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"Latar belakang: Polimorfisme Gly972Arg pada gen IRS1 dapat mengganggufungsi normal endotel dan menyebabkan disfungsi endotel. TIMI flow pascaprosedur IKPP dan jumlah pembuluh darah yang terlibat pada pasien IMA-ESTmerupakan prediktor mortalitas dan morbiditas selama perawatan. Mekanismeyang menyebabkan adanya perbedaan profil angiografi ini salah satunyadipengaruhi oleh difungsi endotel di tingkat mikrovaskular dan makrovaskular.Penelitian mengenai hubungan antara polimorfisme Gly972Arg pada gen IRS1dengan TIMI flow pasca prosedur dan jumlah keterlibatan pembuluh darah belumpernah dilakukan.Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara polimorfismeGly972Arg pada IRS1 dengan TIMI flow pasca IKPP dan jumlah keterlibatanpembuluh darah pada pasien IMA-EST.Metode: Studi potong lintang pada 104 pasien IMA-EST RSJPDHK yangmenjalani IKPP yang masuk pada registri 2018. Pemeriksaan polimorfismeGly972Arg pada IRS1 dengan menggunakan metode Taqman.Hasil: Terdapat 104 subjek yang diikutsertakan dalam penelitian ini. Subjek dibagidalam 3 kelompok, yakni grup wildtype/CC (42,3%), heterozigot/CT (49,0%), danhomozigot mutan/TT (8,7%). Tidak terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antarakelompok mutan (TT) dengan TIMI flow pasca IKPP (OR 0,8; p = 1,000) danjumlah keterlibatan pembuluh darah (OR 0,3; p = 0,163).Kesimpulan: Tidak terdapat hubungan antara polimorfisme Gly972Arg gen IRS1dengan TIMI flow pasca IKPP dan jumlah keterlibatan pembuluh darah pasien IMAEST.

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Background: Gly972Arg polymorphism of IRS1 gene can interfere with normalendothelial function and cause endothelial dysfunction. TIMI flow after the primarypercutaneous intervention procedure and the number of coronary vessels involvedin STEMI patients are predictors that determine mortality and morbidity duringtreatment. The mechanism that causes this difference in angiographic profile isinfluenced by endothelial dysfunction at the microvascular and macrovascularlevels. Research on the relationship between Gly972Arg polymorphisms of IRS1gene with TIMI flow post procedure and the amount of blood vessel involvementhas not been carried out.Objective: We sought to define whether Gly972Arg polymorphisms of IRS1 genemay affect TIMI flow after primary percutaneous intervention and number ofcoronary vessel involved.Methods: Cross-sectional study design of 104 STEMI patients who underwentprimary PCI at National Cardiovascular Center Harapan Kita Hospital at year 2018.Examination of Gly972Arg polymorphism on IRS1 is using the Taqman methodPCR.Results: There were 104 of STEMI patients who underwent primary PCI andrecruited for the study. The subjects then divided into 3 categories, which arewildtype/CC (42,3%), carrier/CT (49,0%) and mutant/TT (8,7%). There were nosignificant relationship between the mutant group (TT) with TIMI flow afterprimary PCI (OR 0.8; p = 1,000) and the number of coronary vessel involvement(OR 0.3; p = 0.163).Conclusion: There were no relationship between the Gly972Arg polymorphism ofIRS1 gene with TIMI flow after primary PCI and the number of coronary vesselinvolvement of STEMI patients."

