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"ABSTRAKAglaonema simplex is an aquatic plant that has been widely used as ornamental plants. the genus contains polyhydroxy alkaloids that exhibit the glycosidase inhibitor activity. this paper reports a phytochemical screening of in vitro Aglaonema simplex plantlets and the potential compounds as alternatives of SR-B1 ligand that plays a role in reducing atherosclerosis. the phytochemical screening was conducted using Thin Layer Chromatography and Attenuated Total Reflectance-Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy on methanol crude extracts of leaves, stems and roots. SR-B1 ligand activities were tested on HepG2 cell line stably transfected with SR-B1 promoter. The results showed that the extracts contained secondary metabolites belonging to the terpenoids, steroids, phenolics, alkaloids and glycosides. Luciferase assay suggested that the stem and root extracts increased the expression of SR-B1 at 1.61- and 1.72-fold higher than the control, respectively. thus, Aglaonema simplex is one of the potential sources of the phytochemicals for the treatment of atherosclerosis. the tissue culture technology may be applicable for sustainable production of the identified compounds from the plant."

"Marine microalgae are among the flora that inhibits the mangrove area. They play an important role as the primary source of organic carbon in marine food web. However, very limited study on the mangrove-isolated microalgae, especially on the fatty acids. The objective of the current study was to determine the fatty acid composition in mangrove-isolated Chlorella strains. Seven mangrove-isolated Chlorella strains were cultured in F and F/2 media. Their growth and fatty acid composition were measured after the stationary growth phase. Results showed the growth varied among the strains. the cell density, cell biomass and fatty acid composition were influenced by the medium-strength. polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) were detected in only four strains, the KS-MA1, KS- MA2, KS-MB2 and SE-MB1. the highest amount of PUFAs was obtained in the KS-MA2 (40.9 ± 0.8 % dry wt. in the F/2 medium and 35.4 ± 6.7 % dry wt. in the F medium) and in the KS-MB2 (37.6 ± 3.4 % dry wt. in the F/2 medium and 34.4 ± 4.8 % dry wt. in the F medium). the growth and productivity of Chlorella species were strains-dependent and regulated by the medium strength. thus, the production of fatty acids of interest from Chlorella might be manipulated by optimizing the culture conditions."

"ABSTRAKBreast cancer is the second leading cause of cancer death and the most common form of cancer affecting women worldwide. The search for natural products for cancer therapy is an area of great interest. The main aim of this study was to determine the cytotoxic effects and the mechanisms of cell death of the crude extracts from mangrove plant, Avecennia alba on human breast carcinoma cell line, MCF-7. Diethyl ether, butanol and methanol extracts were prepared from the leaves of Avecennia alba. cytotoxicity study using MTS assay demonstrated that all the three extracts produced dose-dependent inhibition on MCF-7 cell growth, albeit at different levels. Diethyl ether extracts produced the most potent cytotoxicity, followed by butanol and methanol extracts with IC50 values of 25.1, 27.1 and 28.9 µg/mL, respectively, after 72 h incubation. The DeadEndTM Colorimetric Apoptosis Detection System suggested that all the three extracts exerted cytotoxicity on MCF-7 cells via apoptosis. TLC proling demonstrated the presence of phenolic and alkaloid compounds in methanol, diethyl ether and butanol extracts which may be responsible for mediating the cytototoxicity. the methanol, diethyl ether and butanol extracts of Avecennia alba may contain potential compounds to be developed as anti-cancer agents against breast cancer."