court regarding the Court's opinion on the same thing is with the express written consent of the President hamper the process of eradicating corruption in Indonesia.

Abstrak :
The Elementary Modern Standard Arabic Course (EMSA), published in 1983, is the premier introduction, for the English-speaking student, to the active written language of the Arab world. Expressly designed for the beginning student, the course is written by a team of Arabic language teachers consisting of native and non-native Arabic speakers, linguists and people whose primary interests are literature and allied areas. It implements an audio-lingual approach to language teaching while presenting the elements of Modern Standard Arabic as written and spoken in the contemporary Arab World. Volume 1 is complete in itself and presents a practical introduction to the writing system of Arabic and to its pronunciation, with reading and writing pronunciation drills. Thirty lessons provide a basic working knowledge of Arabic. Each lesson contains a text, a vocabulary, grammar and drills including oral and written comprehension passages. An Arabic-English glossary completes the volume. The course continues in Volume 2, which extends the knowledge of vocabulary, grammar and expression. Fifteen further lessons are followed by appendices which give reference information.