"Latar Belakang : Remodelling otot jantung terkait latihan fisik merupakan mekanisme adaptasi fisiologis tubuh terhadap beban jantung yang meningkat. Tipe/karakteristik, intensitas, dan durasi latihan menentukan besarnya beban jantung dan berpengaruh terhadap pola dan tingkat remodelling otot jantung. Didapatkan pola remodelling yang berbeda antara tentara dengan atlet atau orang biasa. Pada tentara, intensitas latihan fisik yang diterima lebih berat dibandingkan atlet maupun orang biasa, dengan durasi kumulatif yang lebih lama, serta beban volume dan pressure overload yang diterima lebih besar. Selain itu, tentara juga menghadapi stresor psikis yang tinggi, serta waktu istirahat/recovery pasca latihan yang berbeda dibandingkan dengan atlet maupun orang biasa.Tujuan : Untuk melihat pengaruh latihan fisik Para Komando dengan terjadinya remodelling ventrikel kiri baik fisiologis maupun patologis pada populasi Pasukan Khusus TNI Angkatan Udara dibandingkan latihan fisik regulerMetode : Studi ini merupakan studi observasional potong lintang. Remodelling otot jantung pasukan khusus TNI Angkatan Udara yang menjalani latihan fisik Para Komando dibandingkan dengan anggota militer yang menjalanin latihan fisik reguler. Parameter remodelling otot jantung yang dinilai antara lain Left Ventricular Mass Index (LVMI), fungsi ventrikel kiri (Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction/LVEF Biplane dan Global Longitudinal Strain/GLS), dan Myocardial Work (Global Constructive Work, Global Waste Work, Global Work Index, Global Work Efficiency).Hasil : Terdapat 43 orang pasukan khusus yang menjalani latihan fisik Para Komando dan 43 orang anggota militer yang menjalani latihan fisik reguler. Kelompok pasukan khusus yang menjalani latihan fisik Para Komando memiliki usia yang lebih tua dibandingkan dengan anggota militer yang menjalani latihan fisik reguler, 27 (23-30) vs 20 (20-26) tahun p < 0.001. Setelah dilakukan analisis multivariat dengan memperhitungkan faktor usia, pada kelompok latihan fisik para komando dibandingkan dengan latihan fisik reguler didapatkan hasil LVMI 79,67 ± 18,5 vs 79,64 ± 13,1 g/m2, p = 0.993; LV GLS -21 (-16 s.d -25) vs -19 (-15 s.d -22)%, p = 0.003; LV GWI 1843,8 ± 239,7 vs 1800,5 ± 258,6 mmHg%, p = 0.464; LV GCW 2140,4 ± 257,4 vs 2111,1 ± 273,8 mmHg%, p = 0.619; LV GWW 41 (12-152) vs 52 (18-117) mmHg%, p = 0.009; LV GWE 97 (94-99) vs 97 (93-99)%, p = 0.002.

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.Background: Cardiac muscle remodelling related to physical exercise is a physiological adaptation mechanism as a respons to cardiac load. Type, characteristic, intensity, and duration of exercise determine the magnitude of the cardiac load and affect the pattern and rate of remodelling of the heart muscle. Different remodelling patterns were found between soldiers and athletes or ordinary people. In soldiers, the intensity of physical exercise is heavier than that the athletes or ordinary people, with a longer cumulative duration, greater volume and pressure load. In addition, soldiers also faced with high psychological stressors, as well as different recovery times after training compared with athletes and ordinary people

Objective: To observe the effect of the Commandos' physical training on the occurrence of physiological or pathological left ventricular remodelling in Airforce Elite Soldiers compared to regular physical exercise.

Methods: This study is a cross sectional observational study. Cardiac remodelling of elite soldiers who underwent Commandos’ physical training compared to regular troops who underwent regular training. The heart muscle remodelling parameters being assessed include Left ventricular Mass Index (LVMI), Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction/LVEF Biplane, Global Longitudinal Strain/GLS, and Myocardial Work (Global Constructive Work, Global Waste Work, Global Work Index, Global Work Efficiency).

Results: There were 43 elite soldiers who underwent Commandos’ physical training and 43 regular troops who underwent regular training. The elite soldiers group had an older age compared with regular troops, 27 (23-30) vs 20 (20-26) years p < 0.001. After doing a multivariate analysis taking into account the age factor, in the group of Commandos' physical training compared to regular physical exercise, the LVMI results are 79,67 ± 18,5 vs 79,64 ± 13,1 g/m2, p = 0.993; LV GLS -21 (-16 s.d -25) vs -19 (-15 s.d -22)%, p = 0.003; LV GWI 1843,8 ± 239,7 vs 1800,5 ± 258,6 mmHg%, p = 0.464; LV GCW 2140,4 ± 257,4 vs 2111,1 ± 273,8 mmHg%, p = 0.619; LV GWW 41 (12-152) vs 52 (18-117) mmHg%, p = 0.009; LV GWE 97 (94-99) vs 97 (93-99)%, p = 0.002.

Conclusions: The Commandos' physical training is associated with better echocardiographyc result compared to regular physical exercise, indicated by higher LVEF, LV GLS, GWE, and lower GWW value"

"Latar Belakang: Latihan fisik intensitas ringan dan sedang terbukti memberikan manfaat untuk Kesehatan, namun pada level intensitas berat ditemukan peningkatan resiko remodelling baik dan perubahan fungsi pada level ventrikel maupun atrium akibat terjadinya adaptasi jantung yang biasa dijuluki “athlete’s heart”. Perubahan ini memiliki potensi terhadap gangguan kardiovaskular di kemudian hari terutama aritmia jenis atrial fibrilasi. Pada populasi special forces latihan fisik yang dijalani lebih berat dibandingkan atlit pada umumnya dan dilakukan dalam waktu yang cukup lama. Karena itu, kami mencoba mencari korelasi antara latihan intensitas berat dengan remodelling dan fungsi atrium pada populasi TNI AU.Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah terdapat korelasi antara latihan fisik intensitas berat dengan remodelling dan fungsi atrium kiri.Metode: Pemeriksaan ekokardiografi dilakukan untuk menganalisa fungsi dan dimensi atrium kiri pada kedua grup (intensitas latihan ringan dan berat). Analisa doppler dan Speckle tracking 2D dilakukan. Regresi linear digunakan untuk menilai perbandingan angka abnormalitas dari persentil 25 bawah dari setiap pengukuran untuk mendapatkan angka gangguan fungsi LA, diastolic dan pembesaran LAVi.Hasil: Total 95 orang (usia median 24) dilakukan pemeriksaan. Populasi latihan fisik intensitas berat berkaitan dengan peningkatan LAVi (p<0.0001, OR 95%CI 5.56 (2.18-14.19) ). Pada analisis multivariat PACS lebih tinggi dikatikan dengan semakin muda usia, sedangkan untuk nilai conduit LA didapatkan lebih baik pada usia muda dengan IMT yang normal. Tidak ada kaitan antara fungsi diastolik dengan latihan fisik intensitas berat.Kesimpulan: Latihan fisik intensitas berat meningkatan resiko pembesaran LAVi namun tidak menimbulkan gangguan fungsi atrium kiri.

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Background: Light to moderate intensity training is important for health and well-being. In contrary, vigorous training increase the risk of ventricle and atrial remodelling and functional changes as cardiac adaptations, These adaptations are called the “athlete’s heart, these findings could lead to cardiovascular problem in latter age, particularly atrial fibrillation.”. In special forces, level of intensity training was higher than the regular athlete with longer period. Therefore, we ought to find the correlation of left atrial remodelling and function in vigorous training in special forces population.

Objectives : To investigate the correlation between vigorous training with left atrial remodelling and function.

Methods: We analysed echocardiographic measures of Left Atrium dimension and function which were divided into two groups (light and vigorous training). Tissue doppler and 2D speckle tracking measurements were obtained. Linear regression was performed to compare the prevalence of abnormalities based on the worse 25th percentile for each measure to determine the prevalence of diastolic, LA function and LAVi abnormalities in vigorous training population.

Results: 95 adults (median age 24) were analysed. Population with vigorous training strongly correlated with LAVi enlargement (p<0.0001, OR 95%CI 5.56 (2.18-14.19)). On multivariable analyses higher PACS was independently associated with younger age, LA conduit was independently associated with younger age and normal IMT. Diastolic dysfunction were not associated with vigorous training.

Conclusions: Population with vigorous training had higher risk of LA enlargement but not causing the LA dysfunction."